基于村域多功能视角的乡村振兴策略——以鄂西郧阳山区为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2019.09.11

Abstract

Abstract:

Under the background of China’s rapid urbanization, rural areas are still facing a severe situation of lagging behind or even backward development. Rural revitalization strategy is a significant strategic decision for China to properly solve the “Three Rural Issues.” The multifunctional development and its management of villages will be a focal point and a new path to realize the overall revitalization of the countryside. This study established a systematic evaluation index to evaluate the multifunctions of village space, and used the horizontal and vertical comparison methods to identify dominant functions and weak functions of each village, determine the development type of the village, and finally put forward different development strategies for the villages. The results are as follows: (1) The agricultural production function, living function, social security function, and ecological conservation function are spatially different in the mountainous rural areas; (2) The multifunction index values are low overall and show little variations for the villages; (3) Through identifying the dominant functions and weak functions, the study established a set of criteria to classify development types for villages, and then divided the villages of the study area into polarized development type, leading development type, and comprehensive development type. Next, the polarized development villages were divided into four subtypes of development, and the leading development villages were divided into three subtypes. Finally, we put forward the corresponding development strategies for various types of villages. This study explored the strategies of rural revitalization from the perspective of village space multifunctions, which may provide some practical reference for rural revitalization strategy in the new era, expand the perspective of regional multifunctional research, and enrich the theoretical framework of multifunctional study.

Key words: multifunctions, Rural Revitalization Strategy, evaluation, development strategy, poverty-stricken mountainous areas, Yunyang District of western Hubei Province

ZHANG Liguo,WANG Zhanqi,WEI Chao,GAO Yunxiao. Rural revitalization strategy based on the perspective of rural multifunctions: A case of the mountainous areas in Yunyang District of Shiyan City,western Hubei Province[J].Resources Science, 2019, 41(9): 1703-1713.

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References 32

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决策层	目标层	指标层	指标说明	权重	效应
村域多功能指数（MFI）	农业生产功能（AFI）（0.3873）	人均耕地面积	耕地面积/人口,单位：亩/人	0.2582	+
		村域第一产业增加值	基于各类用地面积的镇域产值分割（式（1））,单位：万元	0.1291	+
	居住生活功能（LFI）（0.1981）	人均宅基地面积	宅基地总面积/人口,单位：m²/人	0.0499	+
		住房条件	房屋结构指数（式（2））,无量纲	0.1167	+
		区位条件	距离县/区政府的距离,单位：km	0.0316	-
	社会保障功能（SFI）（0.1397）	基础教育设施水平	（学校广场用地面积×0.3+校舍建筑面积×0.7）/人口,单位：m²/人	0.0352	+
		公共管理设施水平	（公共广场用地面积×0.3+村委建筑面积×0.7/人口,单位：m²/人	0.0222	+
		交通运输条件	农村路网密度,单位：km/km²	0.0823	+
	生态保育功能（EFI）（0.2748）	森林覆盖率	林地面积/村域面积,单位：%	0.1442	+
		地均生态服务价值	引用Costanza^[29]和谢高地等^[30]研究方法,单位：万元	0.0389	+
		水土流失风险	坡耕地面积/耕地面积,无量纲	0.0917	-

是否存在主导功能	是否存在短板功能	发展类型	发展亚型命名规则
是	是	极化发展型	主导功能-短板功能
	否	主导发展型	按主导功能类型细分
否	是	欠缺发展型	按短板功能类型细分
	否	综合发展型	不再细分

发展类型	发展亚型	村庄数量	发展类型	发展亚型	村庄数量
极化发展型	生态主导-社会滞后亚型	9	主导发展型	农业主导亚型	5
	生活主导-农业滞后亚型	8		生态主导亚型	5
	社会主导-农业滞后亚型	7		生活主导亚型	8
	生态主导-农业滞后亚型	4	综合发展型	综合发展型	3

类型	特征及振兴策略
生态主导-社会滞后亚型	特征：森林覆盖率高、生态环境优良;耕地资源禀赋一般,农业生产能力满足自身需求;教育、交通等基础设施有限,社会管理能力不足策略：积极争取生态补偿,财政转移支付等政策支持;大力发展生态旅游以及生态农业、有机农业;加强道路、教育医疗等基础设施建设,提升农村社会治理能力
生态主导-农业滞后亚型	特征：位于研究区北部山区,地形条件差,但生态环境优良;耕地资源匮乏,农业生产能力不足;区位条件差,人口密度小且居民点分散,教育、交通等基础设施有待进一步完善策略：积极争取生态补偿,财政转移支付等政策支持,挖掘生态旅游特色及潜力,适度发展生态旅游业;对过度分散居民点,加强生态移民力度,提升居民生活水平
生活主导-农业滞后亚型	特征：区位条件优良,农民工返乡建房意愿强烈,乡镇经济有一定发展,经济发展水平较高（住房条件优越）;耕地资源被占用,耕地非农利用现象较为普遍策略：加强建设用地规划及现有用地内部挖潜与整治,积极引导居住用地适度集约,寻求中心村式发展模式,控制宅基地无序扩张;推进永久基本农田建设,严格保护耕地资源,加大农业财政转移支付力度
社会主导-农业滞后亚型	特征：社会保障功能较强,交通条件或教育基础设施较好;耕地资源禀赋差或被人类活动挤占,乡镇经济有一定发展,农业生产能力不足。典型如谭家湾镇镇政府驻地十方院村策略：进一步强化社会保障能力,同时加强耕地整治,建设高标准基本农田,严格保护耕地,有条件地区适度开垦耕地资源

Rural revitalization strategy based on the perspective of rural multifunctions: A case of the mountainous areas in Yunyang District of Shiyan City,western Hubei Province

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