基于水环境质量控制的高集约化农业景观格局优化研究

doi:10.18402/resci.2018.01.05

Abstract

Abstract:

Agricultural non-point source pollution control has become a bottleneck for sustainable development especially in high intensive agricultural areas in China. Therefore, maintaining economic growth along with water quality improvements is a great challenge for policymakers. Taking Jinjing Town as a case study, we first analyzed water quality dynamics at spatial and temporal scales based on pollution monitoring data. Then, three different width buffer areas along the river were drawn to analyze the correlation between landscape pattern and water quality pollutions according to Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis; catchment was chosen as the suitable scale, and four landscape types forest, tea garden, paddy land and residential were chosen as major landscape parameters. A multiple regression analysis model was adopted to build the relationship between landscape pattern characteristics and water quality pollution for NO₃^--N, NH₄⁺-N and TN for each season. According to the results, we designed agricultural landscape pattern modes from three aspects, one is landscape pattern optimization by changing land use types, shape and area; another is raising sanitary wastewater and solid waste treatment rate; and the third is livestock industry adjustment by livestock amount control. The assessment results show that water quality improves effectively and nitrogen pollutant concentration meets level V of environmental quality standards for surface water in the new landscape scenario. Biodiversity benefits, agricultural economic value, ecosystem service value and household net agricultural income are higher than in 2010. The relationship model method proposed here not only verifies the relationship between landscape pattern and water quality, but supports landscape pattern design. These landscape pattern optimization results will assist agricultural sustainable development and environmental protection planning for decision-makers.

Key words: landscape pattern, water quality, Regression Model, integrated assessment

Hongqing LI, Liming LIU, Fei ZHENG, Yaoyang ZHAO. Agricultural landscape pattern optimization of high intensive agricultural areas based on water quality control[J].Resources Science, 2018, 40(1): 44-52.

Figures/Tables 7

Figure 1

Table 1

Contribution rate of agricultural non-point pollution sources %"

污染物类型	农业景观格局	农村生活废水与固体废弃物	养殖业
$N O 3 -$ -N	81	7	12
$N H 4 +$ -N	70	12	18
TN	81	7	12

Table 1

Table 2

Pearson's correlation coefficients between landscape types and water quality pollution in different buffer areas"

缓冲区	污染物	Pearson相关性系数
缓冲区	污染物	茶园	住宅	稻田	林地
整个流域	$N O 3 -$ -N	0.523*	0.599*	0.578*	-0.542*
	$N H 4 +$ -N	0.556*	0.691*	0.568*	-0.602*
	TN	0.568*	0.705**	0.612**	-0.626**
250m	$N O 3 -$ -N	0.407	0.668**	0.680**	-0.607**
	$N H 4 +$ -N	0.363	0.493*	0.583*	-0.631**
	TN	0.333	0.590*	0.632**	-0.645**
500m	$N O 3 -$ -N	0.447	0.639**	0.686**	-0.594*
	$N H 4 +$ -N	0.461	0.655**	0.615**	-0.651**
	TN	0.431	0.675**	0.665**	-0.663**
750m	$N O 3 -$ -N	0.473	0.675**	0.675**	-0.567*
	$N H 4 +$ -N	0.494*	0.726**	0.630**	-0.642**
	TN	0.482	0.758**	0.678**	-0.650**

Table 2

Table 3

Regression equations for the water quality variables against the landscape metrics"

污染物	季节	回归方程	R²
$N O 3 -$ -N	春季	Y=1.161+11.178P_Res	0.553
	夏季	Y=0.703+1.753LPI_Res	0.715
	秋季	Y=0.260+0.006ED_Pad	0.503
	冬季	Y=1.019+0.018LPI_Pad	0.488
$N H 4 +$ -N	春季	Y=0.101+35.370P_Res	0.652
	夏季	Y=1.271+0.073LPI_Pad-0.013ED_For	0.849
	秋季	Y=0.187+0.184PD_Tea	0.592
	冬季	Y=2.536+1.159PD_Tea+6.604LPI_Res	0.880
TN	春季	Y=4.11-0.018LPI_For	0.675
	夏季	Y=2.874+0.148LPI_Pad-0.022ED_For	0.881
	秋季	Y=1.409+0.39PD_Tea	0.643
	冬季	Y=3.940+1.666PD_Tea+9.936LPI_Res	0.823

Table 3

Figure 2

Table 4

Figure 3

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景观类型	林地	耕地	茶园	住宅	河流	道路	水面	人工湿地和生态缓冲带
2010年	8 798	3 582	328	311	69	37	317	0
优化后	9 971	2 036	425	232	100	43	260	121

Agricultural landscape pattern optimization of high intensive agricultural areas based on water quality control

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