资源科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 2341-2353.doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.12.07
收稿日期:
2019-11-28
修回日期:
2020-03-11
出版日期:
2020-12-25
发布日期:
2021-02-25
作者简介:
冯斐,男,甘肃平凉人,博士,研究方向为产业经济与区域发展。E-mail:
FENG Fei1(), FENG Xuegang2, HOU Jingchuan2, HUO Dianming2, TANG Rui3
Received:
2019-11-28
Revised:
2020-03-11
Online:
2020-12-25
Published:
2021-02-25
摘要:
环境污染和生态破坏属于市场失灵的一部分,需要政府采用环境规制工具对市场经济进行调整,但环境规制对环境污染和地区经济的影响又会受到自然条件的限制。为了剔除该限制,检验环境规制的有效性,本文以京津冀13个城市面板数据为例,通过构建包含生态环境状况和经济水平的区域生态效率体系,分析环境规制对区域生态效率的影响。研究表明:①与节能环保财政支出相比,环境不良企业监测对京津冀地区的区域生态效率起到显著正向促进作用,说明环境规制对区域生态效率的改善程度依赖于规制工具的选择,并且惩罚型环境规制工具对于京津冀地区的区域生态效率提升更为明显;②环境不良企业监测存在门限效应,随着其强度的增加,对京津冀地区区域生态效率的改善逐渐提升;并且伴随其强度的增加,也会引起节能环保财政支出对区域生态效率的负面影响逐渐降低。基于此,在污染较为严重的经济发达地区,采用严格的惩罚型环境规制工具,能够快速有效地提升该地区的生态环境状况,但在区域生态环境改善趋势明显时,应采取激励型为主、惩罚型为辅的环境规制工具运用策略,从而有效地兼顾地区经济增长与生态效率改善,实现区域生态环境与经济协调发展。
冯斐, 冯学钢, 侯经川, 霍殿明, 唐睿. 经济增长、区域环境污染与环境规制有效性——基于京津冀地区的实证分析[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(12): 2341-2353.
FENG Fei, FENG Xuegang, HOU Jingchuan, HUO Dianming, TANG Rui. Effectiveness of regional environmental regulation, economic growth and environmental pollution: An emprical study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(12): 2341-2353.
表1
主要变量描述性统计结果"
变量 | 单位 | 样本量 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EE | % | 116 | 124.45 | 1.54 | 54.52 | 1044.05 |
fin | 万元 | 117 | 333510.11 | 636073.24 | 30175.46 | 4584400.00 |
firm | 个 | 117 | 659.91 | 1277.37 | 14.00 | 6744.00 |
id | % | 117 | 41.06 | 0.09 | 15.26 | 56.19 |
cd | % | 117 | 29.42 | 0.16 | 7.14 | 71.05 |
xm | % | 117 | 3.05 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 23.97 |
pgdp | 元 | 117 | 46045.13 | 27046.72 | 15114.04 | 128994.13 |
fi | % | 117 | 1.44 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 16.09 |
表2
地区生态效率与不同环境规制工具的基准回归和稳健性检验"
变量 | 基准回归 模型(1) | 稳健性检验 模型(2) |
---|---|---|
lnfirm(-1) | 0.069* (0.042) | |
lnfin(-1) | -0.050 (0.106) | |
plnfirm(-1) | 0.424* (0.257) | |
plnfin(-1) | -0.252 (0.531) | |
id | 6.014*** (1.450) | 6.014*** (1.450) |
cd | 1.422* (0.795) | 1.422* (0.795) |
xm | -46.302*** (2.339) | -46.302*** (2.339) |
lnpgdp | 0.304 (0.332) | 0.304 (0.332) |
fi | -0.494 (1.103) | -0.494 (1.103) |
常数项 | -2.857 (3.581) | -3.194 (3.730) |
sigma_u | 4.157 | 4.157 |
sigma_e | 0.278 | 0.278 |
rho | 0.996 | 0.996 |
R2 | 0.518 | 0.518 |
N | 104 | 104 |
表4
单门限回归结果"
门限变量 | lnfirm(-1) | lnfin(-1) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
模型(3) | 模型(4) | 模型(5) | ||
门限值 | 3.367 | 3.367 | 13.104 | |
lnfin(-1) | -0.060 (0.101) | |||
lnfirm(-1) | -0.012 (0.0466) | 0.089** (0.0367) | ||
id | 6.167*** (1.378) | 6.221*** (1.376) | 4.009*** (1.329) | |
cd | 1.226* (0.758) | 1.252* (0.756) | 0.873 (0.705) | |
xm | -48.071*** (2.289) | -48.069*** (2.284) | -49.139*** (2.122) | |
pgdp | 0.278 (0.315) | 0.284 (0.314) | 0.158 (0.292) | |
fi | 0.784 (1.121) | 0.853 (1.125) | -1.365 (0.981) | |
lnfin(-1)0 | -0.080 (0.101) | -0.110 (0.093) | ||
lnfin(-1)1 | -0.051 (0.100) | -0.188* (0.096) | ||
lnfirm(-1)0 | -0.115* (0.069) | |||
lnfirm(-1)1 | -0.006 (0.046) | |||
常数项 | -2.002 (3.411) | -2.173 (3.401) | 0.523 (3.205) | |
sigma_u | 4.323 | 4.319 | 4.579 | |
sigma_e | 0.264 | 0.263 | 0.243 | |
rho | 0.996 | 0.996 | 0.997 | |
R2 | 0.534 | 0.534 | 0.559 | |
N | 104 | 104 | 104 |
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