Resources Science ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 1227-1239.doi: 10.18402/resci.2019.07.04
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Fenni LI1,2(), Junbiao ZHANG1,2(
), Ke HE1,2
Received:
2018-10-17
Revised:
2019-03-19
Online:
2019-07-25
Published:
2019-07-25
Fenni LI, Junbiao ZHANG, Ke HE. Impact of informal institutions and environmental regulations on farmers’ green production behavior: Based on survey data of 1105 households in Hubei Province[J].Resources Science, 2019, 41(7): 1227-1239.
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Table 1
Basic characteristics of the survey samples"
变量 | 分类 | 频数/个 | 比例/% | 变量 | 选项 | 频数/个 | 比例/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 男 | 623 | 56.38 | 家庭劳动力数量/人 | 3~5 | 553 | 50.05 |
女 | 482 | 43.62 | 6~8 | 75 | 6.79 | ||
年龄/岁 | ≤ 35 | 33 | 2.99 | ≥ 9 | 2 | 0.18 | |
36~50 | 216 | 19.55 | 耕地面积/亩 | < 5 | 408 | 36.92 | |
51~65 | 593 | 53.66 | 5~10 | 479 | 43.35 | ||
≥ 66 | 263 | 23.80 | 11~20 | 159 | 14.39 | ||
文化程度 | 不识字或识字少 | 403 | 36.47 | 21~50 | 51 | 4.62 | |
小学 | 319 | 28.87 | ≥ 51 | 8 | 0.72 | ||
初中 | 299 | 27.06 | ≤ 2 | 125 | 11.31 | ||
家庭规模/人 | |||||||
高中或中专 | 71 | 6.42 | 3~5 | 560 | 50.68 | ||
大专及以上 | 13 | 1.18 | 6~8 | 341 | 30.86 | ||
家里是否有党员或干部 | 是 | 168 | 15.20 | ≥ 9 | 79 | 7.15 | |
否 | 937 | 84.80 | 家庭总收入/万元 | < 2 | 104 | 9.41 | |
是否参加农民 专业合作社 | 是 | 76 | 6.88 | 2~5 | 416 | 37.65 | |
否 | 1029 | 93.12 | 6~10 | 402 | 36.38 | ||
家庭劳动力数量/人 | ≤ 2 | 475 | 42.99 | ≥ 11 | 183 | 16.56 |
Table 2
Descriptive statistics of variables"
变量名称 | 变量含义 | 赋值 | 均值 | 标准差 |
---|---|---|---|---|
农户绿色生产 行为 | 是否采纳少耕免耕技术 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.15 | 0.35 |
是否采纳有机肥施用技术 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.39 | 0.49 | |
是否采纳秸秆还田技术 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.73 | 0.44 | |
价值导向 | 我对村里各种“文明卫生示范户”“清洁农户”等评选活动的重视程度 | 重视=1,不重视=0 | 0.33 | 0.47 |
惩戒监督 | 村里对不良生活及生产行为的经济处罚对我的影响 | 很大=1,很小=0 | 0.59 | 0.49 |
传递内化 | 村民对我绿色生产、生活行为的影响 | 很大=1,很小=0 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
引导规制 | 政府有关环境保护和治理的宣传教育对我的重要程度 | 重要=1,不重要=0 | 0.66 | 0.48 |
激励规制 | 政府提供的物质补贴及奖励对我的影响 | 很大=1,很小=0 | 0.75 | 0.44 |
约束规制 | 政府有关环保的法规对我的约束作用 | 很大=1,很小=0 | 0.78 | 0.42 |
控制变量 | 性别 | 男=1,女=0 | 0.56 | 0.50 |
年龄 | 实际年龄/岁 | 58.15 | 10.53 | |
文化程度 | 受教育年限/年 | 5.78 | 3.53 | |
家庭劳动力数量 | 家庭实际劳动力数量/人 | 3.08 | 1.45 | |
家庭耕地面积 | 家庭耕地面积/亩 | 8.41 | 9.12 | |
家庭总收入 | 2016年家庭总收入/万元 | 9.58 | 68.08 | |
家里是否有党员或干部 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.15 | 0.36 | |
是否参加农民专业合作社 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.07 | 0.25 | |
绿色生产行为效益 | 绿色产品能以更高价格出售=1,不能=0 | 0.26 | 0.44 | |
地区虚拟变量 | 黄冈市=1,其他=0 | 0.19 | 0.40 | |
随州市=1,其他=0 | 0.20 | 0.40 | ||
武汉市=1,其他=0 | 0.19 | 0.39 | ||
荆州市=1,其他=0 | 0.23 | 0.42 |
Table 3
Current situation of farmers’ green production behaviors under the impact of informal institutions and environmental regulations (%)"
选项 | 少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
未采用 | 采用 | 未采用 | 采用 | 未采用 | 采用 | ||||
非正式制度 | 价值导向 | 75.14 | 24.86 | 53.91 | 46.09 | 30.17 | 69.83 | ||
惩戒监督 | 78.49 | 21.51 | 54.60 | 45.40 | 30.88 | 69.12 | |||
传递内化 | 80.16 | 19.84 | 53.44 | 46.56 | 25.16 | 74.84 | |||
环境规制 | 引导规制 | 83.93 | 16.07 | 59.97 | 40.03 | 26.32 | 73.68 | ||
激励规制 | 85.30 | 14.70 | 62.45 | 37.55 | 28.80 | 71.20 | |||
约束规制 | 84.05 | 15.95 | 59.14 | 40.86 | 24.10 | 75.90 |
Table 4
Empirical results of multivariate probit model"
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | 少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | 少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | ||||
非正式制度 | 价值导向 | 0.069(0.122) | 0.017(0.110) | 0.522***(0.117) | 0.026(0.125) | 0.045(0.114) | 0.529***(0.120) | |||||
惩戒监督 | 0.128(0.121) | 0.361***(0.093) | 0.330**(0.111) | 0.063(0.125) | 0.367***(0.095) | 0.351**(0.114) | ||||||
传递内化 | 0.810***(0.126) | 0.535***(0.092) | 0.359***(0.108) | 0.588***(0.138) | 0.324**(0.101) | 0.202(0.119) | ||||||
环境规制 | 引导规制 | 0.656***(0.140) | 0.425***(0.097) | 0.495***(0.109) | 0.476**(0.148) | 0.349***(0.102) | 0.400***(0.117) | |||||
激励规制 | 0.648***(0.166) | 0.742***(0.111) | 0.306**(0.118) | 0.517**(0.176) | 0.632***(0.116) | 0.242(0.128) | ||||||
约束规制 | 0.155(0.152) | 0.070(0.112) | -0.026(0.129) | 0.031(0.160) | -0.047(0.116) | -0.161(0.136) | ||||||
控制变量 | 性别 | -0.048(0.124) | 0.048(0.097) | 0.340**(0.111) | -0.049(0.125) | 0.015(0.097) | 0.333**(0.110) | -0.071(0.127) | 0.021(0.098) | 0.348**(0.112) | ||
年龄 | -0.020***(0.006) | 0.003(0.005) | -0.011*(0.005) | -0.019**(0.006) | 0.003(0.005) | -0.012*(0.005) | -0.019**(0.006) | 0.004(0.005) | -0.011*(0.005) | |||
受教育年限 | -0.022(0.018) | 0.002(0.014) | -0.022(0.016) | -0.017(0.018) | 0.005(0.015) | -0.020(0.016) | -0.021(0.018) | -0.002(0.015) | -0.026(0.017) | |||
家庭劳动力数量 | 0.070(0.041) | -0.007(0.034) | -0.029(0.037) | 0.056(0.040) | -0.019(0.034) | -0.034(0.036) | 0.057(0.041) | -0.019(0.035) | -0.042(0.037) | |||
家庭耕地面积 | 0.003(0.008) | 0.002(0.006) | 0.001(0.006) | -0.003(0.008) | 0.000(0.006) | -0.001(0.006) | 0.001(0.008) | -0.001(0.006) | -0.001(0.006) | |||
家庭年收入 | -0.002(0.003) | -0.009(0.008) | 0.000(0.001) | -0.001(0.004) | -0.009(0.008) | 0.000(0.001) | -0.002(0.004) | -0.009(0.008) | 0.000(0.001) | |||
家里是否有党员或干部 | 0.064(0.159) | 0.066(0.130) | -0.038(0.142) | 0.082(0.158) | 0.092(0.131) | -0.016(0.140) | 0.038(0.164) | 0.078(0.133) | -0.026(0.144) | |||
是否参加农民专业合作社 | 0.002(0.224) | -0.197(0.187) | -0.614**(0.218) | -0.054(0.225) | -0.225(0.187) | -0.621**(0.213) | -0.008(0.223) | -0.160(0.192) | -0.602**(0.219) | |||
绿色生产行为效益 | 0.034(0.159) | 0.272*(0.117) | 0.047(0.143) | 0.141(0.156) | 0.323**(0.102) | 0.265(0.139) | 0.041(0.163) | 0.207(0.119) | 0.121(0.146) | |||
地区虚拟变量 | 已控制 | 已控制 | 已控制 | |||||||||
Prob>chi2 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Wald chi2 | 487.17 | 491.68 | 525.85 |
Table 5
Interaction between informal institutions and environmental regulations"
变量 | 少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 |
---|---|---|---|
非正式制度 | -0.375(0.588) | 0.329*(0.150) | 1.086*(0.504) |
环境规制 | -0.023(0.273) | 0.669**(0.245) | 0.563*(0.227) |
非正式制度×环境规制 | 0.790(0.668) | -0.212(0.216) | -1.148*(0.568) |
性别 | -0.017(0.119) | 0.086(0.094) | 0.349**(0.109) |
年龄 | -0.020***(0.006) | 0.000(0.005) | -0.013*(0.005) |
受教育年限 | -0.015(0.018) | 0.009(0.014) | -0.019(0.016) |
家庭劳动力数量 | 0.063(0.039) | 0.016(0.034) | -0.007(0.035) |
家庭耕地面积 | -0.001(0.007) | 0.003(0.005) | -0.002(0.006) |
家庭年收入 | -0.001(0.003) | -0.014(0.010) | 0.000(0.001) |
家里是否有党员或干部 | 0.085(0.151) | 0.062(0.127) | -0.020(0.138) |
是否参加农民专业合作社 | -0.024(0.211) | -0.142(0.176) | -0.482*(0.206) |
绿色生产行为效益 | 0.070(0.152) | -0.161(0.112) | 0.133(0.137) |
地区虚拟变量 | 已控制 | ||
Prob>chi2 | 0.000 | ||
Wald chi2 | 412.09 |
Table 6
Robustness test by partial sample"
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | 少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | 少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | 少耕免耕技术 | 有机肥施用技术 | 秸秆还田技术 | ||||
价值导向 | 0.142 (0.130) | 0.008(0.118) | 0.418***(0.126) | 0.094(0.133) | 0.036(0.122) | 0.430***(0.129) | |||||||||
惩戒监督 | 0.209 (0.134) | 0.368***(0.100) | 0.329**(0.124) | 0.149(0.138) | 0.373***(0.102) | 0.348**(0.127) | |||||||||
传递内化 | 0.774*** (0.136) | 0.471***(0.099) | 0.440***(0.177) | 0.535***(0.150) | 0.248*(0.110) | 0.254(0.131) | |||||||||
引导性规制 | 0.743***(0.158) | 0.442***(0.105) | 0.470***(0.119) | 0.577***(0.165) | 0.379***(0.110) | 0.397**(0.128) | |||||||||
激励性规制 | 0.621***(0.181) | 0.752***(0.121) | 0.443***(0.130) | 0.480*(0.190) | 0.669***(0.126) | 0.372**(0.139) | |||||||||
约束性规制 | 0.180(0.168) | 0.059(0.121) | -0.021(0.144) | 0.043(0.178) | -0.042(0.126) | -0.174(0.152) | |||||||||
非正式制度 | -0.441 (0.658) | 0.377* (0.161) | 1.383* (0.575) | ||||||||||||
环境规制 | -0.016 (0.302) | 0.729** (0.266) | 0.704** (0.258) | ||||||||||||
非正式制度×环境规制 | 0.982(0.745) | -0.320 (0.233) | -1.493* (0.645) | ||||||||||||
性别 | -0.135(0.132) | 0.037(0.103) | 0.332**(0.120) | -0.132(0.134) | 0.006(0.103) | 0.323**(0.119) | -0.155(0.137) | 0.004(0.105) | 0.334**(0.122) | -0106(0.128) | 0.070(0.100) | 0.343**(0.118) | |||
年龄 | -0.025***(0.007) | 0.004(0.006) | -0.010(0.007) | -0.025***(0.007) | 0.005(0.006) | -0.009(0.007) | -0.024***(0.007) | 0.005(0.006) | -0.010(0.007) | -0.025***(0.007) | -0.001(0.006) | -0.012(0.007) | |||
受教育年限 | -0.011(0.019) | 0.002(0.015) | -0.019(0.018) | -0.008(0.019) | 0.004(0.015) | -0.015(0.018) | -0.011(0.019) | -0.001(0.016) | -0.024(0.018) | -0.006(0.019) | 0.008(0.015) | -0.014(0.017) | |||
家庭劳动力数量 | 0.123**(0.046) | -0.012(0.038) | 0.006(0.043) | 0.101*(0.046) | -0.028(0.038) | -0.006(0.042) | 0.111*(0.048) | -0.027(0.039) | -0.011(0.044) | 0.104*(0.044) | 0.014(0.038) | 0.029(0.041) | |||
家庭耕地面积 | 0.003(0.008) | 0.001(0.006) | 0.003(0.007) | -0.002(0.008) | -0.002(0.006) | 0.000(0.007) | 0.001(0.008) | -0.003(0.007) | 0.002(0.007) | 0.000(0.008) | 0.002(0.006) | 0.001(0.007) | |||
家庭年收入 | -0.002(0.003) | -0.007(0.007) | 0.001(0.002) | -0.002(0.004) | -0.007(0.007) | 0.001(0.002) | -0.002(0.004) | -0.007(0.007) | 0.001(0.002) | -0.001(0.004) | -0.011(0.010) | 0.001(0.002) | |||
家里是否有党员或干部 | 0.077(0.173) | 0.102(0.143) | -0.053(0.158) | 0.070(0.172) | 0.102(0.145) | -0.016(0.156) | 0.039(0.178) | 0.101(0.147) | -0.028(0.160) | 0.091(0.165) | 0.082(0.139) | -0.030(0.153) | |||
是否参加农民专业合作社 | 0.093(0.235) | -0.414*(0.208) | -0.618**(0.237) | 0.038(0.235) | -0.467*(0.210) | -0.677**(0.229) | 0.087(0.245) | -0.419(0.215) | -0.632**(0.238) | -0.048(0.231) | -0.342(0.199) | -0.571*(0.231) | |||
绿色生产行为效益 | -0.050(0.172) | 0.260*(0.125) | 0.088(0.156) | 0.094(0.167) | 0.318**(0.109) | 0.314*(0.151) | -0.030(0.177) | 0.195(0.128) | 0.164(0.159) | -0.007(0.164) | -0.152(0.118) | 0.170(0.149) | |||
地区虚拟变量 | 已控制 | 已控制 | 已控制 | 已控制 | |||||||||||
Prob>chi2 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||||||||||
Wald chi2 | 421.48 | 444.83 | 461.16 | 373.00 |
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