基于能值的能源投入回报方法及其应用——以大庆油田为例
陈英超, 冯连勇, 王建良

Emergy-based energy return on investment method and its application in Daqing Oilfield
CHEN Yingchao,FENG Lianyong,WANG Jianliang
表4 2001-2012年汽油与柴油的排放标准及硫含量
Table 4 The emissions standards and sulfur content of gasoline and diesel from 2001 to 2012
年份 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
汽油

CO/(g/(kW·h)) 34.00 34.00 17.4 17.40 17.40 17.40 17.40 17.40 9.70 9.70 9.70 9.70
HC/(g/(kW·h)) 4.13 4.13 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 1.64 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.29
NOX/(g/(kW·h)) 9.87 9.87 3.96 3.96 3.96 3.96 3.96 3.96 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.70
S/(ppm) 800 800 800 800 500 500 500 500 500 150 150 150
柴油


CO/(g/(kW·h)) 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50
HC/(g/(kW·h)) 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
NOX/(g/(kW·h)) 9.20 9.20 9.20 9.20 9.20 9.20 9.20 9.20 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00
PM(g/(kW·h)) 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20
S/ppm 10 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 500 500 500 500 500 350 350 350