森林体验教育活动对城市公众环境负责任行为的影响

doi:10.18402/resci.2020.03.16

Abstract

Abstract:

Global sustainable development and China’s ecological civilization education put forward higher requirements for stimulating public environmental awareness and guiding public’s environmentally responsible behavior, especially for the urban population. Beijing took the lead in introducing the concept of forest experience education, giving full play to the forest ecosystem’s educational function and carrying out rich and diversified forest experience educational activities. Based on the flow theory and literature, this study constructed a conceptual model of the impact of forest experience educational activities on guiding the environmentally responsible behavior of the public. Taking Beijing as an example, it surveyed 676 participants and used the structural equation modeling method to verify the influencing mechanism of participation motivation (before the activities) and personal experience (during the activities) on the environmentally responsible behaviors (after the activities). The results of the study indicate that the impact of experiences during such activities on guiding the public’s environmentally responsible behavior is significant and positive, and it is a complete mediator between participation motivation and environmentally responsible behavior. This conclusion indicates the effectiveness and necessity of forest experience educational activities. It provides some theoretical support and practical reference for further enhancing the effect of those activities in Beijing and promoting similar activities in other areas of China.

Key words: forest experience education, environmentally responsible behavior, urban public, flow theory, structural equation model, Beijing

ZHAO Minyan, DONG Suocheng, WU Homer C, LI Yu, MA Hong, SHAO Dan, GAO Ning, XIA Bing. Influence of forest experience education on urban public’s environmentally responsible behavior[J].Resources Science, 2020, 42(3): 583-592.

Figures/Tables 7

Figure 1

Figure 2

Table 1

Table 2

Scales of the forest experience educational activities"

量表	维度	变量	题项
活动前参与动机	好奇自然	感受文化	a. 感受更丰富的森林文化。
		学习知识	b. 学习更多的森林知识。
		观察能力	c. 提高观察自然的能力。
	体验自然	有趣活动	d. 参加有趣的森林体验活动。
	体验自然	寻求感受	e. 寻求一种新的森林体验感受。
	情感需要	放松心情	f. 陪伴家人,在森林里放松心情。
		交流协作	g. 提高交流沟通与团队协作能力。
		保护志愿	h. 为森林保护事业做一些志愿工作。
活动中活动体验	参与体验	看到森林	i. 我可以看到真实的森林。
		体验活动	j. 我可以参加多种形式的森林体验活动。
		动手参与	k. 有些活动可以让我自己动手参与。
		发现有趣	l. 有趣活动让我非常开心。
		发现秘密	m. 我惊奇地发现森林里的秘密。
	反射体验	感觉太棒	n. 与家人一起参加活动的感觉太棒了！
		获得知识	o. 我对植物、动物等有了更多的认识和了解。
		有新想法	p. 我对森林与人类的关系有了新的想法或感受。
		生气破坏	q. 当我看到有人破坏森林时,我会感到生气难受。
		讨论分享	r. 我与同伴们讨论分享了活动内容和感受。
活动后环境负责任行为	一般行为	愿意了解森林知识	s. 我愿意了解更多的森林知识。
		愿意阅读森林书籍	t. 我愿意阅读一些森林文化的书籍报刊。
		愿意分享体验感受	u. 我愿意与家人朋友分享和讨论这次的活动感受。
		愿意主动节水等	v. 我愿意节约用水,少用1次性用品,使用公共交通工具。
	具体行为	制止他人破坏行为	w. 我会主动制止别人破坏森林植被,伤害野生动物的行为。
		鼓励大家植树造林	x. 我会鼓励大家履行义务植树的责任。
		参加更多体验活动	y. 我愿意参加更多“森林文化”活动。
		自备餐食少产垃圾	z. 下次活动,我会自备餐食和饮用水,尽量少用塑料包装、纸巾和湿纸巾。

Table 2

Table 3

Figure 3

Table 4

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文化活动	地点	活动场次	有效问卷/份
森林大篷车	北京市内公园（玉渊潭公园、玉蜓公园、望和公园、陶然亭公园、龙潭西湖公园、海淀公园、通州大运河公园、莲花池公园、红领巾公园）	36	251
森林阅读	西山国家森林公园（百望山景区）	4	110
森林手工	西山国家森林公园（百望山景区）	4	115
森林大课堂	西山国家森林公园（百望山景区）	3	124
森林体验活动	西山国家森林公园（昌华景区）、八达岭国家森林公园	4	76
	合计	51	676

测项	因素负荷量	信度系数	测量误差	组合信度	平均方差抽取量
感受文化	0.819	0.671	0.329	0.862	0.676
学习知识	0.775	0.601	0.399
观察能力	0.869	0.755	0.245
有趣活动	0.854	0.736	0.264	0.800	0.683
寻求感受	0.795	0.630	0.370	0.800	0.683
放松心情	0.724	0.530	0.470	0.720	0.502
交流协作	0.647	0.419	0.581
保护志愿	0.665	0.437	0.563
看到森林	0.557	0.299	0.701	0.814	0.501
体验活动	0.716	0.513	0.487
动手参与	0.651	0.404	0.596
发现有趣	0.725	0.511	0.489
发现秘密	0.780	0.624	0.376
感觉太棒	0.693	0.566	0.534	0.859	0.552
获得知识	0.774	0.646	0.354
有新想法	0.801	0.669	0.331
生气破坏	0.681	0.436	0.564
讨论分享	0.735	0.540	0.460
愿意了解森林知识	0.864	0.729	0.271	0.909	0.715
愿意阅读森林书籍	0.814	0.664	0.336
愿意分享体验感受	0.824	0.663	0.337
主动节水等行为	0.854	0.803	0.197
制止他人破坏行为	0.824	0.687	0.313	0.879	0.645
鼓励大家植树造林	0.814	0.663	0.337
参加更多体验活动	0.817	0.651	0.349
自备餐食少产垃圾	0.761	0.579	0.421

变量之间影响关系	估计值	标准误	临界比值	显著性
活动体验←参与动机	0.53	0.049	9.632	***
环境负责任行为←参与动机	0.09	0.039	1.304	1.102
环境负责任行为←活动体验	0.67	0.067	11.053	***

Influence of forest experience education on urban public’s environmentally responsible behavior

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