滨海湿地生境质量演变与互花米草扩张的关系——以江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2020.05.17

资源科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1004-1014.doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.05.17

• 资源生态 • 上一篇

滨海湿地生境质量演变与互花米草扩张的关系——以江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区为例

张华兵^1,², 甄艳³, 吴菲儿^1,², 李玉凤^2,⁴(), 张亚楠²

1.盐城师范学院城市与规划学院,盐城 224007;
2.中国黄海盐城海滨湿地生态环境监测中心,盐城 224057;
3.西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,成都 610500;
4.南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院,南京 210023

收稿日期:2019-11-08 修回日期:2020-01-14 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-07-25
通讯作者: 李玉凤
作者简介:张华兵,男,江苏盐城人,博士,副教授,研究方向为湿地景观及遥感/GIS应用。E-mail: jszhbing@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41771199);NSFC-浙江两化融合联合基金项目(U1609203);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20171277);江苏省高校“青蓝工程”资助项目(2019)

Relationship between habitat quality change and the expansion of Spartina alterniflora in the coastal area: Taking Yancheng National Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province as an example

ZHANG Huabing^1,², ZHEN Yan³, WU Feier^1,², LI Yufeng^2,⁴(), ZHANG Yanan²

1. School of Urban and Planning, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China;
2. Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Centre for Yancheng Coastal Wetland, Yancheng 224057, China;
3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500, China;
4. School of Ocean Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China

Received:2019-11-08 Revised:2020-01-14 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-07-25
Contact: Yufeng LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

盐城滨海湿地是中国黄（渤）海候鸟栖息地的重要组成部分,生境质量是栖息地功能的重要反映,而互花米草扩张已经严重威胁栖息地生境。因此,本文以1983—2017年10期遥感影像为数据源,基于GIS和RS技术,运用InVEST模型,分析了江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区核心区生境质量时空变化与互花米草扩张的关系。结果显示：①1983—2017年,互花米草扩张与时间呈显著正相关性,面积百分比从1.693%增加到24.930%。在时间上,表现出明显的阶段性特征;在空间上,扩张表现出多方向、多变的特征;②受人类活动和互花米草扩张的影响,生境质量表现出明显波动变化：1983—1988年,生境质量指数从0.863上升至0.878,2014年下降至0.740,2017年又上升至0.775。③互花米草湿地面积变化与生境退化指数变化之间存在正相关,与生境质量指数变化之间呈负相关。互花米草扩张致使区域适宜性生境——碱蓬湿地的面积急剧减少,成为区域生境质量退化的重要因素,控制互花米草扩张也将是区域面临的重要问题。研究结果可从景观格局与生境质量关系的视角为滨海湿地栖息地功能提升与可持续管理提供参考。

关键词: 生境质量, 互花米草, 景观结构, 滨海湿地, InVEST模型, 人类活动, 盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区

Abstract:

The Yancheng coastal wetland is an important part of migratory bird habitat along the coast of the Yellow Sea-Bohai Sea of China. Habitat quality is an important reflection of habitat function, while the expansion of Spartina alterniflora has seriously threatened the migratory bird habitat. Therefore, based on the remote sensing images of 10 time periods from 1983 to 2017 and employing image processing and GIS technologies, the relationship between the spatial-temporal variation of habitat quality and the expansion of Spartina alterniflora in the core area of the Yancheng National Nature Reserve was analyzed by using the InVEST model. The results are as follows: (1) From 1983 to 2017, there was a significant positive correlation between the expansion of Spartina alterniflora and time, and the percentage of the area of Spartina alterniflora marsh increased from 1.693% to 24.930%. It clearly went through several stages in time, and the expansion of Spartina alterniflora showed multi-directional and spatially variable characteristics. (2) Under the influence of human activities and the expansion of Spartina alterniflora, migatory bird habitat quality showed obvious fluctuations: From 1983 to 1988, habitat quality index value increased from 0.863 to 0.878, then decreased to 0.740 in 2014 and increased again to 0.775 in 2017. (3) There was a positive correlation between the areal change of Spartina alterniflora marsh and the change of the index of habitat degradation, and a negative correlation between the areal change of Spartina alterniflora marsh and the change of the index of habitat quality. The expansion of Spartina alterniflora led to the dramatic decrease in area of the Suaeda salsa marsh, which is a regionally suitability habitat, and this became an important factor in the degradation of regional habitat quality. Therefore, controlling the expansion of Spartina alterniflora is an important problem faced by the region. The results can provide reference for the improvement of habitat and sustainable management of coastal wetland from the perspective of the relationship between landscape pattern and habitat quality.

Key words: habitat quality, Spartina alterniflora, landscape structure, coastal wetland, InVEST model, human activities, Yancheng National Nature Reserve

张华兵, 甄艳, 吴菲儿, 李玉凤, 张亚楠. 滨海湿地生境质量演变与互花米草扩张的关系——以江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区为例[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(5): 1004-1014.

ZHANG Huabing, ZHEN Yan, WU Feier, LI Yufeng, ZHANG Yanan. Relationship between habitat quality change and the expansion of Spartina alterniflora in the coastal area: Taking Yancheng National Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province as an example[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(5): 1004-1014.

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威胁因子	最大影响距离	权重	衰退线性相关性
养殖池	1	0.6	0
河流	3	0.4	1
堤、道路	5	0.8	1
互花米草	3	0.8	0

景观类型	生境适宜度	养殖池	河流	道路	互花米草
养殖池	0.5	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.5
河流	0.5	0.5	0.0	0.8	0.5
光滩	0.8	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.8
堤、道路	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
芦苇湿地	1.0	0.3	0.6	0.6	0.5
互花米草湿地	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.0
碱蓬湿地	1.0	0.5	0.8	0.5	0.8

滨海湿地生境质量演变与互花米草扩张的关系——以江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区为例

Relationship between habitat quality change and the expansion of Spartina alterniflora in the coastal area: Taking Yancheng National Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province as an example

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