环境规制、要素区际流动与城市群产业结构调整

doi:10.18402/resci.2021.08.02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于城市群视角,聚焦要素区际流动机制,探讨环境规制对产业结构调整的影响具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文在阐述环境规制、要素区际流动与产业结构调整理论机制的基础上,构建环境规制综合指数、要素区际流动指数等,并基于中国十大代表性城市群2003—2018年的数据进行实证检验。结果显示：①各类样本检验均表明环境规制能够显著促进产业结构调整;②整体样本下环境规制能够分别通过劳动区际流动、资本区际流动和技术区际流动促进产业结构调整;③分区域及不同环境规制水平样本下中介效应存在异质性：东部城市群和中环境规制组的3类要素区际流动在环境规制与产业结构调整之间均存在显著的中介效应;中西部城市群仅劳动要素区际流动呈现显著的中介效应,高规制组3类要素区际流动中介效应均不显著。针对分析结果,本文提出了相应政策建议,以期破解城市群资源环境难题,探寻城市群要素优化配置和产业结构调整路径,推动中国城市群高质量发展。

关键词: 城市群, 环境规制, 要素区际流动, 产业结构调整, 中介效应模型, 面板门槛回归模型

Abstract:

Examining the impact of environmental regulation on the adjustment of industrial structure by focusing on the mechanism of interregional flow of elements from the perspective of urban agglomerations has important theoretical and practical significance. This study constructed a comprehensive index of environmental regulation and an index of interregional flow of elements, and made empirical tests based on the data of China’s top 10 representative urban agglomerations from 2003 to 2018 to analyze the mechanism of influence of environmental regulation and interregional flow of elements on the adjustment of industrial structure. The results show that: (1) Environmental regulation can significantly promote the adjustment of industrial structure in all kinds of sample groups; (2) Environmental regulation can promote the adjustment of industrial structure through the interregional flow of labor, capital, and technology for the overall sample; (3) There is heterogeneity in the mediation effect for the subregional and regulatory level group samples: the three types of interregional flow of elements show significant mediation effect between environmental regulation and the adjustment of industrial structure for the eastern urban agglomerations and the group of medium level environmental regulation; only the interregional flow of labor shows significant mediation effect for the urban agglomerations in the central and western regions; and the mediation effects of the three types of interregional flow of elements are not significant for the high level environmental regulation group. Finally, the article put forward corresponding policy recommendations based on the conclusions in order to solve the resource and environment problems, explore the paths of optimal allocation of elements and adjustment of industrial structure of urban agglomerations, and promote the high-quality development of China’s urban agglomerations.

Key words: urban agglomerations, environmental regulation, interregional flow of elements, adjustment of industrial structure, mediating effect model, panel threshold regression model

郑晓舟, 郭晗, 卢山冰. 环境规制、要素区际流动与城市群产业结构调整[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(8): 1522-1533.

ZHENG Xiaozhou, GUO Han, LU Shanbing. Environmental regulation, interregional flow of elements, and adjustment of industrial structure in urban agglomerations[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(8): 1522-1533.

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变量	全部城市群		东部城市群		中西部城市群
变量	均值	标准差	均值	标准差	均值	标准差
str	0.686	0.229	0.707	0.237	0.656	0.214
er	0.529	1.361	0.557	1.573	0.488	0.989
fac1	-0.008	0.878	0.007	0.777	-0.026	1.009
fac2	0.004	0.763	0.007	0.981	-0.001	0.221
fac3	0.006	1.205	0.008	1.574	0.004	0.127
lngdp	16.217	1.011	16.521	0.969	15.791	0.910
fdi	0.033	0.030	0.038	0.033	0.027	0.026

	全部城市群	东部城市群	中西部城市群
L.str	0.930***	0.931***	0.939***
	(133.78)	(91.18)	(65.18)
er	0.002***	0.001***	0.005***
	(6.01)	(3.32)	(6.03)
lngdp	0.024***	0.023***	0.025***
	(19.17)	(15.41)	(7.38)
fdi	-0.045	-0.082*	0.005
	(-1.75)	(-2.56)	(0.10)
_cons	-0.347***	-0.327***	-0.364***
	(-14.74)	(-11.85)	(-5.99)
N	1980	1155	825

	（1）	（2）	（3）	（4）	（5）	（6）	（7）
	str	fac1	str	fac2	str	fac3	str
L.str	0.930***		0.936***		0.935***		0.934***
	(133.78)		(135.51)		(133.78)		(133.71)
er	0.002***	0.046^**	0.002***	0.031*	0.002***	0.047*	0.002***
	(6.01)	(2.87)	(5.03)	(2.26)	(5.58)	(2.15)	(5.64)
fac1			0.004***
			(7.19)
					0.003***
fac2					(4.82)
fac3							0.002***
							(4.45)
lngdp	0.024***	0.138**	0.025***	-0.291***	0.026***	-0.426***	0.025***
	(19.17)	(3.29)	(20.19)	(-8.06)	(19.88)	(-7.46)	(19.77)
fdi	-0.045	-0.171	-0.040	1.363	-0.046	2.953*	-0.048
	(-1.75)	(-0.16)	(-1.58)	(1.52)	(-1.79)	(2.09)	(-1.87)
_cons	-0.347***	-2.266***	-0.369***	4.656***	-0.375***	6.787***	-0.370***
	(-14.74)	(-3.32)	(-15.78)	(7.93)	(-15.56)	(7.31)	(-15.43)
N	1980	2112	1980	2112	1980	2112	1980

	str	fac1	str	fac2	str	fac3	str
L.str	0.931***		0.934***		0.935***		0.934***
	(91.18)		(93.02)		(92.18)		(91.94)
er	0.001***	0.033*	0.001**	0.038*	0.001**	0.061*	0.001**
	(3.32)	(2.06)	(2.74)	(1.94)	(2.95)	(1.93)	(3.00)
fac1			0.005***
			(6.32)
fac2					0.003***
					(4.78)
fac3							0.002***
							(4.22)
lngdp	0.023***	-0.190***	0.025***	-0.515***	0.025***	-0.746***	0.024***
	(15.41)	(-3.79)	(16.71)	(-8.32)	(16.28)	(-7.49)	(16.09)
fdi	-0.082*	-1.416	-0.075*	-0.407	-0.079*	0.790	-0.083**
	(-2.56)	(-1.29)	(-2.37)	(-0.30)	(-2.50)	(0.36)	(-2.61)
_cons	-0.327***	3.185***	-0.364***	8.506***	-0.363***	12.27***	-0.355***
	(-11.85)	(3.79)	(-13.13)	(8.21)	(-12.81)	(7.35)	(-12.60)
N	1155	1232	1155	1232	1155	1232	1155

	str	fac1	str	fac2	str	fac3	str
L.str	0.939***		0.937***		0.939***		0.938***
	(65.18)		(65.28)		(65.25)		(65.13)
er	0.005***	0.097*	0.005***	-0.002	0.005***	-0.017**	0.005***
	(6.03)	(2.49)	(5.58)	(-0.26)	(6.02)	(-3.26)	(5.84)
fac1			0.002*
			(2.55)
					-0.004
fac2					(-1.47)
fac3							-0.007
							(-1.37)
lngdp	0.025***	0.562***	0.024***	0.006	0.025***	0.021*	0.025***
	(7.38)	(7.45)	(7.18)	(0.33)	(7.41)	(2.11)	(7.43)
fdi	0.005	-8.173***	0.018	-0.120	0.004	-0.292	0.005
	(0.10)	(-3.42)	(0.40)	(-0.22)	(0.09)	(-0.93)	(0.12)
_cons	-0.364***	-8.730***	-0.353***	-0.087	-0.366***	-0.312*	-0.366***
	(-5.99)	(-7.45)	(-5.82)	(-0.32)	(-6.02)	(-2.01)	(-6.03)
N	825	880	825	880	825	880	825