基于SBM-Undesirable和Meta-frontier模型的城市建设用地利用效率研究

doi:10.18402/resci.2017.05.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提高建设用地利用效率是今后及未来一段时期满足城市建设用地需求的关键之举。在考虑非期望性产出（环境污染）的情况下,论文基于中国238个地级市2000-2014年的面板数据,利用SBM-Undesirable和Meta-frontier模型,考察了共同前沿、群组前沿下不同类型城市的建设用地利用效率。结果表明：①不同类型城市之间的建设用地利用效率存在显著差异,在共同前沿下,2000-2010年效率均值从高到低依次为区域综合型城市、工业主导型城市、其他类型城市、资源型城市;在群组前沿下,效率均值没有呈现明显的城市类型分异特征。②比较共同前沿与群组前沿下不同类型城市的建设用地利用效率,其他类型城市与区域综合型城市相差较小,分别为0.082、0.106,其次工业主导型城市,为0.118,排在末位的是资源型城市,达到0.267,共同前沿下的差异与群组前沿下的无分异,恰恰印证了本文从城市类型异质性视角下考察建设用地利用效率的科学性与合理性。③在将环境污染作为一种非期望性产出的情况下,建设用地利用效率普遍偏低,特别是资源型城市,效率均值不超过0.6,说明在加强生态文明建设的背景下,城市建设用地利用效率存在很大的改善空间。据此提出：在改善城市土地管理工作时,不能简单“一刀切”,应考虑城市类型异质性,制定差别化的城市土地管理方案。

关键词: 城市类型, 建设用地利用效率, SBM-Undesirable模型, Meta-frontier模型, 非期望性产出

Abstract:

Improving the utilization efficiency of construction land is critical to meet the demand of urban construction land in China. Considering environmental pollution under the condition of undesirable output,we employed the SBM-Undesirable and meta-frontier model based on 2000-2014 panel data for 238 cities in China to investigate the utilization efficiency of urban construction land using types heterogeneity and meta-frontier and group-frontier respectively. The results show that there are significant differences in the utilization efficiency of construction land between cities. At the meta-frontier,from 2000 to 2010 the average efficiency is from high to low in order from regional comprehensive city,industry oriented city,other type of city and resource city. At the group-frontier,there is no obvious characteristic of types of differentiation in average efficiency. Comparing the utilization efficiency of construction land between different types of cities under the meta-frontier and group frontier,other type of city and regional comprehensive city are small, respectively for 0.082 and 0.106,followed by the industry city at 0.118,and the resource-based city at 0.267. The non-difference between the meta-frontier and group-frontier confirmed the scientific rationality of the utilization efficiency of construction land from the perspective of urban types heterogeneity. Considering the pollution of the environment as a kind of undesirable output,the utilization efficiency of construction land is generally low,especially in resource city（e.g. mean efficiency no more than 0.6）,meaning that ecological civilization construction,urban construction land use efficiency is improved. We conclude that a one size fits all approach is inappropriate when improving urban land management and that people should consider the heterogeneity of functions among cities when developing different solutions.

Key words: urban types, utilization efficiency of construction land, SBM-Undesirable model, Meta-frontier model, undesirable output

聂雷, 郭忠兴, 彭冲. 基于SBM-Undesirable和Meta-frontier模型的城市建设用地利用效率研究[J]. 资源科学, 2017, 39(5): 836-845.

Lei NIE, Zhongxing GUO, Chong PENG. Construction land utilization efficiency based on SBM-Undesirable and Meta-frontier model[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(5): 836-845.

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指标类型	变量名称	最小值	最大值	平均值	标准差	样本数量
投入指标	城市建设用地面积/km²	7.78	1 425.87	102.08	140.25	3 570
	二三产业资本存量/亿元	4.15	31 710.85	1 126.20	2 370.34	3 570
	二三产业从业人数/万人	2.46	1 533.23	46.55	84.32	3 570
产出指标	二三产业增加值/亿元	10.99	5 083.38	208.62	390.99	3 570
	市辖区人口/万人	15.96	1 943.90	132.44	152.89	3 570
	工业SO₂排放量/万t	0.01	59.33	3.46	4.52	3 570

城市类型	2003年	2006年	2009年	2012年
资源型城市	38.91	42.80	40.85	40.39
工业主导型城市	49.10	51.06	49.77	49.35
区域综合型城市	（2.31,3.79）	（2.31,3.79）	（2.20,3.27）	（2.17,2.84）

区域综合型	MTE	GTE	AVG	资源型	MTE	GTE	AVG	工业主导型	MTE	GTE	AVG	其他类型	MTE	GTE	AVG
大庆	1.000	1.000	0.000	盘锦	1.000	1.000	0.000	苏州	1.000	1.000	0.000	绥化	1.000	1.000	0.000
无锡	1.000	0.985	0.015	大庆	1.000	1.000	0.000	厦门	1.000	0.988	0.012	巴中	1.000	1.000	0.000
苏州	1.000	0.953	0.047	东营	0.998	0.938	0.060	中山	1.000	0.988	0.012	温州	0.990	1.000	0.010
杭州	1.000	0.954	0.046	克拉玛依	0.968	0.874	0.094	宁波	0.998	1.000	0.002	茂名	0.988	1.000	0.012
厦门	1.000	0.836	0.164	濮阳	0.788	0.998	0.210	青岛	0.985	0.974	0.012	亳州	0.971	0.971	0.000
…	-	-	-	…	-	-	-	…	-	-	-	…	-		-
贵阳	0.519	0.755	0.236	阜新	0.351	0.640	0.289	滨州	0.462	0.601	0.139	鹰潭	0.355	0.369	0.014
乌鲁木齐	0.510	0.782	0.271	六盘水	0.348	0.576	0.229	金昌	0.446	0.518	0.072	清远	0.354	0.413	0.059
银川	0.501	0.601	0.101	双鸭山	0.339	0.702	0.363	景德镇	0.412	0.495	0.084	黑河	0.327	0.338	0.012
西宁	0.466	0.895	0.429	乌海	0.317	0.485	0.167	四平	0.412	0.609	0.198	铁岭	0.323	0.355	0.032
呼和浩特	0.368	0.492	0.124	七台河	0.286	0.466	0.180	营口	0.332	0.537	0.205	伊春	0.179	0.212	0.033
均值	0.829	0.867	0.106	均值	0.569	0.823	0.267	平均值	0.688	0.779	0.118	平均值	0.651	0.732	0.082