白洋淀流域NDVI时空演变及其对气候变化的响应

doi:10.18402/resci.2021.06.15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

了解植被覆盖的动态变化及其对气候变化的响应,对区域生态环境的保护和建设具有重要意义。基于SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI数据,本文采用Sen+Mann-Kendall、波动性分析和相关性分析等多元统计方法,探究了2001—2018年间白洋淀流域全区和不同植被类型区NDVI时空演变特征及其对气候变化响应的差异性。结果表明：①2001—2018年白洋淀流域NDVI以0.0031/a的速率增长,显著增长（P<0.05）的区域面积比例为53.79%;针叶林、阔叶林、灌丛、草原、草丛和草甸NDVI呈显著增长（P<0.05）,沼泽和栽培植物NDVI增长趋势不显著。②全流域NDVI总体波动性较小,67.81%的区域NDVI为显著低波动性（P<0.05）;除草原和草甸外,其余植被类型NDVI为显著低波动性的面积比例均超过50%。③除沼泽和栽培植物外,其余各植被类型NDVI对降水的响应较为一致,呈现显著正相关（P<0.05）;气温在流域尺度和不同植被类型区内对NDVI的影响均不显著。本文结果对于理解气候变化对植被生长的作用机理和开展区域生态环境保护及治理有一定意义。

关键词: 植被类型, NDVI, 气候变化, 波动性分析, 相关性分析, 白洋淀流域

Abstract:

Understanding the dynamic changes of vegetation cover and its response to climate change is of great significance for the protection and construction of regional ecological environments. Based on the SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI data, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of NDVI and its response to climate change between 2001-2018 in the whole area as well as in different types of vegetation cover zones of the Baiyangdian Basin were analyzed by using Sen+Mann-Kendall trend analysis, fluctuation analysis, and correlation analysis. The results indicate that: (1) From 2001 to 2018, vegetation NDVI in the whole region showed an increasing trend, with an increase rate of 0.0031/a, and 53.79% area passed the significance test (P<0.05). The NDVI of coniferous forests, broad-leaved forests, bushland, grassland, and meadows showed an obvious increasing trend (P<0.05), but the NDVI of swamp and cultivated land did not show obvious change. (2) The fluctuation of vegetation NDVI in the whole region was low. The fluctuation of NDVI was significantly low in 67.81% area of the region (P<0.05). Except in grassland and meadows, significantly low fluctuation was observed at over 50% of the area in all other vegetation types. (3) There was a weak correlation between NDVI and temperature. Except for swamp and cultivated land, the response of NDVI to precipitation was more consistent for the remaining vegetation types, with a significant positive correlation (P<0.05). The effect of temperature on NDVI was not significant at the watershed scale and in different vegetation types. The results of this study have certain significance for understanding the mechanism of impact of climate change on vegetation growth and for regional ecological environment protection and governance.

Key words: vegetation types, NDVI, climate change, fluctuation analysis, correlation analysis, Baiyangdian Basin

陈婷, 夏军, 邹磊, 闫强. 白洋淀流域NDVI时空演变及其对气候变化的响应[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(6): 1248-1259.

CHEN Ting, XIA Jun, ZOU Lei, YAN Qiang. Spatiotemporal variations of NDVI of different vegetation types in the Baiyangdian Basin under the background of climate change[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(6): 1248-1259.

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植被类型	针叶林	阔叶林	灌丛	草原	草丛	草甸	沼泽	栽培植物	其他
NDVI	0.78	0.79	0.76	0.68	0.75	0.70	0.76	0.75	0.71
面积比例/%	0.90	5.89	1.74	1.19	17.61	2.83	0.77	68.68	0.38

变化趋势	植被类型								全区
变化趋势	针叶林	阔叶林	灌丛	草原	草丛	草甸	沼泽	栽培植物	全区
基本无变化	0.00	0.96	0.94	0.82	1.38	0.43	5.71	4.61	3.21
极显著减少	0.00	3.09	0.27	2.27	0.25	1.22	5.40	4.82	3.20
显著减少	0.00	2.13	0.14	0.62	0.34	0.43	7.30	4.60	3.00
不显著减少	0.00	6.76	2.53	1.65	3.76	1.39	26.67	20.51	13.82
不显著增加	9.25	11.60	11.92	16.29	20.92	11.90	25.71	27.88	22.99
显著增加	5.78	6.80	9.39	14.23	12.04	9.82	10.79	11.56	11.00
极显著增加	84.97	68.66	74.81	64.12	61.31	74.80	18.41	26.02	42.79

波动性	植被类型								全区
波动性	针叶林	阔叶林	灌丛	草原	草丛	草甸	沼泽	栽培植物	全区
极低	16.18	23.74	21.71	6.76	15.60	6.27	44.08	41.52	32.19
低	35.84	47.27	40.60	19.26	43.58	27.35	31.25	31.97	35.62
中	33.82	22.68	28.24	41.39	34.32	31.45	13.82	18.63	23.37
高	12.72	6.10	9.38	31.56	6.43	34.49	9.21	7.87	8.81
极高	1.45	0.21	0.07	1.02	0.07	0.44	1.64	0.02	0.01

波动趋势	植被类型								全区
波动趋势	针叶林	阔叶林	灌丛	草原	草丛	草甸	沼泽	栽培植物	全区
基本无变化	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.02
极显著减少	8.67	7.60	2.47	1.65	2.07	3.21	0.63	0.99	1.83
显著减少	12.43	8.56	4.24	7.22	4.26	6.17	6.35	3.53	4.19
不显著减少	51.73	45.91	45.74	52.37	49.25	52.39	38.10	46.56	46.95
不显著增加	27.17	34.47	44.00	36.49	41.06	35.36	46.67	45.49	43.58
显著增加	0.00	2.30	2.58	1.86	2.79	1.91	5.71	2.74	2.69
极显著增加	0.00	1.17	0.97	0.41	0.57	0.96	2.54	0.67	0.75

气候因子	相关性	植被类型								全区
气候因子	相关性	针叶林	阔叶林	灌丛	草原	草丛	草甸	沼泽	栽培植物	全区
降水	强显著负相关	0.00	0.04	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.04	0.02
	显著负相关	0.00	0.96	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.51	0.35
	不显著负相关	0.00	9.14	1.61	3.51	2.54	2.35	15.56	19.27	12.79
	不显著正相关	9.54	21.95	29.83	35.26	40.77	26.32	77.78	50.83	43.89
	显著正相关	28.61	32.93	36.89	31.75	29.92	31.02	5.71	17.77	23.67
	强显著正相关	61.85	34.97	31.65	29.48	26.77	40.31	0.95	11.59	19.27
气温	强显著负相关	0.00	0.33	0.46	2.47	0.45	0.43	0.00	0.41	0.43
	显著负相关	0.29	0.83	1.71	2.47	1.28	1.13	0.00	1.70	1.57
	不显著负相关	24.86	23.66	36.46	42.68	50.89	31.19	38.10	49.09	45.40
	不显著正相关	59.83	66.99	55.62	51.75	45.11	59.51	60.63	45.27	48.56
	显著正相关	10.12	5.72	3.71	0.62	1.69	5.47	0.63	2.36	2.72
	强显著正相关	4.91	2.46	2.04	0.00	0.57	2.26	0.63	1.18	1.32