基于生命周期评估的海、陆风电系统排放对比
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向宁, 王礼茂, 屈秋实, 熊琛然, 王博
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Comparison of emissions from offshore and onshore wind power systems based on life cycle assessment
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XIANG Ning, WANG Limao, QU Qiushi, XIONG Chenran, WANG Bo
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表1 海上和陆上风电场材料清单
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Table 1 Inventory of materials used in offshore and onshore wind farms
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| 阶段 | 材料 | 重量/t | | 2 MW陆上 | 2 MW海上 | 3 MW陆上 | 3 MW海上 | | 设备制造阶段（风机） | 钢铁 | 192.0 | 168.4 | 265.1 | 186.1 | | 铸铁 | 36.4 | 38.3 | 40.6 | 40.6 | | 玻璃纤维 | 18.4 | 18.8 | 19.8 | 19.8 | | 环氧树脂 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | | 铜 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.4 | | 润滑油 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | | 铝 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | | 聚酯纤维 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | | 设备制造阶段（电缆） | 铝 | 157.0 | 157.0 | 157.0 | 157.0 | | 铜 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | | 高分子聚合物 | 350.0 | 350.0 | 350.0 | 350.0 | | 玻璃纤维 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | | 设备制造阶段（变电站） | 钢铁 | 37.0 | 37.0 | 37.0 | 37.0 | | 铜 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | | 高分子聚合物 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | | 橡胶 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | | 玻璃纤维 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | | 电子设备 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | | 润滑油 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | | 风电场建设和安装 | 碎石 | 939.0 | 192.0 | 939.0 | 192.0 | | 沙子 | 2228.0 | 469.0 | 2228.0 | 469.0 | | 混凝土 | 864.7 | 304.0 | 1164.7 | 404.0 | | 铸铁 | 27.0 | 9.0 | 36.0 | 12.0 | | 钢铁 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 15.1 | 11.0 | | 铝 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.1 | | 铜 | 0.3 | 2.8 | 0.4 | 4.3 | | PVC | 1.7 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 0.0 | | 铅 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 0.0 | 5.0 | | PEX | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.8 | | 维护 | 玻璃纤维 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | | 环氧树脂 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | | 钢铁 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.8 | | 铸铁 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | | 铜 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | | 润滑油 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
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