基于防风固沙服务空间流动的区域关联度——以京津风沙源治理工程区为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2020.05.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

定量评价生态系统服务供给区与受益区的生态联系程度是制定区域生态补偿政策的重要依据。该文基于修正风蚀方程（RWEQ）,并结合京津风沙源治理工程区（以下简称“工程区”）的风向、风速与土壤尘粒组成,构建了由防风固沙供给度与影响度组成的区域关联度模型,分析了2015年工程区与北京市之间的防风固沙服务关联度。结果表明：工程区内不同县域与北京市的防风固沙关联度介于0%~13.43%。其中赤城县最高,苏尼特左旗、宣化区、怀安县、下花园区和苏尼特右旗等地区较高,翁牛特旗、承德县、宁城县、蓟县与阳原县等地区与北京市的防风固沙关联度不明显。整体来看,区域防风固沙关联度呈现出西高东低、多区镶嵌的空间格局,这主要与工程区主导风向和防风固沙能力的差异有关。此外,工程区内不同县域的防风固沙关联度与其社会经济发展水平有一定程度的负相关。因此,作为防风固沙服务的受益区,北京市应优先考虑工程区西部高度关联地域的生态补偿,提高其社会经济发展水平,进而保障防风固沙服务的持续供给。

关键词: 防风固沙服务, 空间流动, 生态联系, 区域关联度, 京津风沙源治理工程区

Abstract:

Ecosystem service spatial flow is the delivery of an ecosystem service to people or the movement of material and people. Its assessment elucidates the dominant contributors of ecosystem services and their spatial relationships. In this study, we defined a concept of regional correlation degree as the flow quantity of ecosystem services from a supply area to a demand area, which can be used as an important reference for regional ecological compensation. Based on the characteristics of wind direction and spatial location in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm control engineering area, this study developed a regional correlation model with the provision degree and influencing degree of sand-fixing services. Subsequently, we estimated the sand-fixing services in the sandstorm control engineering area in 2015 by the revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ), and analyzed the ecological links between different administrative districts of the sandstorm control engineering area and Beijing Municipality. The results indicate that the regional correlation degrees of sand-fixing services ranged from 0 to 13.43%. Chicheng County in Zhangjiakou City presented the highest correlation degree with Beijing, and the high correlation zones of sand-fixing services were Sunnitezuo Banner, Xuanhua District, Huaian County, Xiahuayuan District, and Suniteyou Banner. However, Wengniute Banner, Chengde County, Ningcheng County, Jixian County, and Yangyuan County showed the lowest ecological links with Beijing in sand-fixing services. The regional correlation of sand-fixing services was generally high in the west and low in the east. This phenomenon mainly can be attributed to the predominant wind direction in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm control engineering area, and the spatial heterogeneities of sand-fixing services. Additionally, the social and economic development levels in different districts presented negative correlation with the correlation degree of sand-fixing services. This result implies that the regions of higher correlation degree of sand-fixing services with Beijing were suffering from more severe poverty. Therefore, we concluded that Beijing should pay more ecological compensation to those counties with high correlation degrees in sand-fixing services to ensure the sustainable provision of sand-fixing services.

Key words: sand-fixing services, spatial flow, ecological relationship, regional correlation degree, Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm control engineering area

张彪, 王爽, 李庆旭, 谢高地. 基于防风固沙服务空间流动的区域关联度——以京津风沙源治理工程区为例[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(5): 969-979.

ZHANG Biao, WANG Shuang, LI Qingxu, XIE Gaodi. Regional correlation degree derived from the sand-fixing service spatial flow: A case study of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm control engineering area[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(5): 969-979.

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分级	关联度/%	供给度/%	影响度/%	县域/个	典型地区
低度关联	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	16	承德县、宽城县、滦平县、兴隆县、平泉县
较低关联	[0.1,1]	[0.1,1.2]	[0.1,0.6]	4	克什克腾旗、林西县、多伦县和敖汉旗
中度关联	(1,4]	(1.2,6.0]	(0.6,4.8]	23	东乌珠穆沁旗、西乌珠穆沁旗、巴林左旗、围场县、隆化县、丰宁县
较高关联	(4,6]	(6.0,9.6]	(4.8,5.7]	18	正蓝旗、正镶白旗、镶黄旗、达尔罕茂明安联合旗和化德县、康保县、怀来县、涿鹿县
高度关联	(6,13.4]	(9.6,22.0]	(5.7,12.4]	13	苏尼特左旗、苏尼特右旗、阿巴嘎旗、四子王旗,万全县、崇礼县、赤城县、怀安县、宣化区和丰镇