地铁在城市旅游交通中的作用及其优化——以南京主城区为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2020.05.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旅游散客化潮流中,充分利用地铁交通以缓解城市客流拥堵,对于实现城市旅游的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文运用城市空间网络分析,以南京主城区为例,探讨散客化背景下,地铁线路与站点在旅游交通中的作用及其优化对策。研究发现：①地铁更适合市内短途自助游;②线路与站点的布局满足散客在老城区与过渡城区的自助游需求,但难以满足外围城区;③吸引力较大的站点与线路位于人口密集、旅游资源富集的老城区,中介力较大的站点与线路位于浦口与六合交界的过渡城区,紧密度较大的站点与线路位于鼓楼、玄武与秦淮交界的老城区;冗余度较大的站点位于过渡城区中走向较为曲折的地铁线路上。④中转站的吸引力、紧密度与冗余度普遍优于一般站,部分一般站中介力较高。据此提出建议：①外围城区开通地铁站点与景区间的公交专线;②旅游旺季增设旅游专列地铁,充分利用公交的分流作用;③配合使用非轨道交通,避免冗余地铁轨道,缩短行程;④将部分一般站升级为中转站,减轻热门线路压力。

关键词: 旅游交通, 散客市场, 地铁, 城市空间网络分析, 优化对策, 南京主城区

Abstract:

Urban areas are regional economic, political, and cultural centers, and the role of urban area determines its significance in tourism research. Applying urban network analysis, this study examined the role of subway in urban tourism traffic and its optimization in the context of individual tourists in the Nanjing’s main urban districts. The main findings are as followings. (1) Subway plays a greater role in the short-distance “do it yourself”(DIY) tours; (2) The distribution of subway lines and stations can meet the needs of DIY tourists in the central urban area, but is hard to satisfy the needs in peripheral urban areas; (3) The lines and stations of greater gravity are concentrated in the old town, which has high population density and rich tourist attractions; those of greater betweenness are situated near the boundary between Pukou District and Luhe District; those of greater closeness are located in the bordering area of the three main districts—Gulou, Xuanwu, and Qinhuai; stations with greater redundancy are mainly located along the subway lines with higher sinuosity in transitional urban areas; (4) The gravity, closeness, and redundancy values of transit stations are higher than those of general stations, but some general stations have higher betweenness values. The suggestions are as follows. (1) Bus lines should be opened for tourist attractions exclusively within the peripheral urban areas. (2) During the tourist rush reason, special subway trains should be operated for tourist attractions. (3) Make full use of bus diversion function and combine the usage of trunk roads in order to avoid redundant lines, and cut the journey. (4) Upgrade some general stations to transit stations in order to reduce the pressure of crowded lines.

Key words: tourism traffic, individual tourist market, subway, urban network analysis, optimized strategy, the main urban districts of Nanjing City

纪小美, 熊怡清, 张子昂. 地铁在城市旅游交通中的作用及其优化——以南京主城区为例[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(5): 946-955.

JI Xiaomei, XIONG Yiqing, ZHANG Ziang. The role of subway in urban tourism traffic and its optimization: The case of the main urban districts of Nanjing City[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(5): 946-955.

图/表 3

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线路	吸引力	中介力	紧密度	冗余度
1号线	54.758	36.641	0.157	33.257
2号线	25.293	29.266	0.138	31.649
3号线	69.464	135.642	0.167	39.020
4号线	23.654	17.111	0.094	26.809
10号线	3.960	16.326	0.057	21.007
S1号线	7.319	21.295	0.039	49.782
S3号线	5.773	29.017	0.078	31.332
S8号线	25.203	163.039	0.054	18.893
S9号线	0.520	2.826	0.008	69.838
一般站（均值）	1.195	2.547	0.005	32.099
中转站（均值）	2.082	3.722	0.006	30.925
一般站（标准差）	1.358	5.255	0.014	32.729
中转站（标准差）	1.351	7.130	0.001	28.909