Resources Science ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1849-1859.doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.10.03
Previous Articles Next Articles
LIU Xiaohuang1(), LIU Xiaojie2(
), CHENG Shubo3, GAO Xuemin4, YUN Wenju5, FU Yujia6
Received:
2020-06-04
Revised:
2020-08-07
Online:
2020-10-25
Published:
2020-12-25
Contact:
LIU Xiaojie
E-mail:liuxh19972004@163.com;liuxj@igsnrr.ac.cn
LIU Xiaohuang, LIU Xiaojie, CHENG Shubo, GAO Xuemin, YUN Wenju, FU Yujia. Construction of a national natural resources comprehensive observation system and key technologies[J].Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1849-1859.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks
Table 1
Typical international and national field observation networks"
观测尺度 | 国家或组织 | 开始年份 | 站网名称 | 观测(监测)内容 |
---|---|---|---|---|
区域尺度 | 英国 | 1843 | 洛桑试验站 | 土壤肥力、肥料效益 |
美国 | 1933 | Andrews生态试验站、Hubbard Brook 试验站、Coweeta水文实验室 | 生态系统 | |
美国 | 2000 | 美国国家生态观测站网络(NEON) | 生态环境 | |
国家尺度 | 德国 | 1980 | 森林资源调查和监测 | 森林资源 |
英国 | 1990 | 环境变化研究监测网络(ECN) | 生态环境 | |
全球尺度 | 联合国粮农组织 | 1996 | 全球陆地观测系统(GTOS) | 生态、冰川、水文和永冻土 |
世界气象组织、日本、美国等 | 1992 | 全球气候观测系统(GCOS) | 气候、水文循环、冰川、陆地永冻带 | |
政府间海洋学委员会、世界气象组织、国际科学联合会理事会和联合国环境规划署 | 1996 | 全球海洋观测系统(GOOS) | 海洋环境现状与未来状态 | |
美国国家科学基金 | 1993 | 国际长期生态观测研究网络(ILTER) | 生态现象 |
Table 2
Typical field observation networks in China"
观测网名称 | 建设单位 | 观测点(站)数量/个 | 主要观测内容 | 定位 |
---|---|---|---|---|
气象监测站网 | 国家气候信息中心 | 41636 | 气象 | 业务网 |
水文监测站网(地下水) | 中国地质调查局 | 10168 | 水文 | 业务网 |
水文监测站网(地表水) | 环境监测院 | 由水文站6700余、水位站12000余、雨量站51000余、报汛站51000余组成 | 水文 | 业务网 |
水土保持监测网 | 水利部门 | 175 | 不同水土流失类型区 | 业务网 |
国家土壤肥力和肥料效益监测网 | 农业部门 | 9 | 不同温带的农业区土壤肥力 | 业务网 |
国家土壤环境监测网 | 生态环境部门和农业部门 | 由生态环境部38880个、农业农村部40061个和自然资源部1000个监测点位组成 | 不同类型土壤 | 业务网 |
中国数字地震台网 | 地震局 | 152 | 不同地震带和区域的地震监测 | 业务网 |
中国生态系统研究网络(简称生态网) | 中国科学院 | 54 | 生态类型 | 科研网 |
中国荒漠-草地生态系统观测研究野外站联盟 | 中国科学院、林业部门、教育和农业部门 | 30 | 荒漠化、石漠化生态系统和水土流失治理 | 科研网 |
黑河流域地表过程综合观测网 | 北京师范大学和中国科学院 | 11 | 黑河流域地表过程 | 科研网 |
高寒区地表过程与环境观测研究网络(简称高寒网) | 中国科学院 | 17 | 高寒区地表过程与环境变化 | 科研网 |
日地空间环境观测研究网络 | 中国科学院 | 9 | 地球空间环境中涉及的磁层、电离层、中高层大气以及地球磁场与重力场 | 科研网 |
地球物理观测台网 | 中国科学院 | 由专业地球物理站500余、地方站约500个组成 | 重力、地磁、测震、大地电场 | 科研网 |
全国材料环境腐蚀试验网站 | 中国科学院 | 46 | 大气、海水、土壤腐蚀试验 | 科研网 |
区域大气本底观测研究网络 | 中国科学院 | 10 | 大气本底 | 科研网 |
中国陆地生态系统通量观测研究网络 | 中国科学院 | 79 | 陆地生态系统与大气间CO2、水汽、能量通量的日、季节、年际变化观测研究 | 科研网 |
中国物候观测网络 | 中国科学院 | 39 | 植被类型区植物、动物和气象水文等物候现象 | 科研网 |
中国森林生态系统定位研究网络 | 林业部门 | 192 | 森林、草原生态系统观测研究 | 科研网 |
[1] | 陆成宽. 自然资源要素综合观测体系开建[EB/OL]. (2019-12-18) [2020-06-01]. http://www.mnr.gov.cn/dt/mtsy/201912/t20191218_2490347.html. |
[ Lu C K. Construction of a Comprehensive Observation System for Natural Resource Elements[EB/OL]. (2019-12-18) [2020-06-01]. http://www.mnr.gov.cn/dt/mtsy/201912/t20191218_2490347.html.] | |
[2] | 中华人民共和国科学技术部. 国家野外科学观测研究站管理办法[EB/OL]. (2018-07-03) [2020-06-01]. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2018/content_5346686.htm. |
[ Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China. The Measures for the Administration of the National Wild Scientific Observation Station[EB/OL]. (2018-07-03) [2020-06-01]. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2018/content_5346686.htm.] | |
[3] | 自然资源部. 关于印发自然资源科技创新发展规划纲要的通知[EB/OL]. (2018-10-16) [2020-06-01]. http://gimnr.gov.cn/201811/t20181113_2358751.html. |
[ Ministry of Natural Resources. Notice on Issuing the Outline of the Natural Resources Science and Technology Innovation Development Plan[EB/OL]. (2018-10-16) [2020-06-01]. http://gi.mnr.gov.cn/201811/t20181113_2358751.html.] | |
[4] | 高春东, 何洪林. 野外科学观测研究站发展潜力大应予高度重视[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2019,34(3):344-348. |
[ Gao C D, He H L. Great importance should be attached to development potential of field scientific observation and research[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019,34(3):344-348.] | |
[5] |
Zhou G Y, Liu S G, Li Z A, et al. Old-growth forests can accumulate carbon in soils[J]. Science, 2006,314(5804):1417.
doi: 10.1126/science.1130168 pmid: 17138894 |
[6] | Fang J Y, Yu G R, Liu L L, et al. Climate change, human impacts, and carbon sequestration in China[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of sciences, 2018,115(16):4015-4020. |
[7] | Tang X L, Zhao X, Bai Y F, et al. Carbon pools in China’s terrestrial ecosystems: New estimates based on an intensive field survey[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2018,115(16):4021-4026. |
[8] | 张文驹. 自然资源一级分类[J]. 中国国土资源经济, 2019,32(1):4-14. |
[ Zhang W J. The classification for natural resources[J]. Natural Resource Economics of China, 2019,32(1):4-14.] | |
[9] | 沈镭, 张红丽, 钟帅, 等. 新时代下中国自然资源安全的战略思考[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018,33(5):721-734. |
[ Shen L, Zhang H L, Zhong S, et al. Strategic thinking on the security of natural resources of China in the new era[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2018,33(5):721-734.] | |
[10] | 封志明. 资源科学的研究对象、学科体系与建设途径[J]. 自然资源学报, 2003,18(6):742-752. |
[ Feng Z M. Research object, discipline system and development approaches of resource science[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2003,18(6):742-752.] | |
[11] | 傅伯杰, 牛栋, 于贵瑞. 生态系统观测研究网络在地球系统科学中的作用[J]. 地理科学进展, 2007,26(1):1-16. |
[ Fu B J, Niu D, Yu G R. The roles of ecosystem observation and research network in earth system science[J]. Progress in Geography, 2007,26(1):1-16.] | |
[12] | 郝娟娟. 中国自然资源禀赋与经济发展关系研究[D]. 北京: 中央财经大学, 2015. |
[ Hao J J. Research on the Relationship between Chinese Natural Resources Endowment and Economic Development, with the Discussing Theory of “Resource Curse”[D]. Beijing: Central University of Finance and Economics, 2015.] | |
[13] | 沈镭, 钟帅, 胡纾寒. 全球变化下资源利用的挑战与展望[J]. 资源科学, 2018,40(1):1-10. |
[ Shen L, Zhong S, Hu S H. Resource utilization under global change: Challenges and outlook[J]. Resources Science, 2018,40(1):1-10.] | |
[14] | 中共中央文献研究室. 习近平关于社会主义生态文明建设论述摘编[M]. 北京: 中央文献出版社, 2017. |
[ Literature Research Office of the CPC Central Committee. Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Statement on the Construction of Socialist Ecological Civilization[M]. Beijing: Central Party Literature Press, 2017.] | |
[15] | 周璞, 侯华丽, 刘天科. 我国矿产资源综合区划模型与实证研究[J]. 中国矿业, 2016,25(S2):115-119. |
[ Zhou P, Hou H L, Liu T K. Model and empirical study on comprehensive regionalization of mineral resources in China[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2016,25(S2):115-119.] | |
[16] | 陆泗进, 王业耀, 何立环. 中国土壤环境调查、评价与监测[J]. 中国环境监测, 2014,30(6):19-26. |
[ Lu S J, Wang Y Y, He L H. Soil environmental quality survey and monitoring in China[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2014,30(6):19-26.] | |
[17] |
Teng Y G, Wu J, Lu S J, et al. Soil and soil environmental quality monitoring in China: A review[J]. Environment International, 2014,69:177-199.
doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.014 pmid: 24875802 |
[18] | 殷守强, 王鑫, 贺文龙, 等. 耕地质量监测中不同抽样方法的精度比较: 以河北省黄骅市为例[J]. 资源科学, 2016,38(11):2049-2057. |
[ Yin S Q, Wang X, He W L, et al. Comparison of precision among different sampling methods in cultivated land quality monitoring: A case study of Huanghua City in Hebei Province, China[J]. Resources Science, 2016,38(11):2049-2057.] | |
[19] | 谢志宜, 罗小玲, 郭庆荣, 等. 耕地土壤环境质量监测网最优网格尺度识别研究: 以珠三角耕地土壤镉为例[J]. 生态环境学报, 2015,24(9):1519-1525. |
[ Xie Z Y, Luo X L, Guo Q R, et al. Identify optimal grid scale on soil environmental quality monitoring network as an example of Cadmium in the Pearl River Delta[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2015,24(9):1519-1525.] | |
[20] | 黄秉維. 中国综合自然区划草案[J]. 科学通报, 1959,4(18):594-602. |
[ Huang B W. China’s comprehensive natural zoning draft[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1959,4(18):594-602.] | |
[21] | 吴征镒. 中国植被[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1980. |
[ Wu Z Y. Chinese Vegetation[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1980.] | |
[22] | 江泽平, 王豁然, 吴中伦. 论北美洲木本植物资源与中国林木引种的关系[J]. 地理学报, 1997,64(2):169-176. |
[ Jiang Z P, Wang H R, Wu Z L. North American trees grown in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1997,64(2):169-176.] | |
[23] | 郑度, 欧阳, 周成虎. 对自然地理区划方法的认识与思考[J]. 地理学报, 2008,63(6):563-573. |
[ Zheng D, Ou Y, Zhou C H. Understanding of and thinking over geographical regionalization methodology[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2008,63(6):563-573.] | |
[24] | 中华人民共和国生态环境部. 关于加强国家重点生态功能区环境保护和管理的意见[EB/OL]. (2013-01-22) [2020-06-01]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bwj/201302/t20130201_245861.htm. |
[ Ministry of Ecological Environment of the People’s of Republic China. Opinions on Strengthening the Environmental Protection and Management of National Key Ecological Function Zones[EB/OL] . (2013-01-22) [2020-06-01]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bwj/201302/t20130201_245861.htm.] | |
[25] | 中华人民共和国生态环境部. 生物多样性保护热点问题[EB/OL]. (2010-01-14) [2020-06-01]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/home/ztbd/swdyx/2010sdn/sdzhsh/201001/t20100114_184310.shtml. |
[ Ministry of Ecological Environment of the People’s of Republic China. Hot Issues of Biodiversity Conservation[EB/OL]. (2010-01-14) [2020-06-01]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/home/ztbd/swdyx/2010sdn/sdzhsh/201001/t20100114_184310.shtml.] | |
[26] | 姚荣江, 杨劲松, 姜龙. 黄河三角洲土壤盐分空间变异性与合理采样数研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2006,20(6):89-94. |
[ Yao R J, Yang J S, Jiang L. Study on spatial variability and appropriate sampling quantity of soil salinity in Yellow River Delta[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006,20(6):89-94.] | |
[27] | 樊燕, 刘洪斌, 武伟. 土壤重金属污染现状评价及其合理采样数的研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2008, (2):369-374. |
[ Fan Y, Liu H B, Wu W. Evaluation to soil heavy metals’ pollution and the study of reasonable sampling number[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2008, (2):369-374.] | |
[28] | 阎波杰, 潘瑜春, 赵春江. 区域土壤重金属空间变异及合理采样数确定[J]. 农业工程学报, 2008,24(S2):260-264. |
[ Yan B J, Pan Y C, Zhao C J. Spatial variability and reasonable sampling number of regional soil heavy metals[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2008,24(S2):260-264.] | |
[29] |
Mcgrath D, Zhang C, Carton O T. Geostatistical analyses and hazard assessment on soil lead in silvermines area, Ireland[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2004,127(2):239-248.
doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.07.002 pmid: 14568723 |
[30] | 谢云峰, 杜平, 曹云者, 等. 基于地统计条件模拟的土壤重金属污染范围预测方法研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2015,37(1):1-6. |
[ Xie Y F, Du P, Cao Y Z. Estimating the area of heavy metal contaminated soil using geostatistical conditional simulation[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2015,37(1):1-6.] | |
[31] | Lu A X, Wang J H, Qin X Y, et al. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and origin of heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunyi, Beijing, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2012,425(3):66-74. |
[32] | 王圣伟, 冯娟, 刘刚, 等. 多嵌套空间尺度农田土壤重金属空间变异研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2013,44(6):128-135. |
[ Wang S W, Feng J, Liu G, et al. Multi-nesting spatial scales of soil heavy metals in farmland[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2013,44(6):128-135.] | |
[33] | 郭澎涛, 李茂芬, 罗微, 等. 基于多源环境变量和随机森林的橡胶园土壤全氮含量预测[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015,31(5):194-202. |
[ Guo P T, Li M F, Luo W, et al. Prediction of soil total nitrogen for rubber plantation at regional scale based on environmental variables and random forest approach[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015,31(5):194-202.] | |
[34] | 王劲峰. 空间抽样与统计推断[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009. |
[ Wang J F. Spatial Data Analysis Tutorial[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2009.] | |
[35] | 王劲峰, 廖一兰, 刘鑫. 空间数据分析教程[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010. |
[ Wang J F, Liao Y L, Liu X. Spatial Data Analysis Tutorial[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2010.] | |
[36] | Wang J F, Haining R, Liu T J, et al. Sandwich estimation for multi-unit reporting on a stratified heterogeneous surface[J]. Environment and Planning A, 2013,45(10):2515-2534. |
[37] | Ma A H, Wang J F, Zhang K L. Sampling survey of heavy metal in soil using SSSI[J]. International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information, 2012,38(2):191-196. |
[38] | Lv J S, Liu Y, Zhang Z L, et al. Identifying the origins and spatial distributions of heavy metals in soils of Ju Country (Eastern China) using multivariate and geostatistical approach[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2015,15(1):163-178. |
[39] | 张榆霞, 李宝磊, 施择, 等. 山区土壤重金属空间插值性能的改进[J]. 中国环境监测, 2014,30(5):96-100. |
[ Zhang Y X, Li B L, Shi Z, et al. The research on the spatial interpolation of heavy metals in soil by using an improved neural networks[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2014,30(5):96-100.] | |
[40] | 袁旭东, 武泽江, 凌鑫. 土地利用与管理形势观测指标体系研究[J]. 国土资源科技管理, 2010,27(3):61-66. |
[ Yuan X D, Wu Z J, Ling X. A research on observation index of land use and management situation[J]. Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources, 2010,27(3):61-66.] | |
[41] | 陈思源, 张波, 曲福田. GIS支持下的城市地价动态监测体系建立方法初探: 以江苏省镇江市为例[J]. 资源科学, 2005,27(6):65-70. |
[ Chen S Y, Zhang B, Qu F T. Methodology for establishment of urban land price monitoring systems based on GIS: Taking Zhenjiang City of Jiangsu Province as an example[J]. Resources Science, 2005,27(6):65-70.] | |
[42] | 李倩. 中国将构建自然资源统一调查监测体系[J]. 国土资源, 2018,35(8):14-15. |
[ Li Q. China will establish a unified survey and monitoring system for natural resources[J]. Land Resources, 2018,35(8):14-15.] | |
[43] | 严竞新, 殷小庆, 陈骏, 等. 自然资源调查与监测标准现状分析[J]. 测绘标准化, 2019,35(4):1-4. |
[ Yan J X, Yin X Q, Chen J, et al. Analysis of the developments of standards for natural resources investigation and monitoring[J]. Standardization of Surveying and Mapping, 2019,35(4):1-4.] |
[1] | WANG Yuge, MENG Quanxing, CHEN Bingpu. Impact of forest land tenure security on the circulation of ecological forest land:From the perspective of endowment effect and security perception [J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(1): 161-170. |
[2] | Abudureheman· Abudikeranmu, SHI Xiaoping, RAO Fangping, ZHOU Yuepeng, MA Xianlei. Tenure integrity, security, and farmland transfer under the background of “three rights separation”: Based on farmers’ perception of land tenure [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(9): 1643-1656. |
[3] | LUO Yi, MIAO Haimin, HUANG Dong, WU Laping, ZHU Junfeng. Household decisions on adoption of advanced storage facilities and impacts on maize storage volume and losses in China [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(9): 1777-1787. |
[4] | WU Qiaosheng, ZHOU Na, CHENG Jinhua. A review and prospects of the supply security of strategic key minerals [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(8): 1439-1451. |
[5] | GE Jianping, LIU Jiaqi. International comparison of critical mineral strategies: Historical evolution and tool selection [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(8): 1464-1476. |
[6] | ZHONG Meirui, SONG Wanting. Impact of strategic metal price shocks on industrial output:Time-varying analysis based on the TVP-FAVAR model [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(8): 1580-1591. |
[7] | YANG Yu, HE Ze. China’s overseas oil and gas dependence: Situation, geographical risks, and countermeasures [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(8): 1614-1629. |
[8] | LAN Man, LIN Aiwen, JIN Tian, LUO Liting. Quantitative analysis of knowledge maps of natural resources accounting and assessment research in China based on CiteSpace [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(4): 621-635. |
[9] | ZHAO Weiwei, BAI Yongxiu. Corruption in the exploitation of natural resources and effect of institution [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(2): 251-261. |
[10] | SUN Xingli, LIU Xiaohuang, LIU Xiaojie, GAO Juan, ZHU Zhangliu, ZHENG Wenyi. Classification system of natural resources for integrated management [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1860-1869. |
[11] | ZHANG Haiyan, FAN Jiangwen, HUANG Lin, TANG Yulei, YUE Ying, YANG Yu, LIU Xiaohuang. Theories and technical methods for the comprehensive regionalization of natural resources in China [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1870-1882. |
[12] | ZHANG He, WANG Shaoqiang, WANG Liang, CHENG Shubo, JIANG Zhenglong, ZHANG Zifan. Discussion on the indicator system of comprehensive observation of natural resource elements [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1883-1899. |
[13] | JIANG Zhenglong, WANG Bing, JIANG Lingxiu, CHEN Ying, LIU Jiufen, REN Yongji, ZHANG He. Zonal division of natural resources in the coastal zone of China [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1900-1910. |
[14] | GAO Bingbo, WANG Jinfeng, HU Maogui, XU Chengdong, LIU Huilan, ZHOU Chenghu. Optimization of integrated observation station layout for terrestrial surface natural resources [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1911-1920. |
[15] | LIU Jiufen, GAO Yang, FENG Xin, XUE Yanping, HE Haiyang, LAI Ming, DAI Xin. Construction of the quality management system for comprehensive observation of natural resources [J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1944-1952. |
|