资源科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 790-798.doi: 10.18402/resci.2021.04.13
杨剩富1,2, 张鹏1,2, 邹秋丽3
收稿日期:
2020-04-21
修回日期:
2020-07-16
出版日期:
2021-04-25
发布日期:
2021-06-25
作者简介:
杨剩富,男,贵州黄平人,副教授,主要研究方向为土地经济与管理、土地利用转型。E-mail: yangshf@cug.edu.cn
基金资助:
YANG Shengfu1,2, ZHANG Peng1,2, ZOU Qiuli3
Received:
2020-04-21
Revised:
2020-07-16
Online:
2021-04-25
Published:
2021-06-25
摘要:
探讨教育资源差异对住房价格的影响对促进优质教育资源均衡发展、维持房地产市场稳定具有重要意义。本文以武汉市江岸区为研究区,基于研究区2016年6月—2018年5月的住房交易数据,从住房建筑特征、区位特征、邻里特征、学区特征等方面构建Hedonic模型,探索教育资源差异对住房价格的影响;同时引入政策公告期(T1)、政策实施期(T2)两个时间虚拟变量以及对口中小学质量和时间的交互项,研究学区制政策实行前后对学区房价格的影响。研究发现:①学校质量对学区房价格有着显著正向作用,且对口初中质量比小学的影响更加明显。具体而言,小学质量升高一级,住房价格将平均升高11.7%;初中质量升高一级,住房价格将平均升高27.6%。②在T1期,学区制政策因素对小学学区和初中学区房价的影响系数S1T1和S2T1分别为0.049、0.074;在T2期,学区制政策因素对小学学区和初中学区房价的影响系数S1T2和S2T2分别为0.060、0.089。分析发现,由于受到相关住房和入学政策落实实效与居民消费预期等影响,研究期内学区制改革政策的实施对江岸区优质教育的资本化效应为正效应,对促进优质教育资源均衡化发展的效果尚未突显。
杨剩富, 张鹏, 邹秋丽. 教育资源差异对住房价格的影响——以武汉市江岸区为例[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(4): 790-798.
YANG Shengfu, ZHANG Peng, ZOU Qiuli. Effect of educational resource difference on housing price in Jiang’an District, Wuhan City[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(4): 790-798.
表1
特征变量及其描述性统计"
特征类别 | 变量 | 定义变量及量化 | 预期符号 | 极小值 | 极大值 | 均值 | 标准差 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
因变量 | 房价(P) | 指二手房交易价格/(元/ m2) | 7000.00 | 62643.37 | 18770.64 | 6267.88 | |
建筑特征 | 建筑面积(Ar) | 指住房的建筑面积/m2 | + | 11.50 | 264.49 | 92.57 | 36.61 |
房龄(Ag) | 指住房的房龄/年 | - | 0.00 | 32.00 | 10.43 | 6.09 | |
邻里特征 | 物业费(F) | 指小区的物业费/(元/月·m2) | + | 0.20 | 4.80 | 1.48 | 0.77 |
容积率(R1) | 指小区总建筑面积与用地面积的比值 | - | 0.12 | 13.60 | 3.31 | 1.90 | |
绿化率(R2) | 指小区的绿化率水平/% | + | 8.10 | 55.00 | 34.50 | 7.30 | |
公园绿地(G) | 小区1 km内有公园绿地记1,无记0 | + | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.83 | 0.38 | |
商店超市(M) | 小区1 km内有商店超市记1,无记0 | + | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | |
区位特征 | 到江汉路商圈的距离(D1) | 指从小区中心到江岸区CBD的直线距离/km | - | 0.20 | 11.10 | 5.51 | 2.75 |
到最近地铁站的距离(D2) | 指从小区中心到最近地铁站的直线距离/km | - | 0.07 | 1.31 | 0.58 | 0.25 | |
到对口小学的距离(D3) | 指从小区中心到对口小学的直线距离/km | - | 0.04 | 2.24 | 0.62 | 0.46 | |
到对口初中的距离(D4) | 指从小区中心到对口中学的直线距离/km | - | 0.06 | 6.76 | 1.24 | 1.45 | |
学区特征 | 小学质量(S1) | 省级示范小学记3,市级示范小学记2,普通小学记1 | + | 1.00 | 3.00 | 1.22 | 0.51 |
初中质量(S2) | 重点初中记2,普通初中记1 | + | 1.00 | 2.00 | 1.08 | 0.27 |
表2
模型1回归结果"
变量 | 标准系数 | 标准误差 | t | 共线性统计 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
容差 | VIF | ||||
lnAg | -0.066** | 0.029 | -2.293 | 0.373 | 2.679 |
lnF | 0.358*** | 0.028 | 12.765 | 0.388 | 2.578 |
lnR2 | 0.114*** | 0.020 | 5.735 | 0.767 | 1.304 |
G | 0.108*** | 0.019 | 5.629 | 0.834 | 1.199 |
lnD1 | -0.145*** | 0.024 | -6.128 | 0.542 | 1.844 |
lnD2 | -0.091*** | 0.018 | -4.96 | 0.909 | 1.100 |
lnD4 | -0.104*** | 0.022 | -4.815 | 0.659 | 1.518 |
S1 | 0.111*** | 0.022 | 5.032 | 0.625 | 1.599 |
S2 | 0.244*** | 0.021 | 11.533 | 0.682 | 1.466 |
R2 | 0.378 | ||||
调整R2 | 0.375 |
表3
岭回归结果"
模型 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 |
---|---|---|---|
(常量) | 9.586*** | 9.755*** | 9.591*** |
lnAg | -0.082*** | -0.039** | -0.053*** |
lnF | 0.154*** | 0.118*** | 0.139*** |
lnR2 | 0.092*** | 0.088*** | 0.098*** |
G | 0.085*** | 0.057** | 0.071*** |
lnD1 | -0.091** | -0.088*** | -0.081*** |
lnD2 | -0.055** | -0.061*** | -0.056*** |
S1 | 0.031*** | 0.051** | 0.024*** |
S2 | 0.211*** | 0.206*** | 0.189*** |
lnD4 | -0.042*** | -0.024*** | -0.035*** |
T1 | 0.096** | - | 0.072*** |
T2 | - | 0.019*** | 0.107*** |
S1T1 | 0.050*** | - | 0.049** |
S1T2 | - | 0.016*** | 0.060*** |
S2T1 | -0.080*** | - | 0.074*** |
S2T2 | - | 0.026*** | 0.089*** |
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