干旱区绿洲城市遥感生态指数变化监测

doi:10.18402/resci.2019.05.16

Abstract

Abstract:

Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is a typical arid area, and its ecological environment is extremely fragile. It is of great significance to understand its ecological environment changes in a timely and accurate manner.This study chose the oasis city Urumqi in Xinjiang as the research area and used the remote sensing images from the same month of 2004 and 2016 to calculate the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), and analyze the present situation, spatial distribution, center of gravity, landscape features, and driving factors of change of RSEI. The results show that: (1) In 2004—2016, the average remote sensing ecological index value increased from 0.341 to 0.400, an increase of 17.24%. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Wetness (WET), and Land Surface Temperature (LST) showed a certain degree of increase, and Normalized Difference Build-up Soil Index (NDBSI) showed a downward trend; (2) With the classification of ecological index values, the main part of the study area fell within poor and medium ecological index classes. The total area of these classes is obviously growing.The classes mainly remained unchanged or improved, and the areas with improvements of ecological index mainly moved up for one class; (3) The center of gravity of all types of ecological index classes shifted, and the distance of gravity center shift of the poor ecological index class was the longest, reaching 2.82 km. The distance of shift was relatively small for other classes; (4) Landscape pattern of different types of remote sensing ecological indices changed, complexity of shape of patches increased, the spatial connectivity and agglomeration were significant.This study analyzed the spatial characteristics and changes of the ecological index and found that the process of gradual change of the ecosystem under the premise of maintaining stability with human activities is closely related to urban expansion.

Key words: urban ecology, remote sensing, ecological index, landscape, oasis in arid area, Urumqi City

Xuande ZHOU, Huadong GUO, ·Simayi Zibibula, Zutao DENG, Bin LIANG. Change of remote sensing ecological index of an oasis city in the arid area[J].Resources Science, 2019, 41(5): 1002-1012.

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References 33

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	2004				2016
	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4
特征值	0.058	0.005 7	0.003 2	0.000 8	0.059 6	0.005 3	0.004	0.000 4
特征值贡献率/%	85.66	8.36	4.79	1.19	85.94	7.7	5.76	0.61

	2004年				2016年
	最小值	最大值	均值	标准差	最小值	最大值	均值	标准差
NDVI	-0.540	0.809	0.219	0.163	-0.383	0.769	0.264	0.143
WET	-0.627	0.071	-0.138	0.053	-0.848	0.155	-0.039	0.042
LST	19.333	49.749	38.365	3.680	25.540	52.903	40.906	2.806
NDBSI	-0.502	0.386	0.115	0.091	-0.360	0.504	0.111	0.081
RSEI	0.000	1.000	0.341	0.165	0.000	1.000	0.400	0.140

RSEI等级	2004年		2016年
RSEI等级	面积/km²	百分比/%	面积/km²	百分比/%
A	90.04	16.65	7.53	1.39
B	301.90	55.84	312.51	57.80
C	93.40	17.28	165.92	30.70
D	48.19	8.91	46.78	8.65
E	7.12	1.32	7.91	1.46
合计	540.65	100.00	540.65	100.00

	级差	级面积/km²	比重/%	类面积/km²
下降	-4	0.01	0.02	71.70
	-3	3.19	4.45
	-2	18.33	25.57
	-1	50.16	69.96
不变	0	259.84	-	259.84
上升	1	172.72	82.60	209.12
	2	31.28	14.96
	3	4.70	2.25
	4	0.42	0.20

景观指标	2004	2016
景观总面积/km²	540.65
斑块数量/个	10 602	11 361
斑块密度/（1/100hm²）	19.610	21.014
斑块形状指数	73.500	76.774
蔓延度指数	45.191	51.117
斑块结合度	99.616	99.602
分维数	0.009	0.009
Shannon多样性指数	1.200	1.013
Shannon均匀度指数	0.746	0.629
聚集度指数	81.354	80.490

Change of remote sensing ecological index of an oasis city in the arid area

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景观编号	斑块数量/个		面积/km²		平均斑块面积/km²		最大斑块面积百分率/%
景观编号	2004	2016	2004	2016	2004	2016	2004	2016
A	2 930	1 104	9 004.14	752.94	3.073	0.682	3.266	0.140
B	1 975	2 653	30 189.78	31 250.97	15.286	11.779	52.089	52.193
C	3 476	3 837	9 339.84	1 6591.68	2.687	4.324	1.295	6.276
D	1 511	3 044	4 819.23	4 678.11	3.189	1.537	0.623	0.576
E	710	723	712.17	791.46	1.003	1.095	0.048	0.065
景观编号	景观面积百分率/%		斑块结合度		景观分割度		聚集度指数
景观编号	2004	2016	2004	2016	2004	2016	2004	2016
A	16.654	1.393	97.460	80.519	0.998	1.000	81.103	62.088
B	55.890	57.802	99.918	99.896	0.729	0.726	87.495	88.071
C	17.275	30.688	96.387	98.860	0.999	0.994	66.919	71.681
D	8.914	8.653	95.145	93.485	0.999	0.999	73.311	66.207
E	1.317	1.464	82.301	83.391	1.000	1.000	67.945	67.753

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