Resources Science ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 284-298.doi: 10.18402/resci.2018.02.06
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Na RAN1(), Xiaobin JIN1,2,3(
), Yeting FAN1, Xiaomin XIANG1, Jing LIU1, Yinkang ZHOU1,2,3, Chunzhu SHEN2,4
Received:
2017-04-17
Revised:
2017-06-01
Online:
2018-02-20
Published:
2018-02-11
Na RAN, Xiaobin JIN, Yeting FAN, Xiaomin XIANG, Jing LIU, Yinkang ZHOU, Chunzhu SHEN. 'Three Lines' delineation based on land use conflict identification and coordination in Jintan District, Changzhou[J].Resources Science, 2018, 40(2): 284-298.
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Table 1
Major policy development process of “Three lines”"
主题 | 年份 | 政策文件 | 相关内容 |
---|---|---|---|
基本农田保护红线 | 1994 | 《基本农田保护条例》[ | 以法律形式确定了我国基本农田保护制度,把基本农田保护工作纳入了法制化管理的轨道 |
1996 | 《划定基本农田保护区技术规程(试行)》[ | 首次以规范文件形式明确基本农田保护区划定原则、方法等 | |
1997 | 《关于进一步加强土地管理切实保护耕地的通知》[ | 提出了最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度 | |
2000 | 《基本农田保护区调整划定工作验收方法》[ | 加强基本农田保护,规范基本农田保护区调整划定工作 | |
2005 | 《关于进一步做好基本农田保护有关工作的意见》[ | 标志我国基本农田保护得到广泛共识 | |
2011 | 《基本农田划定技术规程》[ | 从技术层面上确保基本农田落地,提高了划定的科学性和可操作性 | |
2014 | 《关于进一步做好永久基本农田划定工作的通知》[ | 明确了划定的原则并提出了具体的划定技术方法与要求 | |
2015 | 《关于切实做好106个重点城市周边永久基本农田划定工作有关事项的通知》[ | 进一步推动永久基本农田划定工作 | |
2016 | 《关于全面划定永久基本农田实行特殊保护的通知》[ | 永久基本农田划定要从106个试点城市向全域展开,落实15.46亿亩划定任务 | |
2017 | 《关于加强耕地保护和改进占补平衡的意见》[ | 将永久基本农田划定作为土地利用总体规划的规定内容 | |
生态保护红线 | 2000 | 《全国生态环境保护纲要》[ | 首次明确提出了“维护国家生态环境安全”的目标 |
2008 | 《全国生态功能区划》[ | 确定不同区域的生态功能,提出全国生态功能区划方案 | |
2011 | 《国务院关于加强环境保护重点工作的意见》[ | 首次以规范性文件的形式提出了“生态红线”的概念 | |
2014 | 《新环境保护法》[ | 生态保护红线被首次写进法律之中 | |
2015 | 《生态文明体制改革总体方案》[ | 划定并严守生态红线,严禁任意改变用途,防止不合理开发建设活动对其破坏 | |
2015 | 《生态保护红线划定技术指南》[ | 为生态保护红线划定提供指导 | |
2016 | 《全国生态保护“十三五”规划纲要》[ | 全面划定生态保护红线,管控要求得到落实,国家生态安全格局总体形成 | |
2016 | 《关于加强资源环境生态红线管控的指导意见》[ | 划定并严守生态保护红线 | |
2017 | 《关于划定并严守生态保护红线的若干意见》[ | 划定并严守生态保护红线,实现一条红线管控重要生态空间 | |
城市开发边界 | 1996 | 《关于加强城市规划工作的通知》[ | 加强对城市规划的管理工作,严格控制城市的用地规模 |
2006 | 《城市规划编制办法》[ | 首次从法规层面要求城市规划研究中心城区城市增长边界 | |
2009 | 《关于市县乡级土地利用总体规划编制指导意见的通知》[ | 提出因地制宜划定“三界四区” | |
“三线” | 2013 | 《关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》[ | 划定生产、生活、生态空间开发管制界限,落实用途管制 |
2014 | 《关于强化管控落实最严格耕地保护制度的通知》[ | 严格划定城市开发边界、永久基本农田和生态保护红线,强化规划硬约束 | |
2014 | 《土地利用总体规划调整完善工作方案》[ | 多方协调,划定三线 | |
2016 | 《省级空间规划试点方案》[ | 以主体功能区规划为基础,划定城镇、农业、生态空间以及生态保护红线、永久基本农田、城镇开发边界 | |
2016 | 《“十三五”生态环境保护规划》[ | 生态优先,统筹生产、生活、生态空间管理 | |
2017 | 《全国土地整治规划(2016-2020年)》[ | 全面划定永久基本农田;划定并严守生态保护红线;盘活存量建设用地,节约集约用地 |
Table 2
Index system for suitability evaluation"
目标 | 一级指标 | 二级指标(权重) | 分级赋值 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||
生态适宜 | 生态服务功能(0.5) | 供给服务(0.25) | 根据谢高地[ | ||||
调节服务(0.25) | |||||||
支持服务(0.25) | |||||||
文化服务(0.25) | |||||||
生态敏感性(0.5) | 坡度/°(0.18) | >25 | 15~25 | 6~15 | 2~6 | <2 | |
地形地貌(0.17)① | 水域 | 低山丘陵 | 黄土缓岗 | 低洼汙区平原 | 高亢平原 | ||
植被覆盖度(0.19)② | 0.8~1 | 0.6~0.8 | 0.4~0.6 | 0.2~0.4 | <0.2 | ||
距水体/m(0.19) | <100 | 100~200 | 200~350 | 350~500 | >500 | ||
盐渍化程度(0.11) | 无 | - | - | - | 有 | ||
土壤侵蚀程度(0.16) | 无 | 轻 | 中 | 强 | 岩石裸露 | ||
耕作适宜 | 地形条件(0.2) | 坡度/°(0.01) | 0~2 | 2~5 | 5~8 | 8~15 | >15 |
土壤质量(0.2)③ | 土壤pH值(0.01) | 6.5~7.5 | 6.3~6.4 | - | - | - | |
土壤有机质含量/%(0.02) | >2.8 | 2.5~2.8 | 2.2~2.4 | 1.9~2.1 | <1.9 | ||
表层土壤质地(0.03) | 粘土 | 重壤 | 中壤 | 轻壤 | 砂壤 | ||
耕层土壤厚度/cm(0.02) | >22 | 21~22 | 18~20 | 16~17 | <16 | ||
土壤障碍层深度/cm(0.03) | >60 | 30-60 | <30 | - | - | ||
工程条件(0.2)④ | 排水条件(0.02) | 优 | 良 | 一般 | - | - | |
灌溉保证率/%(0.03) | >90 | 87~90 | 82~86 | 78~81 | <78 | ||
空间质量(0.2) | 连片性/km2(0.24)⑤ | >0.09 | 0.06~0.09 | 0.03~0.06 | 0.01~0.03 | <0.01 | |
破碎度(0.23)⑥ | 0.18~0.24 | 0.25~0.28 | 0.29~0.33 | 0.34~0.53 | >0.53 | ||
耕作便利性(0.2) | 耕作半径/m(0.21) | 0~150 | 150~300 | 300~500 | 500~800 | 800~1 500 | |
农村道路密度m/m2(0.15)⑦ | 0.49~1.00 | 0.25~0.48 | 0.13~0.24 | 0.07~0.12 | 0~0.06 | ||
建设适宜 | 地形条件(0.25) | 地形位(0.13)⑧ | -0.60~0.34 | 0.35~0.61 | 0.62~0.97 | 0.98~1.5 | >1.5 |
区位条件(0.25) | 距中心城区/m(0.32) | 0~500 | 500~1 000 | 1 000~1 500 | 1 500~2 000 | >2 000 | |
距一般城镇/m(0.19) | 0~100 | 100~200 | 200~300 | 300~400 | >400 | ||
水文条件(0.25) | 距水库湖泊/m(0.06) | >200 | <200 | - | - | - | |
距河流/m(0.12) | >200 | 150~200 | 100~150 | 50~100 | <50 | ||
交通可达性(0.25) | 距高等级公路/m(0.18) | 50~100 | 100~150 | 150~200 | >200 | <50 |
Table 3
Data description"
数据类型 | 数据来源 | 数据说明 | 用途 |
---|---|---|---|
土地利用数据 | 金坛土地变更调查成果数据库 | 2015年,比例尺1∶1万,矢量 | 土地利用类型提取 |
农用地分等数据 | 金坛农用地分等定级成果数据库 | 2010年,比例尺1∶1万,矢量 | 耕地质量属性提取 |
规划数据 | 《金坛城市总体规划》[ | 2013—2030年,文本及图件 | 中心城区范围提取 |
《金坛市土地利用总体规划》[ | 2006—2020年,文本及图件 | 土地利用规划指标提取 | |
《江苏省生态红线区域保护规划》[ | 文本及图件 | 重要生态保护区提取 | |
高程数据 | ASTERGDEM[ | 30m×30m | 地形数据提取 |
统计数据 | 《金坛统计年鉴》[ | 2015年 | 相关社会经济数据获取 |
Table 4
Land use conflict combination and coupling coordination in Jintan District, 2015"
类型区 | 适宜性组合 | 说明 | 空间分布 | 协调结果 |
---|---|---|---|---|
生态优势区 | E1-F2-C3; E1-F2-C2; E1-F3-C2; E1-F3-C3; E2-F3-C3 | 生态适宜性明显高于耕作和建设,与另两类冲突较弱 | 西部茅山片区,薛埠镇等 | 划为生态用地 |
耕作优势区 | E2-F1-C2; E2-F1-C3; E3-F1-C2; E3-F1-C3; E3-F2-C3 | 耕作适宜性高于建设和生态适宜性,农业发展条件优越 | 中部低洼平原的西北部、中心城区西部和长荡湖西部 | 划为基本农田 |
建设优势区 | E2-F2-C1; E2-F3-C1; E3-F2-C1; E3-F3-C1; E3-F3-C2 | 建设适宜性高于生态和耕作适宜性,开发建设条件较好 | 临近现状中心城区与建制镇 | 划为建设用地 |
弱冲突区 | E3-F3-C3; E2-F2-C3 | 分为两类:①三类适宜性皆较低,各类均无显著优势;②生态与耕作适宜性中等,建设适宜性低 | 占总冲突面积的21.6%,主要分布在低山丘陵与低洼平原过渡区和河流沿岸 | 划为基本农田 |
中冲突区 | E2-F2-C2; E1-F1-C2、E1-F1-C3; E3-F2-C2、E2-F3-C2 | 分为三类:①适宜性均为中等;②生态与耕作适宜性均较高,建设适宜性中等或低;③三类用地适宜性皆为中等或低 | 占总冲突面积的63.56%,主要处于中部和东部平原地区 | 划为基本农田 |
高冲突区 | E1-F1-C1; E2-F1-C1、E3-F1-C1;E1-F2-C1、E1-F3-C1 | 分为三类:①适宜性都较高;②耕作与建设适宜性冲突激烈;③建设与生态适宜性均较高 | 占总冲突面积的14.84%,主要分布在中心城区、建制镇周边和交通沿线附近 | 进一步耦合协调 |
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