资源科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 1534-1548.doi: 10.18402/resci.2021.08.03
收稿日期:
2020-09-09
修回日期:
2020-12-28
出版日期:
2021-08-25
发布日期:
2021-10-25
通讯作者:
李颖明,女,河北衡水人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为科技创新与可持续发展。E-mail: liyingming@casisd.cn作者简介:
汪明月,男,江西南昌人,特别研究助理,博士后,研究方向为绿色技术创新与环境治理政策。E-mail: smilemingyue@126.com
基金资助:
WANG Mingyue1(), LI Yingming1,2(
), WANG Zitong1,2
Received:
2020-09-09
Revised:
2020-12-28
Online:
2021-08-25
Published:
2021-10-25
摘要:
绿色技术创新可划分为末端治理技术创新、绿色工艺创新和绿色产品创新,在改进环境绩效和市场竞争力的同时,也能够提高企业的经济绩效。本文构建了绿色技术创新升级和经济绩效改善的关系模型,以642家工业企业为样本进行实证分析。研究结果表明:①企业3类绿色技术创新均能够显著改善其环境绩效和市场竞争力。②企业环境绩效和市场竞争力是经济绩效传导过程中的重要中介变量。③企业末端治理技术创新能够促进绿色工艺创新和绿色产品创新,企业绿色工艺创新能够正向影响企业的绿色产品创新,即不同类型绿色技术创新之间存在技术创新升级的空间。④不同类型绿色技术创新向经济绩效传导的路径存在一定的差异性,表现为绿色工艺创新能够直接产生经济绩效,而末端治理技术创新、绿色产品创新只能通过间接路径提高企业的经济绩效。通过上述研究识别了企业3种不同类型绿色技术创新之间的传导关系,对比分析了不同类型绿色技术创新经济绩效提升的异同性,给出了更多的企业绿色技术创新经济绩效提升的路径,对于深化绿色技术创新过程认识及优化政策设计具有重要意义。
汪明月, 李颖明, 王子彤. 工业企业不同类型绿色技术创新内在关联与绩效传导路径[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(8): 1534-1548.
WANG Mingyue, LI Yingming, WANG Zitong. Relationship and performance transmission paths of different types of green technology innovation in industrial enterprises[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(8): 1534-1548.
表1
潜变量的信度和效度
构念 | 题项 | 因子载荷 | 组合信度 | 平均变抽取(AVE) | Cronbach’s α |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EGT | EGT1 | 0.831 | 0.916 | 0.685 | 0.885 |
EGT2 | 0.847 | ||||
EGT3 | 0.828 | ||||
EGT4 | 0.801 | ||||
EGT5 | 0.831 | ||||
PGT | PGT1 | 0.799 | 0.901 | 0.646 | 0.863 |
PGT2 | 0.830 | ||||
PGT3 | 0.808 | ||||
PGT4 | 0.776 | ||||
PGT5 | 0.806 | ||||
GPI | GPI1 | 0.777 | 0.893 | 0.677 | 0.836 |
GPI2 | 0.807 | ||||
GPI3 | 0.806 | ||||
GPI4 | 0.896 | ||||
GEP | GEP1 | 0.815 | 0.899 | 0.639 | 0.859 |
GEP2 | 0.805 | ||||
GEP3 | 0.783 | ||||
GEP4 | 0.794 | ||||
GEP5 | 0.801 | ||||
MCP | MCP1 | 0.831 | 0.931 | 0.730 | 0.907 |
MCP2 | 0.820 | ||||
MCP3 | 0.933 | ||||
MCP4 | 0.847 | ||||
MCP5 | 0.835 | ||||
GFP | GFP1 | 0.831 | 0.895 | 0.632 | 0.854 |
GFP2 | 0.763 | ||||
GFP3 | 0.804 | ||||
GFP4 | 0.803 | ||||
GFP5 | 0.771 |
表2
描述性统计与相关系数矩阵
变量 | AVE | STE | EGT | PGT | GPI | GEP | MCP | GFP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EGT | 5.400 | 0.698 | 0.828 | |||||
PGT | 5.504 | 0.771 | 0.472** | 0.804 | ||||
GPI | 5.481 | 0.830 | 0.345** | 0.482** | 0.823 | |||
GEP | 5.506 | 0.770 | 0.479** | 0.471** | 0.410** | 0.799 | ||
MCP | 5.126 | 0.895 | 0.421** | 0.423** | 0.359** | 0.454** | 0.854 | |
GFP | 4.949 | 0.918 | 0.322** | 0.388** | 0.283** | 0.427** | 0.614** | 0.795 |
表3
回归分析结果
| 绿色工艺创新 | 绿色产品创新 | 企业环境绩效 | 企业市场竞争力 | 企业经济绩效 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | |
常数项 | 2.533*** | 2.256*** | 1.575*** | 0.589 | 2.434*** |
自变量 | |||||
末端治理技术创新 | 0.514*** | 0.466*** | 0.338*** | 0.204*** | -0.034 |
绿色工艺创新 | 0.177*** | 0.233*** | 0.187*** | 0.142** | |
绿色产品创新 | 0.179*** | 0.120** | -0.019 | ||
企业环境绩效 | 0.292*** | 0.200*** | |||
企业市场竞争力 | 0.496*** | ||||
控制变量 | |||||
企业年龄 | 0.028 | -0.044 | -0.013 | -0.006 | -0.020 |
企业规模 | 0.009 | -0.043 | -0.021 | 0.025 | -0.025 |
员工结构 | -0.020 | 0.035 | -0.042 | 0.106*** | 0.070* |
营业收入 | 0.033 | 0.003 | 0.018 | 0.033 | 0.028 |
检验值 | |||||
R2 | 0.228 | 0.256 | 0.339 | 0.330 | 0.423 |
F值 | 37.568*** | 36.350*** | 46.413*** | 41.270*** | 51.446*** |
表4
直接与间接效应检验
路径效应 | 估计值 | 标准误 | LLCI | ULCI |
---|---|---|---|---|
总效应 | 0.386 | 0.049 | 0.290 | 0.483 |
直接效应 | -0.034 | 0.049 | -0.131 | 0.062 |
总间接效应 | 0.420 | 0.042 | 0.342 | 0.505 |
特定间接路径 | ||||
Ind 01:EGT→PGT→GFP | 0.073 | 0.030 | 0.015 | 0.133 |
Ind 02:EGT→GPI→GFP | -0.003 | 0.009 | -0.022 | 0.012 |
Ind 03:EGT→GEP→GFP | 0.067 | 0.019 | 0.032 | 0.107 |
Ind 04:EGT→MCP→GFP | 0.101 | 0.027 | 0.049 | 0.155 |
Ind 05:EGT→PGT→GPI→GFP | -0.004 | 0.011 | -0.026 | 0.016 |
Ind 06:EGT→PGT→GEP→GFP | 0.024 | 0.009 | 0.010 | 0.044 |
Ind 07:EGT→PGT→MCP→GFP | 0.048 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.081 |
Ind 08:EGT→GPI→GEP→GFP | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.013 |
Ind 09:EGT→GPI→MCP→GFP | 0.011 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.023 |
Ind 10:EGT→GEP→MCP→GFP | 0.049 | 0.013 | 0.027 | 0.079 |
Ind 11:EGT→PGT→GPI→GEP→GFP | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.016 |
Ind 12:EGT→PGT→GPI→MCP→GFP | 0.014 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.026 |
Ind 13:EGT→PGT→GEP→MCP→GFP | 0.017 | 0.006 | 0.008 | 0.031 |
Ind 14:EGT→GPI→GEP→MCP→GFP | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.009 |
Ind 15:EGT→PGT→GPI→GEP→MCP→GFP | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.010 |
表5
间接效应比较
路径比较 | 估计值 | 标准误 | LLCI | ULCI | 路径比较 | 估计值 | 标准误 | LLCI | ULCI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ind 01-Ind 08 | 0.067 | 0.030 | 0.009 | 0.127 | Ind 04-Ind 14 | 0.096 | 0.027 | 0.044 | 0.151 |
Ind 01-Ind 09 | 0.063 | 0.031 | 0.004 | 0.123 | Ind 04-Ind 15 | 0.095 | 0.027 | 0.044 | 0.149 |
Ind 01-Ind 11 | 0.065 | 0.031 | 0.006 | 0.125 | Ind 06-Ind 08 | 0.018 | 0.009 | 0.004 | 0.038 |
Ind 01-Ind 14 | 0.069 | 0.030 | 0.011 | 0.128 | Ind 06-Ind 11 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.035 |
Ind 01-Ind 15 | 0.067 | 0.030 | 0.009 | 0.127 | Ind 06-Ind 14 | 0.019 | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.040 |
Ind 03-Ind 06 | 0.044 | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.078 | Ind 06-Ind 15 | 0.018 | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.039 |
Ind 03-Ind 08 | 0.061 | 0.018 | 0.028 | 0.098 | Ind 07-Ind 08 | 0.041 | 0.016 | 0.011 | 0.074 |
Ind 03-Ind 09 | 0.057 | 0.020 | 0.019 | 0.096 | Ind 07-Ind 09 | 0.037 | 0.017 | 0.005 | 0.073 |
Ind 03-Ind 11 | 0.059 | 0.018 | 0.027 | 0.095 | Ind 07-Ind 11 | 0.039 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.073 |
Ind 03-Ind 12 | 0.054 | 0.020 | 0.015 | 0.094 | Ind 07-Ind 14 | 0.043 | 0.016 | 0.013 | 0.076 |
Ind 03-Ind 13 | 0.050 | 0.021 | 0.010 | 0.092 | Ind 07-Ind 15 | 0.042 | 0.016 | 0.012 | 0.075 |
Ind 03-Ind 14 | 0.063 | 0.019 | 0.027 | 0.102 | Ind 10-Ind 11 | 0.041 | 0.014 | 0.016 | 0.073 |
Ind 03-Ind 15 | 0.062 | 0.019 | 0.025 | 0.101 | Ind 10-Ind 12 | 0.035 | 0.014 | 0.011 | 0.066 |
Ind 04-Ind 06 | 0.077 | 0.028 | 0.022 | 0.133 | Ind 10-Ind 13 | 0.032 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.057 |
Ind 04-Ind 08 | 0.095 | 0.027 | 0.044 | 0.149 | Ind 10-Ind 14 | 0.044 | 0.013 | 0.023 | 0.073 |
Ind 04-Ind 09 | 0.091 | 0.028 | 0.034 | 0.147 | Ind 10-Ind 15 | 0.043 | 0.013 | 0.023 | 0.072 |
Ind 04-Ind 11 | 0.093 | 0.026 | 0.041 | 0.146 | Ind 13-Ind 15 | 0.013 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.026 |
Ind 04-Ind 12 | 0.087 | 0.028 | 0.031 | 0.143 | Ind 14-Ind 15 | 0.011 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.025 |
Ind 04-Ind 13 | 0.084 | 0.028 | 0.028 | 0.139 |
[1] | 曾刚, 陆琳忆, 何金廖. 生态创新对资源型城市产业结构与工业绿色效率的影响[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(1):94-103. |
[ Zeng G, Lu L Y, He J L. Impact of ecological innovation on the economic transformation of resource-based cities[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(1):94-103.] | |
[2] |
Peng B H, Zheng C Y, Wei G, et al. The cultivation mechanism of green technology innovation in manufacturing industry: From the perspective of ecological niche[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119711.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119711 |
[3] |
Gente V, Pattanaro G. The place of eco-innovation in the current sustainability debate[J]. Waste Management, 2019, 88:96-101.
doi: S0956-053X(19)30158-8 pmid: 31079654 |
[4] |
Barbieri N, Marzucchi A, Rizzo U. Knowledge sources and impacts on subsequent inventions: Do green technologies differ from non-green ones?[J]. Research Policy, 2020, DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2019.103901.
doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2019.103901 |
[5] |
Cai X, Zhu B Z, Zhang H J, et al. Can direct environmental regulation promote green technology innovation in heavily polluting industries? Evidence from Chinese listed companies[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140810.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140810 |
[6] |
Wu H, Qu Y Y. How do firms promote green innovation through international mergers and acquisitions: The moderating role of green image and green subsidy[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147333
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147333 |
[7] |
Zhu L, Luo J, Dong Q L, et al. Green technology innovation efficiency of energy-intensive industries in China from the perspective of shared resources: Dynamic change and improvement path[J]. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2021, DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120890.
doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120890 |
[8] |
Hojnik J, Ruzzier M. The driving forces of process eco-innovation and its impact on performance: Insights from Slovenia[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 133:812-825.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.002 |
[9] |
Sellitto M A, Camfield C G, Buzuku S. Green innovation and competitive advantages in a furniture industrial cluster: A survey and structural model[J]. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2020, 23:94-104.
doi: 10.1016/j.spc.2020.04.007 |
[10] |
Li G P, Wang X Y, Su S B, et al. How green technological innovation ability influences enterprise competitiveness?[J]. Technology in Society, 2019, DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2019.04.012.
doi: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2019.04.012 |
[11] |
Xie X M, Huo J G, Zou H L. Green process innovation, green product innovation, and corporate financial performance: A content analysis method[J]. Journal of Business Research, 2019, 101:697-706.
doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.010 |
[12] |
Wang M Y, Li Y M, Li J Q, Wang Z T. Green process innovation, green product innovation and its economic performance improvement paths: A survey and structural model[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021, DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113282.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113282 |
[13] | 熊爱华, 丁友强, 胡玉凤. 低碳门槛下绿色创新补贴对全要素生产率的影响[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(11):2184-2195. |
[ Xiong A H, Ding Y Q, Hu Y F. Impact of low-carbon subsidies and green innovation on total factor productivity in view of the threshold effect of carbon emission reduction[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(11):2184-2195.] | |
[14] |
Xie X M, Huo J G, Qi G Y, et al. Green process innovation and financial performance in emerging economies: Moderating effects of absorptive capacity and green subsidies[J]. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 2016, 63(1):101-112.
doi: 10.1109/TEM.2015.2507585 |
[15] |
Dai R, Zhang J X. Green process innovation and differentiated pricing strategies with environmental concerns of South-North markets[J]. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2017, 98:132-150.
doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2016.12.009 |
[16] |
Dong Y, Wang X, Jin J, et al. Effects of eco-innovation typology on its performance: Empirical evidence from Chinese enterprises[J]. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 2014, 34:78-98.
doi: 10.1016/j.jengtecman.2013.11.001 |
[17] |
Long X L, Chen Y Q, Du J G, et al. The effect of environmental innovation behavior on economic and environmental performance of 182 Chinese firms[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 166:1274-1282.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.070 |
[18] |
Dangelico R M, Pontrandolfo P. Being ‘Green and Competitive’: The impact of environmental actions and collaborations on firm performance[J]. Business Strategy and the Environment, 2013, 24(6):413-430.
doi: 10.1002/bse.v24.6 |
[19] |
Reinhardt F. Market failure and the environmental policies of firms’ economic rationales for beyond compliance behavior[J]. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2010, 3(1):9-21.
doi: 10.1162/108819899569368 |
[20] |
Marin G. Do eco-innovations harm productivity growth through crowding out? Results of an extended CDM model for Italy[J]. Research Policy, 2014, 43(2):301-317.
doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2013.10.015 |
[21] |
Lin R J, Tan K H, Geng Y. Market demand, green product innovation, and firm performance: Evidence from Vietnam motorcycle industry[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2013, 40:101-107.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.01.001 |
[22] | Oke A. Innovation types and innovation management practices in service companies[J]. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 2007, 27(6):564-587. |
[23] |
Li D Y, Zheng M, Cao C C, et al. The impact of legitimacy pressure and corporate profitability on green innovation: Evidence from China top 100[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017, 141:41-49.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.123 |
[24] |
Kam-Sing W S. The influence of green product competitiveness on the success of green product innovation[J]. European Journal of Innovation Management, 2012, 15(4):468-490.
doi: 10.1108/14601061211272385 |
[25] | 曲峰庚, 董宇鸿. 绿色创新:新经济时代企业成长动力[M]. 北京: 经济科学出版社, 2013. |
[ Qu F G, Dong Y H. Green Innovation: The Driving Force of Enterprise Growth in the New Economic Era[M]. Beijing: Economic Science Press, 2013.] | |
[26] |
Qiu L, Jie X W, Wang Y A, et al. Green product innovation, green dynamic capability, and competitive advantage: Evidence from Chinese manufacturing enterprises[J]. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 2020, 27(1):146-165.
doi: 10.1002/csr.v27.1 |
[27] |
Boons F, Wagner M. Assessing the relationship between economic and ecological performance: Distinguishing system levels and the role of innovation[J]. Ecological Economics, 2009, DOI: 10.1002/csr.1780.
doi: 10.1002/csr.1780 |
[28] | 刘贝贝, 左其亭, 刁艺璇. 绿色科技创新在黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展中的价值体现及实现路径[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(2):423-432. |
[ Liu B B, Zuo Q T, Diao Y X. The value and pathways of green technology innovation for ecological conservation and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(2):423-432.] | |
[29] |
Chesbrough H, Lim K, Ruan Y. Open innovation and patterns of R&D competition[J]. International Journal of Technology Management, 2007, 52(3):295-321.
doi: 10.1504/IJTM.2010.035978 |
[30] |
Porter M E, Linde C V D. Toward a new conception of the environment-competitiveness relationship[J]. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1995, 9(4):97-118.
doi: 10.1257/jep.9.4.97 |
[31] |
Singjai K, Winata L, Kummer T F. Green initiatives and their competitive advantage for the hotel industry in developing countries[J]. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 2018, 75:131-143.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.03.007 |
[32] |
Tu Y, Wu W K. How does green innovation improve enterprises’ competitive advantage? The role of organizational learning[J]. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2020, 26(2):504-516.
doi: 10.1016/j.spc.2020.12.031 |
[33] |
Reinhardt, Forest. Market failure and the environmental policies of firms’ economic rationales for beyond compliance behavior[J]. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2010, 3(1):9-21.
doi: 10.1162/108819899569368 |
[34] |
Shan S, Gen S Y, Kamran H W, et al. Role of green technology innovation and renewable energy in carbon neutrality: A sustainable investigation from Turkey[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021, DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113004.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113004 |
[35] |
Chen Y S. The driver of green innovation and green image: Green core competence[J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 2008, 81(3):531-543.
doi: 10.1007/s10551-007-9522-1 |
[36] |
Yook K H, Choi J H, Suresh N C. Linking green purchasing capabilities to environmental and economic performance: The moderating role of firm size[J]. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 2018, 24(4):326-337.
doi: 10.1016/j.pursup.2017.09.001 |
[37] |
Nishitani K, Jannah N, Kaneko S, et al. Does corporate environmental performance enhance financial performance? An empirical study of indonesian firms[J]. Environmental Development, 2017, 23:10-21.
doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2017.06.003 |
[38] |
Wang M Y, Cheng Z X, Li Y M, et al. Impact of market regulation on economic and environmental performance: A game model of endogenous green technological innovation[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123969.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123969 |
[39] |
Zhang Y, Wang J R, Xue Y J, et al. Impact of environmental regulations on green technological innovative behavior: An empirical study in China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 188:763-773.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.013 |
[40] |
Triguero A, Moreno-Mondéjar L, Davia M A. Drivers of different types of eco-innovation in European SMEs[J]. Ecological Economics, 2013, 92:25-33.
doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.04.009 |
[41] |
Damanpour F. An integration of research findings of effects of firm size and market competition on product and process innovations[J]. British Journal of Management, 2010, 21(4):996-1010.
doi: 10.1111/bjom.2010.21.issue-4 |
[42] |
Tang M F, Walsh G, Lerner D, et al. Green innovation, managerial concern and firm performance: An empirical study[J]. Business Strategy and the Environment, 2018, 27(1):39-51.
doi: 10.1002/bse.v27.1 |
[43] |
Ar, Murat I. The impact of green product innovation on firm performance and competitive capability: The moderating role of managerial environmental concern[J]. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012, 62(1):854-864.
doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.144 |
[44] |
Huang X X, Hu Z P, Liu C S, et al. The relationships between regulatory and customer pressure, green organizational responses, and green innovation performance[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 112:3423-3433.
doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.10.106 |
[1] | 徐乐, 赵领娣. 重点产业政策的新能源技术创新效应研究[J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41(1): 113-131. |
[2] | 朱亮峰. 煤炭企业经济效益与外部倒逼和内部资金运营的关系分析[J]. 资源科学, 2015, 37(12): 2414-2420. |
|