林业产权、市场环境对农户不同生产环节林业投入的影响——来自集体林改试点省福建林农的调查

doi:10.18402/resci.2018.02.18

Abstract

Abstract:

We surveyed 429 peasant households in Fujian to study the intensity and differences in forestry investments in different production links. We used Tobit model to examine the impact of forest property rights and market environment on forestland investments. We found that as trees have a longer growth cycle, forestland investments in tending link are greater than planting link. The main reform of collective forest tenure has a positive impact on planting and tending links’ investments through stable forest property rights; forestation subsidy can promote the intensity of planting investment and forestry loans improve the intensity of tending investments. In contrast, the difficulty in applying for logging timber has no significant effect on planting and tending links’ investments. The rigid demand for labor at the planting link has led to the employer price of forestry positively affecting forestland investments in planting link. The lease price of forestland in market environment has negative impact on tending link investment, however, the timber market price has no obvious effect on planting and tending investments. Therefore, in order to mobilize the investment enthusiasm of farmers to increase the volume of collective forest and realize the international commitment of National Independent Contribution, we suggest that government further implements the main reform of collective forest tenure to improve the stability of forest property rights, promote forest tending subsidy, strengthen the forestry loan supporting dynamics and coverage, crack down on the price monopoly of abnormal means, promote fair competition in the timber market, and cultivate a healthy and vibrant forestry market environment.

Key words: forest property rights, market environment, production link, forestry investment, collective forest tenure reform pilot province, Fujian

Yang YANG, Hua LI, Caixia XUE, Rui HUANG. Impact of forest property rights and market environment on peasant household forestry investments in different production links in Fujian[J].Resources Science, 2018, 40(2): 427-438.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Table 2

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Figure 1

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Table 5

Table 6

References 34

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变量名称	赋值说明	均值	标准差	最小值	最大值
因变量
单位种植投入/（元/hm²）	（种苗费用+雇工费用+自家用工折价）/林地投入面积	4 226.40	4 467.15	60.30	50 247.60
单位抚育投入/（元/hm²）	（化肥费用+雇工费用+自家用工折价）/林地投入面积	6 284.10	6 339.75	0	68 472.90
林业产权主体改革（2005年）种植环节抚育环节采伐指标造林补贴林业贷款	种植环节投入时间在林改后=1,林改前=0 抚育环节投入时间在林改后=1,林改前=0 采伐指标是否容易申请：容易=1,难=0 是否得到造林补贴：是=1,否=0 是否得到林业贷款：是=1,否=0	0.86 0.93 0.71 0.38 0.13	0.35 0.26 0.45 0.48 0.34	0 0 0 0 0	1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
市场环境木材市场价格/（元/m³）	农户得知的杉木市场价格	1 002.68	111.99	550	1 300.00
林地租赁价格/（元/（hm²·年））林业雇工价格/（元/天）	农户租赁林地的价格农户雇工的平均价格	439.80 94.98	313.05 33.24	15 20	1 500.00 267.14
控制变量户主年龄/岁	户主实际年龄	52.61	9.25	28	80.00
户主文化程度/年村干部	户主实际受教育年限户主是否（曾）任村干部：是=1,否=0	7.71 0.48	3.35 0.50	0 0	16.00 1.00
林业经营模式	自主经营=1,联户经营=0	0.85	0.36	0	1.00
林地投入面积/hm²	农户家庭投入林地总面积	11.90	36.22	0.02	373.34
非农收入/万元	2015年家庭非农收入	8.92	24.43	0	300.00
社会关系	7类社会关系指标平均值	3.59	0.47	2.86	5.00
地区变量
三明	三明=1,其他=0	0.47	0.50	0	1.00
龙岩	龙岩=1,其他=0	0.21	0.41	0	1.00

重点林改地区的样本县	三明			南平			龙岩
重点林改地区的样本县	沙县		尤溪	永安	建瓯	顺昌	漳平	永定^1）
样本量	71	62	68	70	67		59	32
所占比例/%	16.55	14.45	15.85	16.32	15.62		13.75	7.46

变量		有种植有抚育			有种植无抚育
变量		样本量	均值	标准差	样本量	均值	标准差
因变量	种植投入	410	4 145.25	4 258.80	19	5 977.20	7 681.35
	抚育投入	410	6 575.25	6 335.55	19	0.00	0.00
林业产权	主体改革	410	0.93	0.26	19	0.84	0.37
	采伐指标	410	0.71	0.45	19	0.63	0.50
	造林补贴	410	0.38	0.48	19	0.37	0.50
	林业贷款	410	0.14	0.35	19	0.00	0.00
市场环境	木材市场价格	410	1 003.85	111.72	19	977.37	117.89
	林地租赁价格	410	439.05	310.05	19	457.05	379.35
	林业雇工价格	410	94.73	33.12	19	100.31	36.25

变量	种植环节投入				抚育环节投入
变量	系数		标准误	t值	系数	标准误	t值
林业产权主体改革种植环节抚育环节采伐指标造林补贴林业贷款	0.212 8* 0.056 2 0.172 0* 0.071 7	0.120 3 0.085 2 0.090 8 0.130 7	1.77 0.66 1.89 0.55		0.781 4 0.203 9 - 0.473 9*	0.348 0 0.177 2 - 0.176 6	2.25 1.15 - 2.68
				市场环境木材市场价格（ln）林地租赁价格（ln）林业雇工价格（ln）				-0.157 6 -0.022 5 0.419 6***	0.300 9 0.056 4 0.112 7	-0.52 -0.40 3.72		-0.093 9 -0.167 4* -0.038 0	0.674 1 0.091 0 0.201 8	-0.14 -1.84 -0.19
				控制变量户主年龄（ln）户主文化程度村干部林业经营模式林地投入面积（ln）非农收入（ln）社会关系				-0.095 5 -0.012 7 0.006 7 0.057 9 -0.191 6*** 0.016 3* -0.000 1	0.243 8 0.013 7 0.079 3 0.106 7 0.030 2 0.009 5 0.027 7	-0.39 -0.92 0.08 0.54 -6.35 1.72 -0.00		-0.084 7 0.038 5* -0.358 8 -0.244 6 -0.170 7* -0.027 4* 0.031 2	0.444 1 0.023 1 0.157 5 0.209 8 0.060 1 0.016 2 0.053 5	-0.19 1.67 -2.28 -1.17 -2.84 -1.69 0.58
地区变量三明龙岩
地区变量三明龙岩	0.225 1 -0.303 5	0.093 1 0.147 4	2.42 -2.06			-0.045 5 -0.690 3**	0.197 3 0.287 8				-0.23 -2.40
常数项	5.171 0**	2.344 2	2.21			7.248 1	4.889 8				1.48
F值	9.080 0***					3.240 0***
Log pseudolikelihood	-485.519 1					-786.857 4
样本量	429					429

变量		系数	标准误	t值
林业产权	主体改革	0.438 6***	0.155 8	2.81
	采伐指标	0.117 0	0.089 5	1.31
	造林补贴	0.076 4	0.083 9	0.91
	林业贷款	0.257 0	0.126 0	2.04
市场环境	木材市场价格	-0.192 0	0.325 3	-0.59
	林地租赁价格	-0.089 3*	0.050 2	-1.78
	林业雇工价格	0.285 5***	0.104 9	2.72
控制变量		有
地区变量		有
F值		9.60***
Log pseudolikelihood		-475.191 4
样本量		429

Impact of forest property rights and market environment on peasant household forestry investments in different production links in Fujian

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变量	种植环节投入				抚育环节投入
变量	系数	标准误	t值		系数	标准误	t值
林业产权主体改革种植环节抚育环节采伐指标造林补贴林业贷款	0.224 2* 0.049 3 0.167 4* 0.124 4	0.133 9 0.092 3 0.100 1 0.142 3	1.67 0.53 1.67 0.87		0.968 4 0.184 6 - 0.618 3*	0.410 8 0.193 9 - 0.191 6	2.36 0.95 - 3.23
				市场环境木材市场价格（ln）林地租赁价格（ln）林业雇工价格（ln）				-0.484 9 -0.012 0 0.427 8***	0.309 3 0.062 4 0.124 7	-1.57 -0.19 3.43	-0.787 4 -0.219 4** -0.021 7	0.622 0 0.103 4 0.228 7	-1.27 -2.12 -0.09
				控制变量				有			有
地区变量	有				有
F值	7.480 0***				3.330 0***
Log pseudolikelihood	-419.038 0				-671.349 0
样本量	365				365