祁连山高寒山区降水观测网络及其数据应用

doi:10.18402/resci.2020.10.15

Abstract

Abstract:

Precipitation is the fundamental replenishment source of surface and groundwater resources, which directly affects the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources and the distribution and development of mountainous cryosphere. The alpine region of the Qilian Mountains is an area of large amounts of precipitation and runoff. The characteristics of precipitation are greatly affected by topography. However, the existing precipitation observation network cannot reasonably reflect the changes of precipitation on the vertical topographic gradient. To determine how the spatial and temporal change of precipitation affects the hydrological and ecological processes of the alpine mountains, it is necessary to observe the changes of precipitation pattern and type from the vertical gradient of the catchment. This article summarized the gridded, stepped, and automated precipitation observation network in the alpine region of the Qilian Mountains. The network is formed by the Geonor T-200BM3 weighing-type all weather precipitation gauges. A precipitation calibration system is also built in the Aug-one Glacier periglacial area, which is based on the Double Fenced Intercomparison Reference (DFIR) recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). In the Aug-one Glacier region, a preliminary analysis of precipitation datasets was conducted, and the applicability of GPM and TRMM precipitation datasets in the Qilian Mountains was evaluated using observational data. The development of this network is important for an in-depth understanding of the changes of rain, snow, and water vapor at different elevations, and minute division of the evaluation of precipitation resources in the alpine mountains. This network provides methods and data products for the comprehensive observation and evaluation of precipitation resources across China.

Key words: precipitation observation network, weighing-type gauge, Qilian Mountains, alpine mountains, Aug-one Glacier, TRMM, GPM, data application

HAN Chuntan, WANG Lei, CHEN Rensheng, LIU Zhangwen, LIU Junfeng, YANG Yong, LV Hanqin. Precipitation observation network and its data application in the alpine region of Qilian Mountains[J].Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1987-1997.

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站名	经度/°E	纬度/° N	海拔/m	位置描述
BYDFIR	98.88	39.01	4650	八一冰川DFIR
BY1	98.88	39.01	4650	八一冰川1
BY2	98.82	39.01	4450	八一冰川2
BY3	98.80	38.97	4145	八一冰川3
BY4	98.81	38.89	3850	八一冰川4
HCH	101.76	37.71	3565	皇城
HLGX1	99.85	38.24	3725	葫芦沟西1
HLGX2	99.85	38.23	4055	葫芦沟西2
HLGX3	99.86	38.22	4315	葫芦沟西3
STG1	99.89	38.28	3190	石头沟1
STG2	99.88	38.29	3510	石头沟2
STG3	99.88	38.30	3840	石头沟3
STG4	99.89	38.33	4070	石头沟4
STG5	99.89	38.35	4400	石头沟5
JYL	101.11	37.84	3845	景阳岭
KKL	99.27	38.28	4160	柯柯里
NCYK	101.87	37.54	4050	宁缠垭口
SULI1	98.32	38.47	3890	苏里
SULI2	97.96	38.77	3635	苏里
SNYK	99.48	38.61	4200	肃南垭口
YL	98.75	38.79	4155	央隆
ARYK	100.66	38.09	4020	宁缠垭口
BYG	100.27	38.27	3895	白杨沟

		3 h	6 h	12 h	1 d	2 d	5 d	10 d	15 d	1 m
总样本	样本量	980	574	335	199	126	61	34	23	12
	p<0.01样本占比/%	0.20	0.70	0.60	1.01	0.79	1.64	0	0	0
	p<0.05样本占比/%	6.43	6.45	5.97	6.03	6.35	3.28	11.76	13.04	16.67
春季	样本量	274	152	86	53	34	16	8	6	3
	p<0.01样本占比/%	0.36	0.66	1.16	1.89	2.94	6.25	0	0	0
	p<0.05样本占比/%	6.57	6.58	3.49	9.43	5.88	6.25	12.50	33.33	33.33
夏季	样本量	420	244	144	81	43	17	6	6	3
	p<0.01样本占比/%	0.24	0.82	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	p<0.05样本占比/%	5.71	4.92	6.25	4.94	6.98	5.88	0	0	0
秋季	样本量	180	107	63	40	28	16	10	6	3
	p<0.01样本占比/%	0	0.93	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	p<0.05样本占比/%	6.67	7.48	11.11	7.50	10.71	12.50	10.00	16.67	33.33
冬季	样本量	106	71	40	25	19	12	10	6	3
	p<0.01样本占比/%	0	0	2.50	4.00	0	0	0	0	0
	p<0.05样本占比/%	0	9.86	2.50	0	5.26	0	20.00	0	0

Precipitation observation network and its data application in the alpine region of Qilian Mountains

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