无废园区减碳绩效量化评价方法框架
廖恺玲俐,女,湖南郴州人,博士生,研究方向为产业生态学、无废园区、生命周期评价。E-mail: lkll22@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2024-07-21
修回日期: 2024-08-26
网络出版日期: 2025-06-17
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(72274103)
美国环保协会“鄂尔多斯煤化工园区绿色低碳转型路径研究”项目
Framework for quantitative evaluation of carbon reduction performance in zero-waste industrial parks
Received date: 2024-07-21
Revised date: 2024-08-26
Online published: 2025-06-17
【目的】工业园区是无废建设和碳减排的关键战场,但过往研究缺乏评价园区固废管理减碳效益的量化方法。构建园区无废建设的减碳绩效量化评价方法框架,对其开展无废园区减碳效益标准化核算具有重要的理论和现实意义。【方法】本文基于物质流分析和生命周期评价构建了无废园区减碳绩效量化评价方法框架,包括目标与范围确定、废物流图谱建立、处置技术选择、排放水平调查、识别减碳绩效、结果评估与决策支撑6个核心步骤,同时通过措施改进和排放控制两个步骤形成嵌套内层循环,动态追踪园区固废管理的协同减碳效益变化,发掘无废园区建设协同减碳的技术途径。【结果】运用此方法框架对北京经济技术开发区进行了案例实证和结果展示,该园区2022年通过水泥窑协同处置危险废物的减碳绩效可达到1.7万t,回收处理一般工业污泥、废钢板、纸质包装的减碳绩效共10.3万t,核算的废物量约占园区当年产生废物总量的50%。【结论】方法框架兼顾园区个性与共性,适用于产业结构各异、生产工艺多样、产废特征多元的各类园区,可向上兼容“无废城市”建设、向下支撑无废企业建设的减碳绩效核算,服务于无废建设与“双碳”目标推进的协同决策。
廖恺玲俐 , 冯则实 , 田金平 , 陈吕军 . 无废园区减碳绩效量化评价方法框架[J]. 资源科学, 2025 , 47(5) : 935 -949 . DOI: 10.18402/resci.2025.05.03
[Objective] Industrial parks serve as critical hubs for zero-waste construction and carbon emission reduction. However, previous studies lacked quantitative methods for evaluating the carbon mitigation benefits of solid waste management in these parks. Developing a quantitative evaluation framework for carbon reduction performance in zero-waste park development carries both theoretical and practical implications for standardizing the accounting of carbon reduction benefits in such parks. [Methods] A framework for the quantitative evaluation of carbon reduction performance in zero-waste industrial parks was developed based on material flow analysis (MFA) and life cycle assessment (LCA). The framework comprised six core steps: determining objectives and scope, establishing waste flow diagrams, selecting disposal technologies, investigating emission levels, identifying carbon reduction performance, and evaluating results with decision support. Additionally, two nested inner loops, measure improvement and emission control, were incorporated to dynamically track synergistic carbon reduction benefits and identify technical pathways for zero-waste park development. [Results] The proposed framework was empirically validated and demonstrated through a case study of an actual industrial park in Beijing E-Town. In 2022, the selected industrial park achieved a carbon reduction of 17000 tons through co-processing of hazardous waste in cement kilns. Additional reductions of 103 000 tons were realized by recycling general industrial sludge, scrap steel plates, and paper packaging or cartons. The accounted waste quantity represented approximately 50% of the total waste generated in the industrial park that year. [Conclusion] The proposed framework accommodates both park-specific and universal characteristics, making it applicable to various parks with diverse industrial structures, production processes, and waste generation characteristics. It upwardly aligns with “zero-waste city” construction and downwardly empowers zero-waste company development, thus facilitating coordinated decision-making for waste-free development and the achievement of the “dual carbon”goals.
表1 国内外无废建设评价相关研究Table 1 Related studies on evaluation of zero-waste development at home and abroad |
文献来源 | 发表年份 | 评价对象 | 研究方法 | 评价指标 | 案例数 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zaman等[13] | 2013 | 城市 | 单一指标计算 | 无废指数 | 3 |
邹权等[14] | 2020 | 城市 | 无量纲算法和指数评分法 | 5个维度,59项指标 | 0 |
赵曦等[15] | 2021 | 固体废物综合处理 产业园 | 德尔菲法、层次分析法(AHP)和五分制综合评分法 | 6个维度,25项指标 | 4 |
王明明等[16] | 2021 | 资源型城市 | DPSIR-AHP模型 | 4个维度,40项指标 | 1 |
张燕华等[17] | 2022 | 城市 | PEST-SWOT- AHP | 14个指标 | 1 |
Han等[18] | 2022 | 省域 | Topsis熵权法 | 4个维度,18项指标 | 31 |
Zhao等[19] | 2022 | 资源型城市 | 熵权法 | 4个维度,28项指标 | 11 |
滕婧杰等[20] | 2022 | 省域 | 无量纲化综合指数 | 无废指数,9个分指数 | 1 |
表2 部分废物回收处理和无害化处置的推荐基准情景Table 2 Recommended baseline scenarios for recycling and harmless disposal of certain wastes |
废物类型 | 废物种类 | 资源化回收利用或无害化处置方式 | 推荐的基准情景 |
---|---|---|---|
危险废物 | 废有机溶剂 | 水泥窑协同处置、焚烧发电等 | 传统焚烧 |
废酸 | 回收再利用 | 氧化/中和 | |
废碱 | 回收再利用 | 中和 | |
一般工业 固体废物 | 一般工业污泥 | 焚烧 | 卫生填埋 |
废钢板 | 电炉炼钢(短流程) | 惰性填埋 | |
纸质包装 | 生产再生纸浆 | 焚烧 | |
塑料 | 生产再生塑料 | 焚烧/填埋 | |
建筑垃圾 | 建筑垃圾 | 高价值分选利用,如再生微粉制备低碳预拌混凝土等 | 填埋 |
表3 常见处理处置方式的边界Table 3 Boundaries for conventional waste disposal methods |
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