城市居民低碳行为认知失调的成因——“知识—行为”的双中介模型

doi:10.18402/resci.2019.05.08

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the reasons that urban residents’ attitude are not matched by their actions and promote the implementation of low-carbon behavior, this empirical research examined what kind of low-carbon knowledge is more conducive to residents’ low-carbon behavior. First, low-carbon knowledge was classified as system knowledge, action knowledge, and effective knowledge. Then, by extending the knowledge-attitude-behavior theory and introducing low-carbon capability (LCC) as a variable on the basis of low-carbon intention (LCI), a dual mediation model for the mechanism of low-carbon knowledge on low carbon behavior was established. Finally, 1339 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed using structural equation model. A multiple group analysis was used to test the moderating effect of demographics. The results indicate that: (1) The difference of mechanism between the three types of low-carbon knowledge and low-carbon behaviors is one of the reasons that why urban residents’ attitude are not matched by their actions. LCI and LCC have significant moderating effects on the relationship between system knowledge and residents’ low-carbon behavior. Meanwhile, action knowledge can directly influence two kinds of low carbon behaviors or affect them indirectly through LCI. LCI is not affected by effective knowledge, but effective knowledge indirectly drives two kinds of low-carbon behaviors through LCC. (2) LCI driven by low-carbon knowledge is more often transformed into low-carbon purchasing behavior, while LCC is more often affected by low-carbon habitual behavior. Therefore, in order to form a long-term mechanism of low-carbon consumption and reduce the “rebound effect” of energy efficiency improvement, it is necessary to pay attention to the cultivation of low-carbon capability. (3) Gender, marital status, age, education level, and personal monthly disposable income have significant moderating effects on the relationship between action knowledge and two types of low-carbon behaviors. Relevant government agencies need to guide and promote the integration of knowledge and behavior among residents in low-carbon comsumption according to the mechanism of different low-carbon knowledge.

Key words: low-carbon knowledge, low-carbon behavior, low-carbon intention, low-carbon capability, structural equation model, cognitive dissonance

Lingyun MI, Jinqiu CONG, Chaoqiong DING, Lijie QIAO, Ting XU. Why urban residents’ deeds do not match their attitude?A dual mediation model of knowledge-behavior in low-carbon consumption[J].Resources Science, 2019, 41(5): 908-918.

Figures/Tables 5

Figure 1

Table 1

Table 2

Figure 2

Table 3

References 54

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人口统计变量	项目	人数	百分比/%	人口统计变量	项目	人数	百分比/%
性别	男	783	58.4	受教育水平	初中及以下	39	2.9
性别	女	556	41.6		高中、中专或技校	98	7.4
年龄/岁	≤20	8	0.6		大专或本科	759	56.7
	21~30	553	41.3	研究生（硕士或博士）		441	32.9
	31~40	461	34.4	缺失		2	0.1
	41~50	245	18.3	职业类型	政府部门工作人员	112	8.4
	51~60	56	4.2		一般工人或服务人员	182	13.6
	>60	15	1.1		企业管理人员	406	30.3
	缺失	1	0.1		工程技术人员	198	14.8
婚姻状况	已婚	939	70.1		科教和环卫领域的人员	219	16.4
	未婚	383	28.6		退休及家庭主妇		40	3.0
	缺失	17	1.3	其他		176	13.1
				缺失	6	0.4

变量	测量指标	因子载荷	Cronbach’s α
系统知识（SK）	CO₂等温室气体的过度排放是全球气候变暖的主要原因之一	0.794	0.881
	“低碳经济”是一种以“低排放、低能耗、低污染”为特征的经济发展模式	0.865
	煤、石油、天然气等的大量消耗使大气中的CO₂浓度不断上升	0.871
行动知识（AK）	频繁开关冰箱门,会增加冰箱的耗电量	0.875	0.848
行动知识（AK）	家电处于待机模式依然耗电	0.844	0.848
效力知识（EK）	住宅门窗使用双层玻璃或中空玻璃,比用普通玻璃更节能	0.801	0.778
效力知识（EK）	节能灯比白炽灯省电60%~80%	0.798	0.778
低碳意愿（LCI）	今后,我会注意电器不用时关掉电源,而不是让其待机	0.647	0.805
	明年,我也会参加“地球一小时”的全球熄灯一小时活动	0.825
	我愿意成为社区的低碳节能宣传志愿者	0.826
低碳能力（LCC）	对于低碳节能的新知识,我很快就知道该如何应用	0.833	0.844
	对别人介绍的低碳节能小窍门,我能很好地应用于自己的生活当中	0.875
	我会自己开发出一些可以节能减排的生活小窍门	0.742
低碳习惯行为（LCHB）	离开房间时,随手关灯	0.603	0.638
	家电不使用的时候,主动关闭电源（关掉开关）	0.740
	使用空调时,夏季温度设定不低于26℃,冬季温度设定在不高于20℃,以节约用电	0.523
低碳购买行为（LCPB）	根据能耗等级购买节能家电	0.636	0.604
	在住宅的装饰、装修中,尽量选择节能环保型材料	0.559
	在购买住宅时,我很看中有低碳节能设计的（如集中采暖、自然采光通风等）	0.531

群组	性别		婚否		学历		年龄		收入
群组	男	女	已婚	未婚	低学历	高学历	年轻人	年长者	低收入	高收入
AK-LCHB	0.222***	0.055*	0.187***	0.018*	0.317*	0.106***	0.117*	0.204*	0.067*	0.198***
AK-LCPB	0.267***	0.109*	0.180**	0.244*	0.260*	0.179*	0.165**	0.189*	0.199*	0.176**

Why urban residents’ deeds do not match their attitude?A dual mediation model of knowledge-behavior in low-carbon consumption

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