关键词: 种植业, 粮食产销平衡区, 影响因素, 多维分析, 重庆市

Abstract:

Based on Chongqing Municipality,a grain production and marketing balance area in China,we used statistical data and semi-structured interviews to study changes,reasons of crop farming and policy implications over the last 30 years （1978-2011）. The results indicate that during the last 30 years changes in crop farming were a kind of competitive situation with contraction of grain and expansion of vegetables and fruits;regional planting patterns changed from ‘dominated by grain’ to ‘give consideration to both grain and vegetables,fruits’;and crop farming realized efficiency. Changes in crop farming in Chongqing Municipality were a result of the combined action of various factors. For the whole process,the starting point of changes was from the liberation of farmer autonomy,the change condition was environmental change induced by all kinds of factors,and the basis of change was from different characteristics of crops. To ease the competitive situation,safeguard the self-sufficiency rate of grain,and improve the yield and quality of vegetables and fruits,methods include defining the redline of the grain sown area,shifting the planting patterns of grain,speeding up mechanization and installation,and the specialization of vegetables and fruits. To improve cultivated land use efficiency,based on Chongqing’s experience we suggest agricultural policies in grain production and marketing balance areas that transform the direction of agricultural policy from ‘One Focus’ （focusing on the grain production）to ‘Two Combinations’. One combination is the transfer of agricultural labor force and the capitalized agriculture of labor-saving,and the other is to maintain grain output stabilization and develop agricultural resource advantages and diversification.

Key words: crop farming, grain production and marketing balance area, influential factors, multi- dimensional analysis, Chongqing Municipality.