资源科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 357-367.doi: 10.18402/resci.2021.02.13
收稿日期:
2020-02-14
修回日期:
2020-06-15
出版日期:
2021-02-25
发布日期:
2021-04-25
通讯作者:
曾坚
作者简介:
刘晓阳,女,山东菏泽人,副研究员,研究方向为城乡生态规划与设计。Email: 基金资助:
LIU Xiaoyang1,3(), WEI Ming2, ZENG Jian3(
), ZHANG Sen3
Received:
2020-02-14
Revised:
2020-06-15
Online:
2021-02-25
Published:
2021-04-25
Contact:
ZENG Jian
摘要:
快速城镇化进程导致区域生境斑块日益破碎化和孤岛化,科学构建生态网络是有效连接生境斑块的重要手段,对保障区域生物多样性和生态安全具有关键意义。以闽三角城市群为研究对象,依照“生态源地识别—阻力面设置—潜在廊道模拟”模式,根据生物栖息地适宜性评价识别生态源地,采用夜间灯光数据修正传统土地覆被赋值确定生态阻力面,基于最小累积阻力模型模拟潜在生态廊道。在此基础上,结合潜力模型进行廊道重要性评价,通过计算网络连通性指数和经济成本比确定廊道提取的合理阈值,提出生态与经济并重型生态网络构建方案。研究结果表明:①识别的生态源地共计45处,总面积约为3542 km2;模拟的潜在生态廊道共计990条,总长度约为5941 km。②源地及廊道的分布均呈现出显著的空间分异,研究区西北部山区丘陵地带的德化县、安溪县、南靖县等分布较为密集,而东南沿海建成区几乎没有分布。③0.73分位数所对应的网络连通性指数成本比达到最高值,此方案下提取的268条潜在廊道可有效连通45处生态源地。研究结果从生态保护与经济发展兼顾视角合理构建区域生态网络体系,可为闽三角城市群生态网络的建设优化提供科学依据。
刘晓阳, 魏铭, 曾坚, 张森. 闽三角城市群生态网络分析与构建[J]. 资源科学, 2021, 43(2): 357-367.
LIU Xiaoyang, WEI Ming, ZENG Jian, ZHANG Sen. Ecological network analysis and construction: A case study of the urban agglomeration of the Min River Delta, China[J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(2): 357-367.
表1
生物栖息地适宜性评价指标及划分标准"
评价指标 | 分级及赋值 | 权重 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
不适宜 (1) | 低适宜 (3) | 中适宜 (5) | 高适宜 (7) | 极高适宜 (9) | ||
土地覆被类型 | 农村居民点 城镇用地 其他建设用地 | 旱地 园地 低覆盖度草地 | 中覆盖草地 其他林地 河渠 | 灌木林 疏林地 湖泊 水库坑塘 沼泽地 | 有林地 高覆盖草地 水田 滩涂 滩地 | 0.216 |
植被指数(NDVI) | [0.0, 0.1) | [0.10, 0.25) | [0.25, 0.40) | [0.40, 0.55) | [0.55, +∞) | 0.123 |
海拔高度/m | [800, +∞) | [600, 800) | [400, 600) | [200, 400) | [0, 200) | 0.103 |
坡度/° | [35, +∞) | [25, 35) | [15, 25) | [5, 15) | [0, 5) | 0.095 |
距水源地距离/km | [3.0, +∞) | [1.5, 3.0) | [1.0, 1.5) | [0.5, 1.0) | [0.0, 0.5) | 0.134 |
距建成区距离/km | [0.0, 2.0) | [2.0, 4.0) | [4.0, 6.0) | [6.0, 8.0) | [8.0, +∞) | 0.177 |
距交通干线距离/km | [0.0, 0.5) | [0.5, 1.0) | [1.0, 2.0) | [2.0, 4.0) | [4.0, +∞) | 0.152 |
表3
不同百分位数下的生态网络构建方案评价结果"
变量 | 百分位 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0分位 | 0.1分位 | 0.2分位 | 0.3分位 | 0.4分位 | 0.5分位 | 0.6分位 | 0.7分位 | 0.8分位 | 0.9分位 | ||
相互作用强度提取阈值 (百分位数) | 0.134 | 0.367 | 0.550 | 0.767 | 1.023 | 1.424 | 2.052 | 3.073 | 4.568 | 8.935 | |
11.13 | 9.96 | 8.80 | 7.64 | 6.47 | 5.31 | 4.14 | 2.98 | 1.81 | 0.96 | ||
22.00 | 19.80 | 17.60 | 15.40 | 13.20 | 11.00 | 8.80 | 6.60 | 4.40 | 2.75 | ||
7.67 | 6.91 | 6.14 | 5.37 | 4.60 | 3.84 | 3.07 | 2.30 | 1.53 | 0.97 | ||
1.00 | 0.88 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.57 | 0.46 | 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.10 | ||
连通性指数成本比 | α/C | 11.13 | 11.33 | 11.25 | 11.32 | 11.41 | 11.50 | 11.17 | 11.60 | 9.85 | 9.96 |
β/C | 22.00 | 22.51 | 22.51 | 22.83 | 23.27 | 23.85 | 23.73 | 23.90 | 23.91 | 28.68 | |
γ/C | 7.67 | 7.85 | 7.85 | 7.96 | 8.12 | 8.32 | 8.28 | 8.34 | 8.34 | 10.12 | |
生态节点数量 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 36 | |
生态廊道数量 | 990 | 891 | 792 | 693 | 594 | 495 | 396 | 297 | 198 | 99 |
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