宅基地退出与再利用研究热点与展望

doi:10.18402/resci.2021.07.01

资源科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 1277-1292.doi: 10.18402/resci.2021.07.01

宅基地退出与再利用研究热点与展望

张佰林¹(), 张凤荣²(), 曲衍波³, 姜广辉⁴, 谢臻⁵, 蔡为民¹

1.天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院,天津 300387
2.中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京 100193
3.山东财经大学公共管理学院,济南 250014
4.北京师范大学地理科学学部自然资源学院,北京100875
5.福建农林大学公共管理学院,福州 350002

收稿日期:2021-04-21 修回日期:2021-07-10 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-08-27
通讯作者: 张凤荣,男,河北沧州人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事土地持续利用评价研究。E-mail: frzhang@cau.edu.cn
作者简介:张佰林,男,山东沂水人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要研究方向为农村居民点评价与规划、农村发展与土地利用转型。E-mail: zhangbailin135@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41801193);国家自然科学基金项目(42077434);国家自然科学基金项目(42071249);天津市农业农村调查研究项目(TJNN2020005)

Research hotspots and prospects of homestead withdrawal and reuse

ZHANG Bailin¹(), ZHANG Fengrong²(), QU Yanbo³, JIANG Guanghui⁴, XIE Zhen⁵, CAI Weimin¹

1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
3. School of Public Management, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China
4. School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
5. School of Public Management, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2021-04-21 Revised:2021-07-10 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-08-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探索宅基地所有权、资格权、使用权“三权分置”,促进闲置宅基地退出与再利用是新时代农村宅基地制度改革的重要任务。本文运用Citespace工具和文献归纳法,系统梳理宅基地退出与再利用研究热点及发展脉络并剖析未来研究的重点领域。结果表明：①伴随农村人口转移和村庄空心化,农户宅基地退出意愿与行为研究成为热点,并逐步转向对两者关系及退出满意度的分析;退出机制与模式是宅基地退出研究的核心,当前研究构建了宅基地退出激励机制、约束机制、收益分配机制和保障机制,提炼了典型地区宅基地退出模式及其特征与成效;宅基地有偿退出及退地农户的生计与发展逐渐成为研究的重点。②退出宅基地的再利用是“三权分置”下宅基地制度改革的另一重点研究内容,集中在宅基地再利用方式、模式与途径。其中,再利用方式集中在复耕、复绿及流转后用于产业发展或居住;再利用模式可分为开发模式与组织模式;再利用途径包括指标交易、出租、入股和联合经营等。未来应以服务乡村振兴为目标,聚焦退出宅基地的价值评估、盘活利用模式及再利用效益评价等方面,推进宅基地“三权分置”改革,关注退地农户生计可持续性与农村社会稳定,为完善宅基地退出与再利用政策体系,推动宅基地制度改革的顺利推进提供支持。

关键词: 宅基地退出, 宅基地再利用, 宅基地制度改革, 三权分置, 热点与展望

Abstract:

Exploring the separation of ownership, qualification right, and use right of homestead and promoting the withdrawal and reuse of idle homesteads is an important task for land system reform. In this study, CiteSpace and document analysis method were used for the bibliometric analysis to identify hotspots of homestead withdrawal and reuse research and analyze its progress. The results show that: (1) With the transfer of rural population to urban areas and village hollowing, the willingness and behavior of farmers’ homestead withdrawal became a hot research topic, and relevant studies gradually focus on the relationship between them and satisfaction of farmers in the process; the mechanism and models of withdrawal are the core of homestead withdrawal research. In existing research scholars have constructed the incentive and constraint mechanism of homestead withdrawal and income distribution and guarantee mechanism, and extracted and analyzed the homestead withdrawal models and their applicability in typical areas; the compensation of homestead withdrawal and farmers’ interest after withdrawal have also become the focus of research. (2) Under the background of “Separation of Three Rights”, research on the reuse of homesteads after withdrawal became the key and hotspots of reform of the homestead system, which focuses on the ways of reuse, models, and approaches. The ways of homestead reuse focus on reclamation for farmland and green land, and transfer to other farmers for the same use or as land for new industries and commercial activities; the models of homestead reuse can be divided into development model and organization mode; the approaches of homestead reuse include trading, leasing, equity, and joint operation. (3) In the future, the research of homestead withdrawal and reuse should aim at rural revitalization, focusing on homestead value evaluation, models of reuse, and benefits of reuse, promoting the reform of rural homestead “Separation of Rights”. Future research should also focus on sustainable livelihoods of farmers and rural social sustainability to improve the homestead withdrawal and reuse policy system, and promote land system reform.

Key words: homestead withdrawal, homestead reuse, reform of the homestead system, Separation of Three Rights, hotspots and prospects

张佰林, 张凤荣, 曲衍波, 姜广辉, 谢臻, 蔡为民. 宅基地退出与再利用研究热点与展望[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(7): 1277-1292.

ZHANG Bailin, ZHANG Fengrong, QU Yanbo, JIANG Guanghui, XIE Zhen, CAI Weimin. Research hotspots and prospects of homestead withdrawal and reuse[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(7): 1277-1292.

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时间段	主要关键词	文献数量	主要研究内容	作者
2009—2013年	—	—	—	—
2014—2017年	宅基地退出意愿、农户差异、影响因素、农村地籍调查	2	利用实地调研和个案研究方法,分析影响农户宅基地退出意愿的因素	Chen等^[8]、Zhong等^[9]
2018—2021年	宅基地制度改革、空心村重构、城乡移民、户口转移意愿、农民利益、宅基地调查、三权分置、演化博弈	12	利用无人机、深度学习监测宅基地利用状况,评估宅基地退出政策满意度和目标设置的合理性,分析宅基地对农村人口迁移、城乡住房权利平等化的影响,关注退出过程中利益相关者的动态博弈,探讨宅基地资本化的可行路径	Tian等^[10]、Wu等^[11]、Zhao等^[12]、Zhang^[13]、Lu等^[14]、Gu等^[15]、Kong等^[16]、Lyu等^[17]、Zhang等^[18]、Tang等^[19]、Song等^[20]

测度方法/视角	价值构成与测算结果
宅基地功能视角	商丘市宅基地住房保障功能和生产要素价值分别为227.045元/m²和243.797元/m^2[46];镇江市西冯村宅基地退出住房保障功能价值、生产经营功能价值、经济财产功能价值、情感传承功能价值分别为206.91元/m²、16.13元/m²、164.69元/m²和15.22元/m^2[47]
机会成本视角	扬州市宅基地直接经济价值、农村生活方式保持价值、宅基地发展权价值和复垦的新增耕地经济价值分别为242.45元/m²、73.39元/m²、58.81元/m²和21.82元/m^2[48]
宅基地价值演变视角	成都市温江区宅基地假定未退出的宅基地价值为499.5万元/hm²,理论上补偿标准为1435.65万元/hm²,农民获取的土地增值为936.15万元/hm^2[49]
土地发展权视角	哈尔滨市宅基地退出经济财产价值、机会成本损失、增值价值、住房保障价值和副业生产价值分别为500元/m²、325.22元/m²、1763.13元/m²、114.41元/m²和257.19元/m^2[50]
其他	基于条件价值评估法的山东省临清市农户宅基地退出的平均受偿意愿为704.22元/m^2[51];基于成本逼近法的鄂州市蒲团乡宅基地价值约为212.51元/m^2[52]

宅基地退出与再利用研究热点与展望

Research hotspots and prospects of homestead withdrawal and reuse

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