北极旅游影响因素研究进展

doi:10.18402/resci.2021.08.15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着北极战略价值的提升,北极旅游热不断升温,北极旅游发展影响因素研究理应得到重视。本文检索了科学引文索引（Web of Science）和中国知网（CNKI）中北极旅游研究的相关文献,借助CiteSpace文献计量分析软件的关键词共现分析和时区视图分析等功能,分析了北极旅游的研究热点及其演化过程,系统综述了北极旅游影响因素的研究进展。研究表明：①北极旅游研究还未成规模。相对来说,国外起步较早,研究涵盖面较广,积累了比较丰富的经验;而国内起步较晚,仅从气候变化与地缘政治等方面进行探讨,广度和深度不足。已有研究中涉及影响因素的多从目的地角度开展分析,经济水平、游客构成等客源市场方面还有待加强。②前10位北极旅游研究热点中,气候变化、治理、人为干扰、海冰、脆弱性、恢复力、旅游管理等都与北极旅游影响因素密切相关。③已有研究中北极旅游影响因素可以归纳为政治政策、气候变化、旅游资源、旅游气候舒适度和管理与基础设施5类。其中,政治稳定和气候变化是北极旅游发展的前提许可和宏观影响因素。前者是北极旅游能否开展的最基本也是最关键因素,后者则是北极旅游能否发展的重要影响因素,既能直接影响旅游资源,又能通过对天气的影响,进而影响游客行为。而旅游资源、旅游气候舒适度和管理与基础设施则是北极旅游可持续发展的直接影响因素。

关键词: 北极旅游, 影响因素, 气候变化, 地缘政治, 可持续管理, 北极事务

Abstract:

With the improvement of the strategic value of the Arctic and Arctic tourism continues to become more popular, there are increasingly more publications related to Arctic tourism. At the same time, an increasing number of scholars pay more attention to the influencing factors of the development of Arctic tourism. Using the literature analysis method and CiteSpace software, this study analyzed the research progress of the influencing factors of Arctic tourism development in detail based on the relevant literature of Arctic tourism in China and internationally. This study shows that: (1) In China, there are few studies examining the influencing factors of the development of Arctic tourism at present. Related literature in China mainly discussed the influencing factors of Arctic tourism development in terms of climate change and geopolitics. International Arctic tourism research started earlier and the content is more comprehensive. In addition to the studies of climate change and geopolitical pattern, the impact of different stakeholders, weather conditions, and management on Arctic tourism development have also been actively discussed in the international literature. (2) Climate change, governance, human disturbance, sea ice, vulnerability, resilience and management are all closely related to the influencing factors of Arctic tourism. (3) The influencing factors of Arctic tourism in existing studies can be classified into five categories: politics and policy, climate change, tourism resources, tourism climate comfort, and management and infrastructure. Political stability and climate change are the prerequisite and macro influencing factors for the development of Arctic tourism, while tourism resources, tourism climate comfort, and management and infrastructure are the factors directly affecting the sustainable development of Arctic tourism.

Key words: Arctic tourism, influencing factors, climate change, geopolitics, sustainable management, Arctic affairs

张丹, 王敏, 甘萌雨, 杨林生. 北极旅游影响因素研究进展[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(8): 1687-1699.

ZHANG Dan, WANG Min, GAN Mengyu, YANG Linsheng. Research progress on influencing factors of Arctic tourism[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(8): 1687-1699.

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排序	高频词	频率	排序	高频词	中心度
1	Arctic（北极）	42	1	climate change（气候变化）	0.82
2	climate change（气候变化）	37	2	Arctic（北极）	0.69
3	tourism（旅游）	28	3	human disturbance（人为干扰）	0.46
4	sea ice（海冰）	17	4	vulnerability（脆弱性）	0.45
5	impact（影响）	16	5	cruise tourism（邮轮旅游）	0.40
6	cruise tourism（邮轮旅游）	11	6	ice（冰）	0.38
7	governance（管理）	9	6	shipping（海运）	0.38
8	management（管理）	7	7	sea ice（海冰）	0.35
9	ice（冰）	6	8	impact（影响）	0.32
9	Arctic tourism（北极旅游）	6	8	identity（特征）	0.32
9	resilience（恢复力）	6	9	community（社区）	0.23
9	Svalbard（斯瓦尔巴群岛）	6	10	Hudson bay（哈德逊湾）	0.22
10	adventure tourism（探险旅游）	5	11	adventure tourism（探险旅游）	0.20