资源科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 456-464.doi: 10.18402/resci.2021.03.03
李会泉1,2,3(), 胡应燕1,2,4, 李少鹏1,2, 李强1,2, 朱干宇1,2, 张建波1,2, 王兴瑞1,2
收稿日期:
2020-10-09
修回日期:
2021-02-25
出版日期:
2021-03-25
发布日期:
2021-05-25
作者简介:
李会泉,男,辽宁盘锦人,研究员,从事清洁生产与循环利用方面研究。E-mail: hqli@ipe.ac.cn
基金资助:
LI Huiquan1,2,3(), HU Yingyan1,2,4, LI Shaopeng1,2, LI Qiang1,2, ZHU Ganyu1,2, ZHANG Jianbo1,2, WANG Xingrui1,2
Received:
2020-10-09
Revised:
2021-02-25
Online:
2021-03-25
Published:
2021-05-25
摘要:
煤基固废的大规模循环利用,对于中国西北大型能源基地的可持续发展和生态环境保护具有重要现实意义。本文以中国典型能源基地为研究对象,采用区域内固废、产业协同配置的思路,通过煤基固废制备化学品、环保材料、建材等关键技术开发,构建电石渣、气化渣、废催化剂等典型煤基固废循环利用关键产品链。结果表明:①电石渣、气化渣、废催化剂等煤基固废可通过杂质快速分离、矿相调控和载体重构等技术的耦合集成,制备性能良好的脱硫剂、水玻璃、催化剂等系列产品,直接用于区域内煤-电-化企业生产过程;②煤基固废中90%以上的钙、硅、铝得到有效利用,废催化剂中钒、钨、钛金属循环利用率超过90%,气化渣中残碳被有效分离利用。以上构建的循环产品链将煤炭、水资源利用效益分别提升36%和27%,3类典型固废综合利用率由28%提升至85%左右,为煤炭固废的大规模利用提供了新路径,从而可实现煤炭及其伴生/二次资源区域内的高效循环。
李会泉, 胡应燕, 李少鹏, 李强, 朱干宇, 张建波, 王兴瑞. 煤基固废循环利用技术与产品链构建[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(3): 456-464.
LI Huiquan, HU Yingyan, LI Shaopeng, LI Qiang, ZHU Ganyu, ZHANG Jianbo, WANG Xingrui. Recycling and product chain of coal-based solid waste[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(3): 456-464.
表1
典型煤基固废产生特点"
固废名称 | 来源 | 产生情况 | 主要元素 | 主要物质 |
---|---|---|---|---|
粉煤灰 | 电厂/锅炉 | >1200℃,急冷 | Al、Si、Fe、Ca、Li、Ga | 玻璃相、莫来石/刚玉、铁质微珠 |
煤矸石 | 煤炭开采/洗选 | 常温、分选 | Al、Si、Fe、Ca、Li、Ga | 高岭土、炭 |
电石渣 | 电石制备乙炔/发生炉 | 80~90℃,3~15 KPa | Ca、Al、Si、Mg | 氢氧化钙、氧化硅 |
气化渣 | 煤气化/气化炉 | >1200℃,急冷 | C、Al、Si、Fe、Ca、Li、Ga | 玻璃相 |
废SCR催化剂 | 电厂/煤气化脱硝 | 350℃ | Ti、W、V | 二氧化钛 |
脱硫石膏 | 电厂脱硫 | 50~90℃ | Ca、S | 硫酸钙、氢氧化钙、碳酸钙 |
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