Sustainability evaluationin of water resources in China based on the perspective of “supply and demand-carrying capacity-asset”
Received date: 2024-08-08
Revised date: 2024-10-12
Online published: 2025-04-09
[Objective] Water resources sustainability change is an important foundation for effective regional water resources management and high-quality economic development. Most of the existing studies focus on water quantity and quality, but the introduction of water value in the context of capitalized management of water resources can make water resources sustainability evaluation more objective and comprehensive, and help to formulate regional differentiated water resources management strategies. [Methods] Based on the three-dimensional perspective of supply and demand-carrying capacity-asset, this study applied the water footprint theory and water resources balance sheet to evaluate the sustainability of water quantity, quality, and value in 31 provinces of China for 2013-2021, explored the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of single-dimensional and three-dimensional water sustainability by using the ArcGIS software and the Moran’s index, and further analyzed the spatial and temporal change of water resources sustainability using the kernel density estimation method. [Results] The study found that: (1) China’s overall water resources sustainability was high and in a three-dimensional sustainable state. The 31 provinces had large inter-provincial differences in water quantity, quality, and value sustainability and showed significant changes over time. (2) The sustainability status of water resources in 31 provinces in China during the period 2013-2021 showed an improving trend, with an overall spatial characteristic of better in the south and worse in the north, and some of the dimensions showed obvious spatial clustering characteristics. Water quantity sustainability was mainly characterized by high-high spatial agglomeration and low-low spatial agglomeration, water quality sustainability was mainly characterized by low-low spatial agglomeration, and water value sustainability had not yet shown obvious agglomeration characteristics. (3) The inter-provincial difference in water sustainability of China was gradually narrowing. The inter-provincial difference in water quantity sustainability was gradually decreasing, and the inter-provincial difference in water quality and water value sustainability showed a trend of increasing first, then decreasing. [Conclusion] China’s future regional water resources management policy should be formulated not only based on water quantity and quality, but also needs to take water value into account. Through targeted policymaking, we can better protect China’s water security, and sustainably support the high-quality development of China’s economy.
PENG Qingling , HE Weijun , KONG Yang , SHEN Juqin . Sustainability evaluationin of water resources in China based on the perspective of “supply and demand-carrying capacity-asset”[J]. Resources Science, 2025 , 47(3) : 512 -525 . DOI: 10.18402/resci.2025.03.07
表1 “量-质-价值”三维水资源可持续状态分类Table 1 Three-dimensional water resources sustainability state classification based on quantity-quality-value |
水量可持续性 | 水质可持续性 | 水价值可持续性 | “量-质-价值”三维 水资源可持续性 | 含义 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 三维可持续(“量-质-价值”) |
1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | 二维可持续(“量-质”) |
1 | -1 | 1 | 1 | 二维可持续(“量-价值”) |
1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 二维不可持续(“质-价值”) |
-1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 二维可持续(“质-价值”) |
-1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 二维不可持续(“量-价值”) |
-1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | 二维不可持续(“量-质”) |
-1 | -1 | -1 | -3 | 三维不可持续(“量-质-价值”) |
表2 2013—2021年中国31个省份水量、水质、水价值可持续性全局莫兰指数Table 2 Global Moran’s I index for the sustainability of water quantity, quality, and value in 31 provinces of China, 2013-2021 |
年份 | 水量可持续性 | 水质可持续性 | 水价值可持续性 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ia | Z(Ia) | P | Ib | Z(Ib) | P | Ic | Z(Ic) | P | |||
2013 | 0.336 | 3.980 | 0.000 | 0.267 | 3.363 | 0.001 | 0.092 | 1.224 | 0.221 | ||
2014 | 0.350 | 4.091 | 0.000 | 0.297 | 3.685 | 0.000 | 0.051 | 0.837 | 0.403 | ||
2015 | 0.357 | 3.966 | 0.000 | 0.322 | 3.646 | 0.000 | 0.043 | 0.742 | 0.458 | ||
2016 | 0.309 | 3.590 | 0.000 | 0.329 | 3.750 | 0.000 | 0.085 | 1.147 | 0.252 | ||
2017 | 0.338 | 4.001 | 0.000 | 0.297 | 3.639 | 0.000 | 0.133 | 1.671 | 0.095 | ||
2018 | 0.332 | 4.004 | 0.000 | 0.279 | 3.537 | 0.000 | 0.100 | 1.314 | 0.189 | ||
2019 | 0.342 | 3.925 | 0.000 | 0.296 | 3.447 | 0.001 | 0.160 | 1.908 | 0.056 | ||
2020 | 0.339 | 3.961 | 0.000 | 0.273 | 3.301 | 0.001 | 0.052 | 0.846 | 0.397 | ||
2021 | 0.280 | 3.530 | 0.000 | 0.202 | 2.760 | 0.006 | 0.073 | 1.053 | 0.293 |
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