中国工业旅游示范点空间分布特征及影响因素

doi:10.18402/resci.2020.06.15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工业与旅游业的融合发展是新的趋势,研究工业旅游示范点的空间分布格局及成因,对推动工业旅游迈进高质量发展的新时代具有重要的现实意义。以中国31省市（不包括港澳台）为研究对象,采用最邻近指数、核密度分析、空间自相关等空间分析方法,探讨了中国工业旅游示范点的空间分布特征及其影响因素,研究结果表明：①工业旅游示范点总体呈“东密西疏”的空间结构特征,与“胡焕庸线”高度吻合;②工业旅游示范点与城市群分布契合度较高,呈现出以“城市群”为依托的“多核心—群聚型”空间格局,具有显著的空间集聚效应;③工业旅游示范点集聚程度较高的区域,其邻近区域的集聚程度亦较高,呈现出一定的空间正相关性,相关程度依次为东部>中部>西部;热点和冷点区由东部至西部呈“圈层”式分布,存在典型的“马太效应”;④工业发展水平、交通条件、资源禀赋与工业旅游示范点空间分布存在显著的相关关系。此外,政策因素、地方工业文化认同等也是导致工业旅游示范点存在空间差异的重要因素。各省应借助跨省域城市群、都市圈、城市带的辐射能力,推进工业旅游跨区域、跨产业联动发展,形成工业旅游产业集群,促进工业旅游绿色发展。

关键词: 工业旅游示范点, 空间分布, 胡焕庸线, 空间分析方法, 影响因素, 中国

Abstract:

The integrative development of industry and tourism is a new trend. Studying the spatial distribution pattern of industrial tourism demonstration sites and causes has important practical significance for promoting industrial tourism to achieve high quality development. Taking 31 provinces and municipalities in China’s mainland as the research object, this study explored the spatial pattern of industrial tourism demonstration sites and influencing factors applying the nearest neighbor analysis, Kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and hotspot analysis. The results show that: (1) Industrial tourism demonstration site density is greater in the eastern part of China than the west, which is highly consistent with the “Hu Line.” (2) Industrial tourism demonstration sites and urban agglomerations have a high degree of convergence, the spatial distribution pattern of multi-core-grouping based on urban agglomeration is presented with significant spatial agglomeration effects. (3) The neighboring regions of areas with higher concentration of industrial tourism demonstration sites have higher concentration of such sites, showing a certain level of spatial autocorrelation. The correlation degree is east > central > west; the hotspots and cold spots presented a circular pattern from east to west, and there is a typical Matthew effect. (4) There is a significant correlation between industrial development level, transportation conditions, resource endowment, and the spatial distribution of industrial tourism demonstration sites in China. In addition, national policies and local industrial cultural identity are also important factors that led to the spatial differences in industrial tourism demonstration sites. Provinces should leverage on the radiation capabilities of inter-provincial city clusters, metropolitan areas, and urban belts to promote the cross-regional and cross-industry development of industrial tourism, form industrial tourism clusters, and promote the green development of industrial tourism.

Key words: industrial tourism demonstration sites, spatial pattern, Hu Huanyong Line, spatial analysis method, influencing factors, China

唐健雄, 马梦瑶. 中国工业旅游示范点空间分布特征及影响因素[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(6): 1188-1198.

TANG Jianxiong, MA Mengyao. Spatial pattern and influencing factors of industrial tourism demonstration sites in China[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(6): 1188-1198.

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地区	全国	东部	中部	西部
R值	0.41	0.49	0.53	0.64
Z值	-20.49	-13.09	-8.76	-0.45
P值	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

地区	全国	东部	中部	西部
全局Moran’s I指数	0.36	0.61	0.25	0.39
预期指数	-0.01	-0.01	-0.01	-0.02
Z值	26.86	36.98	12.51	7.80

影响因素	指标	编码
经济发展水平	人均GDP/元	X₁
	城镇居民可支配收入/元	X₂
	第三产业生产总值/亿元	X₃
旅游业发展水平	旅游业总收入/亿元	X₄
	游客数量/亿人	X₅
工业发展水平	工业总产值/亿元	X₆
	工业生产总值占GDP比重/%	X₇
资源禀赋	A 级旅游景区数量/家	X₈
	工业企业数量/家	X₉
	创意产业园数量/家	X₁₀
交通条件	旅客运输量/万人	X₁₁
	交通里程/万km	X₁₂
	公路机动车总量/万辆	X₁₃
人口规模	常住人口数量/万人	X₁₄
	人口密度/人/平方km²	X₁₅

模型	B	标准误差	标准系数	t	Sig.
（常量）	79.848	6.860		-2.126	0.004
X₇	0.836	0.418	0.749	2.000	0.004
X₉	0.001	0.020	0.073	7.313	0.005
X₈	0.032	0.003	0.231	9.880	0.010
X₁₂	0.184	0.067	0.564	2.753	0.001