资源科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 1522-1533.doi: 10.18402/resci.2021.08.02
收稿日期:
2020-11-25
修回日期:
2021-02-18
出版日期:
2021-08-25
发布日期:
2021-10-25
作者简介:
郑晓舟,女,河南三门峡人,讲师,研究方向为城市群、环境规制、产业结构。E-mail: 986259270@qq.com
基金资助:
ZHENG Xiaozhou1(), GUO Han1, LU Shanbing1,2
Received:
2020-11-25
Revised:
2021-02-18
Online:
2021-08-25
Published:
2021-10-25
摘要:
基于城市群视角,聚焦要素区际流动机制,探讨环境规制对产业结构调整的影响具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文在阐述环境规制、要素区际流动与产业结构调整理论机制的基础上,构建环境规制综合指数、要素区际流动指数等,并基于中国十大代表性城市群2003—2018年的数据进行实证检验。结果显示:①各类样本检验均表明环境规制能够显著促进产业结构调整;②整体样本下环境规制能够分别通过劳动区际流动、资本区际流动和技术区际流动促进产业结构调整;③分区域及不同环境规制水平样本下中介效应存在异质性:东部城市群和中环境规制组的3类要素区际流动在环境规制与产业结构调整之间均存在显著的中介效应;中西部城市群仅劳动要素区际流动呈现显著的中介效应,高规制组3类要素区际流动中介效应均不显著。针对分析结果,本文提出了相应政策建议,以期破解城市群资源环境难题,探寻城市群要素优化配置和产业结构调整路径,推动中国城市群高质量发展。
郑晓舟, 郭晗, 卢山冰. 环境规制、要素区际流动与城市群产业结构调整[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(8): 1522-1533.
ZHENG Xiaozhou, GUO Han, LU Shanbing. Environmental regulation, interregional flow of elements, and adjustment of industrial structure in urban agglomerations[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(8): 1522-1533.
表1
变量的描述性统计
变量 | 全部城市群 | 东部城市群 | 中西部城市群 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | |||
str | 0.686 | 0.229 | 0.707 | 0.237 | 0.656 | 0.214 | ||
er | 0.529 | 1.361 | 0.557 | 1.573 | 0.488 | 0.989 | ||
fac1 | -0.008 | 0.878 | 0.007 | 0.777 | -0.026 | 1.009 | ||
fac2 | 0.004 | 0.763 | 0.007 | 0.981 | -0.001 | 0.221 | ||
fac3 | 0.006 | 1.205 | 0.008 | 1.574 | 0.004 | 0.127 | ||
lngdp | 16.217 | 1.011 | 16.521 | 0.969 | 15.791 | 0.910 | ||
fdi | 0.033 | 0.030 | 0.038 | 0.033 | 0.027 | 0.026 |
表2
直接效应回归结果
全部城市群 | 东部城市群 | 中西部城市群 | |
---|---|---|---|
L.str | 0.930*** | 0.931*** | 0.939*** |
(133.78) | (91.18) | (65.18) | |
er | 0.002*** | 0.001*** | 0.005*** |
(6.01) | (3.32) | (6.03) | |
lngdp | 0.024*** | 0.023*** | 0.025*** |
(19.17) | (15.41) | (7.38) | |
fdi | -0.045 | -0.082* | 0.005 |
(-1.75) | (-2.56) | (0.10) | |
_cons | -0.347*** | -0.327*** | -0.364*** |
(-14.74) | (-11.85) | (-5.99) | |
N | 1980 | 1155 | 825 |
表3
全部城市群样本下的中介效应回归结果
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
str | fac1 | str | fac2 | str | fac3 | str | |
L.str | 0.930*** | 0.936*** | 0.935*** | 0.934*** | |||
(133.78) | (135.51) | (133.78) | (133.71) | ||||
er | 0.002*** | 0.046** | 0.002*** | 0.031* | 0.002*** | 0.047* | 0.002*** |
(6.01) | (2.87) | (5.03) | (2.26) | (5.58) | (2.15) | (5.64) | |
fac1 | 0.004*** | ||||||
(7.19) | |||||||
0.003*** | |||||||
fac2 | (4.82) | ||||||
fac3 | 0.002*** | ||||||
(4.45) | |||||||
lngdp | 0.024*** | 0.138** | 0.025*** | -0.291*** | 0.026*** | -0.426*** | 0.025*** |
(19.17) | (3.29) | (20.19) | (-8.06) | (19.88) | (-7.46) | (19.77) | |
fdi | -0.045 | -0.171 | -0.040 | 1.363 | -0.046 | 2.953* | -0.048 |
(-1.75) | (-0.16) | (-1.58) | (1.52) | (-1.79) | (2.09) | (-1.87) | |
_cons | -0.347*** | -2.266*** | -0.369*** | 4.656*** | -0.375*** | 6.787*** | -0.370*** |
(-14.74) | (-3.32) | (-15.78) | (7.93) | (-15.56) | (7.31) | (-15.43) | |
N | 1980 | 2112 | 1980 | 2112 | 1980 | 2112 | 1980 |
表4
东部城市群样本下的中介效应回归结果
str | fac1 | str | fac2 | str | fac3 | str | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L.str | 0.931*** | 0.934*** | 0.935*** | 0.934*** | |||
(91.18) | (93.02) | (92.18) | (91.94) | ||||
er | 0.001*** | 0.033* | 0.001** | 0.038* | 0.001** | 0.061* | 0.001** |
(3.32) | (2.06) | (2.74) | (1.94) | (2.95) | (1.93) | (3.00) | |
fac1 | 0.005*** | ||||||
(6.32) | |||||||
fac2 | 0.003*** | ||||||
(4.78) | |||||||
fac3 | 0.002*** | ||||||
(4.22) | |||||||
lngdp | 0.023*** | -0.190*** | 0.025*** | -0.515*** | 0.025*** | -0.746*** | 0.024*** |
(15.41) | (-3.79) | (16.71) | (-8.32) | (16.28) | (-7.49) | (16.09) | |
fdi | -0.082* | -1.416 | -0.075* | -0.407 | -0.079* | 0.790 | -0.083** |
(-2.56) | (-1.29) | (-2.37) | (-0.30) | (-2.50) | (0.36) | (-2.61) | |
_cons | -0.327*** | 3.185*** | -0.364*** | 8.506*** | -0.363*** | 12.27*** | -0.355*** |
(-11.85) | (3.79) | (-13.13) | (8.21) | (-12.81) | (7.35) | (-12.60) | |
N | 1155 | 1232 | 1155 | 1232 | 1155 | 1232 | 1155 |
表5
中西部城市群样本下的中介效应回归结果
str | fac1 | str | fac2 | str | fac3 | str | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L.str | 0.939*** | 0.937*** | 0.939*** | 0.938*** | |||
(65.18) | (65.28) | (65.25) | (65.13) | ||||
er | 0.005*** | 0.097* | 0.005*** | -0.002 | 0.005*** | -0.017** | 0.005*** |
(6.03) | (2.49) | (5.58) | (-0.26) | (6.02) | (-3.26) | (5.84) | |
fac1 | 0.002* | ||||||
(2.55) | |||||||
-0.004 | |||||||
fac2 | (-1.47) | ||||||
fac3 | -0.007 | ||||||
(-1.37) | |||||||
lngdp | 0.025*** | 0.562*** | 0.024*** | 0.006 | 0.025*** | 0.021* | 0.025*** |
(7.38) | (7.45) | (7.18) | (0.33) | (7.41) | (2.11) | (7.43) | |
fdi | 0.005 | -8.173*** | 0.018 | -0.120 | 0.004 | -0.292 | 0.005 |
(0.10) | (-3.42) | (0.40) | (-0.22) | (0.09) | (-0.93) | (0.12) | |
_cons | -0.364*** | -8.730*** | -0.353*** | -0.087 | -0.366*** | -0.312* | -0.366*** |
(-5.99) | (-7.45) | (-5.82) | (-0.32) | (-6.02) | (-2.01) | (-6.03) | |
N | 825 | 880 | 825 | 880 | 825 | 880 | 825 |
表9
中环境规制组下的中介效应回归结果
str | fac1 | str | fac2 | str | fac3 | str | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L.str | 0.925*** | 0.931*** | 0.930*** | 0.929*** | |||
(124.81) | (125.81) | (124.36) | (124.38) | ||||
er | 0.005*** | 0.115*** | 0.004*** | 0.064** | 0.005*** | 0.087* | 0.005*** |
(8.25) | (4.17) | (6.95) | (2.70) | (7.74) | (2.31) | (7.84) | |
fac1 | 0.004*** | ||||||
(6.11) | |||||||
fac2 | 0.003*** | ||||||
(4.25) | |||||||
fac3 | 0.001*** | ||||||
(3.90) | |||||||
lngdp | 0.021*** | 0.108* | 0.023*** | -0.348*** | 0.023*** | -0.507*** | 0.022*** |
(14.61) | (2.21) | (15.59) | (-8.37) | (15.29) | (-7.62) | (15.18) | |
fdi | -0.047 | -0.635 | -0.040 | 2.844** | -0.050 | 5.262** | -0.052 |
(-1.59) | (-0.50) | (-1.38) | (2.65) | (-1.71) | (3.06) | (-1.77) | |
_cons | -0.295*** | -1.778* | -0.323*** | 5.490*** | -0.326*** | 7.979*** | -0.321*** |
(-11.07) | (-2.27) | (-12.09) | (8.23) | (-11.86) | (7.46) | (-11.73) | |
N | 1725 | 1840 | 1725 | 1840 | 1725 | 1840 | 1725 |
表10
高环境规制组下的中介效应回归结果
str | fac1 | str | fac2 | str | fac3 | str | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L.str | 0.818*** | 0.820*** | 0.818*** | 0.814*** | |||
(29.37) | (29.23) | (29.27) | (28.85) | ||||
er | 0.010** | 0.010 | 0.001** | 0.001 | 0.001** | 0.006 | 0.001** |
(3.12) | (1.52) | (2.95) | (0.11) | (3.11) | (1.26) | (3.13) | |
fac1 | 0.002 | ||||||
(0.65) | |||||||
fac2 | 0.001 | ||||||
(0.40) | |||||||
fac3 | 0.004 | ||||||
(1.02) | |||||||
lngdp | 0.024*** | 0.006 | 0.024*** | -0.035 | 0.024*** | -0.035 | 0.023*** |
(9.97) | (0.12) | (9.97) | (-0.53) | (9.95) | (-0.99) | (9.84) | |
fdi | -0.034 | -0.775 | -0.035 | -0.953 | -0.033 | -0.644 | -0.027 |
(-0.89) | (-0.96) | (-0.92) | (-0.87) | (-0.86) | (-1.09) | (-0.70) | |
_cons | -0.284*** | -0.073 | -0.287*** | 0.629 | -0.283*** | 0.619 | -0.277*** |
(-5.45) | (-0.09) | (-5.48) | (0.56) | (-5.44) | (1.02) | (-5.30) | |
N | 255 | 272 | 255 | 272 | 255 | 272 | 255 |
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