长江经济带水资源-能源网络特征

doi:10.18402/resci.2021.09.07

资源科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 1794-1807.doi: 10.18402/resci.2021.09.07

长江经济带水资源-能源网络特征

洪思扬¹^,²(), 程涛³^,⁴, 王红瑞²()

1.广东省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,广州 510640
2.北京师范大学水科学研究院城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室,北京 100875
3.广东省水利水电科学研究院,广州 510000
4.广东工业大学环境生态工程研究院,广州 510006

收稿日期:2020-11-20 修回日期:2021-01-18 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-11-25
通讯作者: 王红瑞,男,河南新乡人,教授,主要从事水资源系统分析方面研究。E-mail: henrywang@bnu.edu.cn
作者简介:洪思扬,女,辽宁辽阳人,助理研究员,主要从事资源经济方面研究。E-mail: hongsy@mail.bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51879010);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD21YYJ15);国家重点研究计划资助项目(2019YFC0408902);广东省农业科学院2021年度科技人才引进专项资金项目(优秀博士)(R2021YJ-YB3009)

Characteristics of the water-energy network in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

HONG Siyang¹^,²(), CHENG Tao³^,⁴, WANG Hongrui²()

1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
2. College of Water Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3. Guangdong Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, Guangzhou 510000, China
4. Institute of Environmental & Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2020-11-20 Revised:2021-01-18 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

经济发展与水资源和能源密不可分,研究水和能源两种资源在宏观经济系统各部门之间的流通特征,挖掘其内在规律,对地区水与能源的高效及可持续利用至关重要。本文以长江经济带为例,运用复杂网络理论创建资源网络模型,从水资源-能源的双重节约和双向节约的新视角发掘资源网络特征。结果表明：①长江经济带水-能源相关要素资源网络具备小世界性及无标度性,网络中关键部门的变化将显著影响整个网络。②江苏的化学产品业、金属冶炼和延加工业、建筑业等部门因具备较大点强度而对长江经济带的水-能源的双重节约作用显著。江苏的化学产品业、金属冶炼和延加工业、电气机械和器材业以及湖北和湖南的电力、热力的生产和供应等部门的节水带来的节能效应和节能带来的节水效应可快速传播至其他部门,对水-能源双向节约作用显著。③研究区内各省市资源流通量大体与经济发展水平呈正相关,江苏、湖南和湖北地区资源流通量较大,云南、贵州和重庆资源流通量相对较小。④对重庆（交通运输、仓储和邮政业）→重庆（租赁和商务服务业）、重庆（建筑业）→重庆（其他服务业）、四川（建筑业）→四川（其他服务业）3条贸易路径中的部门进行合理的资源调控可以显著影响整个网络的资源流通量,从而实现资源节约。本文探究地区水-能源网络特征,旨在为资源高效利用提供有益参考。

关键词: 水-能源纽带, 复杂网络, 点强度, 关键边, 长江经济带

Abstract:

Economic development is inseparable from water resources and energy, and exploring the circulation characteristics of water and energy among various sectors in the macroeconomic system and examining their patterns is of vital importance for the efficient and sustainable use of water and energy. In this study, the Yangtze River Economic Belt was taken as a case and complex network theory was adopted to create resource networks to explore the resource network characteristics from a new perspective of two-way savings and mutual savings on water and energy. The results indicate that: (1) Water-energy-related resource networks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt had small-world and scale-free characteristics and changes of key sectors in the network will significantly affect the whole network. (2) Chemical industry, metallurgy, and construction in Jiangsu Province had significant mutual saving effect of water and energy in the Yangtze River Economic Belt due to their great node strength. For chemical industry, metallurgy, and electrical equipment manufacturing in Jiangsu Province, and electricity and hot water production and supply in Hubei and Hunan provinces, the energy-saving effect brought by water saving and the water-saving effect brought by energy saving can be quickly spread to other sectors, and the two-way saving effect of water and energy was significant. (3) The amount of resource circulation was generally positively correlated with the level of economic development. The circulation of resources in Jiangsu, Hunan, and Hubei provinces was relatively large, while the circulation of resources in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and Chongqing Municipality was relatively low. (4) The reasonable regulation of resource utilization of sectors in three trade routesChongqing (transport, storage, and postal services) → Chongqing (leasing and commercial services), Chongqing (construction) → Chongqing (other services), and Sichuan (construction) → Sichuan (other services) can significantly affect the resource flow of the entire network, so as to realize resource conservation. Exploring the characteristics of the regional water-energy network can provide references for the efficient utilization of resources.

Key words: water-energy nexus, complex network, node strength, key edge, Yangtze River Economic Belt

洪思扬, 程涛, 王红瑞. 长江经济带水资源-能源网络特征[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(9): 1794-1807.

HONG Siyang, CHENG Tao, WANG Hongrui. Characteristics of the water-energy network in the Yangtze River Economic Belt[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(9): 1794-1807.

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	隐含水网络	隐含能源网络	能源耗水网络	水耗能源网络
平均度	13.66	12.20	11.53	13.30
平均聚类系数	0.40	0.41	0.42	0.41
平均最短路径	3.18	3.36	3.34	3.14
节点数	308	307	311	312
同规模随机网络聚类系数	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
同规模随机网络平均最短路径长度	2.19	2.29	2.35	2.22
小世界指数	6.21	7.00	7.94	6.87

	P值		斜率
	前半段	后半段	前半段	后半段
隐含水网络	1.68E-98	1.04E-41	-0.43	-7.28
隐含能源网络	1.83E-96	1.26E-39	-0.47	-6.13
能源耗水网络	3.21E-82	2.56E-54	-0.39	-4.18
水耗能源网络	4.05E-106	2.95E-35	-0.43	-7.23

隐含水网络/亿m³		隐含能源网络/TJ		能源耗水网络/亿m³		水耗能源网络/TJ
部门	入强度	部门	入强度	部门	入强度	部门	入强度
2-Ch	174.45	2-Ch	4.72E+06	2-Me	13.10	2-Ch	1.58E+05
2-Fo	145.43	2-Me	4.60E+06	9-Eh	12.32	2-Me	1.54E+05
6-Fo	135.48	3-Ch	3.64E+06	2-Ch	11.44	2-El	1.11E+05
2-Te	112.81	2-El	3.47E+06	6-Co	11.35	2-Ec	1.01E+05
2-Me	87.48	2-Co	3.07E+06	6-Ch	10.82	2-Co	9.58E+04
9-Fo	86.61	3-Eh	3.07E+06	6-Eh	10.46	6-Co	8.76E+04
2-Co	78.49	2-Ec	2.93E+06	11-Eh	10.05	5-Me	8.52E+04
7-Fo	77.54	2-Ge	2.51E+06	2-El	9.93	6-Ch	8.50E+04
4-Fo	75.91	2-Eh	2.50E+06	3-Ch	9.48	2-Ge	8.22E+04
2-Os	73.87	2-Tr	2.24E+06	9-Co	9.15	2-Os	7.85E+04

隐含水网络/亿m³		隐含能源网络/TJ		能源耗水网络/亿m³		水耗能源网络/TJ
部门	出强度	部门	出强度	部门	出强度	部门	出强度
2-Ag	254.48	2-Me	6.75E+06	6-Eh	36.33	2-Eh	3.25E+05
2-Eh	172.60	2-Eh	6.28E+06	9-Eh	32.01	6-Eh	2.13E+05
2-Ch	169.84	3-Eh	6.22E+06	11-Eh	24.31	2-Me	1.95E+05
6-Ag	126.64	2-Ch	5.91E+06	2-Me	20.36	2-Ch	1.72E+05
7-Ag	126.23	3-Ch	3.94E+06	3-Eh	18.08	1-Eh	1.46E+05
6-Eh	114.30	10-Cm	3.44E+06	10-Eh	16.16	7-Eh	1.30E+05
2-Me	113.21	4-Cm	3.26E+06	2-Eh	14.28	5-Eh	1.19E+05
9-Ag	111.61	7-Cm	2.89E+06	7-Eh	14.22	4-Eh	1.13E+05
4-Ag	110.03	4-Eh	2.55E+06	2-Ch	14.10	10-Eh	1.04E+05
5-Ag	95.83	9-Cm	2.48E+06	3-Ch	9.92	5-Me	9.23E+04

隐含水/亿m³		隐含能源/TJ		能源耗水/亿m³		水耗能源/TJ
源→目标	权重	源→目标	权重	源→目标	权重	源→目标	权重
2-Ag→2-Fo	116.56	2-Ch→2-Ch	2.81E+06	6-Eh→6-Eh	8.87	2-Ch→2-Ch	8.19E+04
2-Ch→2-Ch	80.56	3-Eh→3-Eh	2.53E+06	11-Eh→11-Eh	8.80	2-Me→2-Me	5.53E+04
6-Ag→6-Fo	75.76	3-Ch→3-Ch	1.92E+06	9-Eh→9-Eh	8.30	2-Eh→2-Me	5.52E+04
9-Ag→9-Fo	60.54	2-Me→2-Me	1.92E+06	3-Eh→3-Eh	7.35	6-Eh→6-Eh	5.21E+04
7-Ag→7-Fo	54.26	10-Cm→10-Cm	1.35E+06	10-Eh→10-Eh	7.02	5-Me→5-Me	5.09E+04
4-Ag→4-Fo	51.07	2-Me→2-El	1.25E+06	2-Ch→2-Ch	6.73	1-Eh→1-Eh	5.06E+04
6-Fo→6-Fo	46.03	2-Ec→2-Ec	1.16E+06	2-Me→2-Me	5.80	2-Eh→2-Eh	4.80E+04
2-Te→2-Te	44.98	5-Me→5-Me	1.15E+06	3-Ch→3-Ch	4.89	10-Eh→10-Eh	4.52E+04
2-Ag→2-Te	43.80	7-Cm→7-Eh	1.07E+06	6-Eh→6-Ch	4.86	6-Ch→6-Ch	4.20E+04
3-Ch→3-Ch	34.36	9-Cm→9-Eh	1.07E+06	6-Ch→6-Ch	4.53	2-Ec→2-Ec	4.18E+04

长江经济带水资源-能源网络特征

Characteristics of the water-energy network in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

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编号	部门名称	缩写	编号	部门名称	缩写
1	农林牧渔业	Ag	16	通用、专用设备制造业	Ge
2	煤炭采选业	Cm	17	交通运输设备制造业	Tr
3	石油和天然气开采业	Pe	18	电气机械和器材业	El
4	金属矿采选业	Mm	19	通信设备、计算机和其它电子设备制造业	Ec
5	非金属矿和其它矿采选业	No	20	仪器仪表业	In
6	食品和烟草业	Fo	21	其它制造业	Ot
7	纺织业	Te	22	电力、热力的生产和供应业	Eh
8	纺织服装鞋帽皮革羽绒及其制品业	Cl	23	燃气及水的生产供应业	Ga
9	木材加工和家具制造业	Wo	24	建筑业	Co
10	造纸印刷和文教体育用品业	Pa	25	交通运输、仓储和邮政业	Ts
11	石油、炼焦产品和核燃料加工业	Pr	26	批发和零售业	Wh
12	化学产品业	Ch	27	住宿和餐饮业	Ho
13	非金属矿物制品业	Np	28	租赁和商务服务业	Le
14	金属冶炼和压延加工业	Me	29	科学研究和技术服务业	Sc
15	金属制品业	Mp	30	其它服务业	Os

隐含水网络	隐含能源网络
2-Ag→2-Fo	2-Cm→2-Eh→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
6-Ag→6-Fo	2-Eh→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
4-Ag→4-Fo→2-Ch→2-Ec→2-El	4-Cm→4-Eh→4-Ch→4-Os→4-Wh→4-Fo→2-Ch→2-Ec→2-El
9-Cm→9-Eh→9-Ch→9-Ag→9-Fo	2-Mp→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
9-Fo→9-Ag→9-Fo	2-Mm→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
9-Eh→9-Ch→9-Ag→9-Fo	9-Cm→9-Eh→9-Ch→9-Ag→9-Fo
9-Ch→9-Ag→9-Fo	2-Ot→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
7-Te→7-Cl→7-Ch→7-Ag→7-Fo	2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
9-Ag→9-Fo	4-No→4-Np→4-Co→4-Os→4-Wh→4-Fo→2-Ch→2-Ec→2-El
7-Cl→7-Ch→7-Ag→7-Fo	4-Np→4-Co→4-Os→4-Wh→4-Fo→2-Ch→2-Ec→2-El
能源耗水网络	水耗能源网络
9-Cm→9-Eh→9-Ch→9-Ag→9-Fo	2-Cm→2-Eh→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
2-Cm→2-Eh→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec	2-Eh→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
2-Eh→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec	2-Mp→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
11-Cm→11-Eh→11-Me→11-Co→11-Os	2-Mm→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
6-Cm→6-Eh→6-Ch→6-Tr→6-Ge	2-Ot→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
6-Eh→6-Ch→6-Tr→6-Ge	2-Me→2-El→2-Ec
2-Mp→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec	6-Cm→6-Eh→6-Ch→6-Tr→6-Ge
9-Eh→9-Ch→9-Ag→9-Fo	6-Eh→6-Ch→6-Tr→6-Ge
11-Eh→11-Me→11-Co→11-Os	6-No→6-Np→6-Co→6-Os
2-Mm→2-Me→2-El→2-Ec	6-Np→6-Co→6-Os

隐含水网络		隐含能源网络		能源耗水网络		水耗能源网络
源→目标	次数	源→目标	次数	源→目标	次数	源→目标	次数
8-Os→8-Le	23	8-Os→8-Le	24	8-Os→8-Le	23	8-Os→8-Le	24
8-Co→8-Os	20	8-Co→8-Os	20	8-Co→8-Os	20	8-Co→8-Os	21
9-Co→9-Os	15	9-Co→9-Os	15	9-Co→9-Os	15	9-Co→9-Os	15
9-Os→9-Co	9	9-Os→9-Co	9	9-Os→9-Co	9	9-Os→9-Co	9
6-Os→6-Co	8	6-Co→6-Os	9	6-Os→6-Co	8	8-Ts→8-Co	6
6-Co→6-Os	7	6-Os→6-Co	8	8-Ts→8-Co	6	9-Me→9-Co	5
8-Ts→8-Co	6	8-Ts→8-Co	6	9-Me→9-Co	5	6-Os→6-Co	5
9-Me→9-Co	5	9-Me→9-Co	5	9-Ag→9-Fo	4	9-Ag→9-Fo	4
9-Ag→9-Fo	5	7-Ag→7-Fo	5	8-Tr→8-Ts	4	8-Tr→8-Ts	4
8-Tr→8-Ts	4	9-Ag→9-Fo	4	7-Ag→7-Fo	4	7-Ag→7-Fo	4

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