资源科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 812-824.doi: 10.18402/resci.2020.05.02
收稿日期:
2019-08-20
修回日期:
2020-03-29
出版日期:
2020-05-25
发布日期:
2020-07-25
通讯作者:
司伟
作者简介:
陈海江,男,浙江绍兴人,博士,研究方向为农业经济理论与政策。E-mail:chenhaijiangcau@163.com
基金资助:
Haijiang CHEN1, Wei SI2(), Zeqi LIU2, Chaozhu LI3, Yanyan ZHANG4
Received:
2019-08-20
Revised:
2020-03-29
Online:
2020-05-25
Published:
2020-07-25
Contact:
Wei SI
摘要:
政府主导型生态补偿由于补偿资金来源单一,因此项目提供的生态服务通常和政策周期同步,持续性较差。本文以改善该类生态补偿项目生态服务的持续性为目标,以粮豆轮作补贴这一政府主导型生态补偿为例,基于多中心治理理论和二元Probit模型、双变量Probit模型研究了社会网络对农户粮豆轮作决策的影响,探索实现政府主导型生态补偿项目多中心治理的路径。研究结果显示:①亲缘社会网络显著促进农户进行粮豆轮作,而友缘社会网络对农户粮豆轮作决策的影响不显著;②亲缘社会网络有助于农户将粮豆轮作意愿转化为具体行为。结合以上两点推断:亲缘社会网络可以成为政府补偿之外的激励机制,促进农户进行粮豆轮作。本文的研究结论支持政府主导型生态补偿项目采取政府补偿+自主治理(社会网络)这一多中心治理模式。这对于提高长江流域和黄淮海地区正在实施的轮作补贴项目生态服务的持续性具有一定的政策启示,同时对此后出台的政府主导型生态补偿政策亦具有一定的借鉴意义。
陈海江, 司伟, 刘泽琦, 李朝柱, 张燕燕. 政府主导型生态补偿的多中心治理——基于农户社会网络的视角[J]. 资源科学, 2020, 42(5): 812-824.
Haijiang CHEN, Wei SI, Zeqi LIU, Chaozhu LI, Yanyan ZHANG. Polycentric governance of government-led ecological compensation: Based on the perspective of farmers’ social network[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(5): 812-824.
表2
变量定义及统计性描述"
变量名称 | 变量含义及赋值 | 均值 | 标准差 |
---|---|---|---|
因变量 | |||
农户是否进行粮豆轮作 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.461 | 0.499 |
解释变量 | |||
亲缘社会网络 | 2018年春节亲戚来访数;单位:户 | 5.831 | 7.295 |
友缘社会网络 | 2018年春节老乡、朋友来访数;单位:户 | 5.480 | 9.744 |
户主性别 | 男=1,女=0 | 0.956 | 0.206 |
户主年龄 | 单位:岁 | 49.732 | 9.424 |
户主受教育程度 | 单位:年 | 7.580 | 3.001 |
户主是否为村干部 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.158 | 0.365 |
户主是否兼业 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.266 | 0.442 |
户主是否接受过技术培训 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.167 | 0.373 |
户主是否具有粮豆轮作意愿 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.772 | 0.420 |
家庭经营规模 | 单位:亩 | 198.845 | 521.679 |
家庭农业收入占比 | 农业收入占家庭总收入的比例;90%以上=1, 50%~90%之间=2(含50%和90%),50%以下=3 | 1.357 | 0.619 |
家庭人口数 | 单位:个 | 3.488 | 1.378 |
是否参加专业合作组织 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.213 | 0.409 |
2017年是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格 | 是=1,否=0 | 0.163 | 0.370 |
地块数 | 单位:块 | 6.717 | 6.599 |
耕地质量 | 低=1,较低=2,中等=3,较高=4,高=5 | 3.231 | 0.817 |
表3
二元Probit回归模型的估计结果"
解释变量 | 回归(1) | 回归(2) | 回归(3) | 回归(4) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
系数 | 稳健标准误 | 系数 | 稳健标准误 | 系数 | 稳健标准误 | 系数 | 稳健标准误 | ||||
亲缘社会网络 | 0.014** | 0.006 | 0.015** | 0.006 | 0.013* | 0.007 | — | — | |||
友缘社会网络 | — | — | — | — | — | — | -0.003 | 0.005 | |||
户主性别 | 0.134 | 0.231 | 0.032 | 0.226 | 0.221 | 0.275 | 0.119 | 0.229 | |||
户主年龄 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.010* | 0.006 | 0.009* | 0.005 | |||
户主受教育程度 | 0.027* | 0.016 | 0.027* | 0.016 | 0.028 | 0.018 | 0.027* | 0.016 | |||
户主是否为村干部 | -0.175 | 0.139 | -0.202 | 0.136 | -0.174 | 0.150 | -0.156 | 0.138 | |||
户主是否兼业 | 0.019 | 0.121 | -0.004 | 0.118 | 0.001 | 0.134 | 0.006 | 0.121 | |||
户主是否接受过技术培训 | 0.002 | 0.127 | 0.062 | 0.124 | -0.043 | 0.140 | 0.012 | 0.126 | |||
户主是否具有粮豆轮作意愿 | 1.145*** | 0.132 | 1.227*** | 0.130 | 1.182*** | 0.136 | 1.135*** | 0.131 | |||
家庭经营规模 | 4.89E-04** | 2.17E-04 | 0.001** | 2.10E-04 | 3.32E-04 | 2.19E-04 | 0.001** | 2.22E-04 | |||
家庭农业收入占比 | 0.045 | 0.08 | 0.071 | 0.079 | 0.087 | 0.088 | 0.053 | 0.08 | |||
家庭人口数 | 0.048 | 0.035 | 0.036 | 0.034 | 0.066* | 0.038 | 0.056 | 0.035 | |||
是否参加专业合作组织 | 0.073 | 0.116 | 0.124 | 0.114 | 0.074 | 0.127 | 0.081 | 0.116 | |||
2017年是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格 | 0.799*** | 0.132 | — | — | — | — | 0.806*** | 0.132 | |||
地块数 | 0.051*** | 0.010 | 0.051*** | 0.010 | 0.055*** | 0.011 | 0.051*** | 0.01 | |||
耕地质量 | -0.049 | 0.056 | -0.050 | 0.055 | -0.015 | 0.060 | -0.041 | 0.056 | |||
LR统计量 | 541.59*** | 502.30*** | 389.82*** | 537.12*** | |||||||
Pseudo R2 | 0.327 | 0.303 | 0.286 | 0.324 |
表4
通过变量指标替换的稳健性检验"
解释变量 | 回归系数 | 稳健标准误 | 解释变量 | 回归系数 | 稳健标准误 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
亲缘社会网络 | 0.005* | 0.003 | 家庭经营规模 | 0.001** | 2.18E-04 |
户主性别 | 0.098 | 0.230 | 家庭农业收入占比 | 0.045 | 0.080 |
户主年龄 | 0.009 | 0.005 | 家庭人口数 | 0.051 | 0.035 |
户主受教育程度 | 0.027* | 0.016 | 是否参加合作社 | 0.082 | 0.116 |
户主是否为村干部 | -0.180 | 0.139 | 2017年是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格 | 0.799*** | 0.132 |
户主是否兼业 | 0.015 | 0.121 | 地块数 | 0.051*** | 0.010 |
户主是否接受过技术培训 | -0.001 | 0.127 | 耕地质量 | -0.048 | 0.056 |
户主是否具有粮豆轮作意愿 | 1.124*** | 0.131 | 常数项 | -2.040*** | 0.465 |
LR统计量 | 539.61*** | Pseudo R2 | 0.326 |
表5
基于有序Probit模型和泊松回归的稳健性检验"
解释变量(有序Probit模型) | 回归系数 | 稳健标准误 | 解释变量(泊松回归) | 回归系数 | 稳健标准误 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
亲缘社会网络 | 0.009* | 0.005 | 亲缘社会网络 | 0.009*** | 0.003 |
户主性别 | -0.073 | 0.181 | 户主性别 | -0.067 | 0.121 |
户主年龄 | 0.008* | 0.004 | 户主年龄 | 0.006** | 0.003 |
户主受教育程度 | 0.009 | 0.013 | 户主受教育程度 | 0.005 | 0.008 |
户主是否为村干部 | -0.105 | 0.109 | 户主是否为村干部 | -0.087 | 0.072 |
户主是否兼业 | -0.005 | 0.096 | 户主是否兼业 | 0.022 | 0.061 |
户主是否接受过技术培训 | 0.054 | 0.097 | 户主是否接受过技术培训 | 0.009 | 0.059 |
户主是否具有粮豆轮作意愿 | 1.457*** | 0.114 | 户主是否具有粮豆轮作意愿 | 1.782*** | 0.132 |
家庭经营规模 | 1.49E-04* | 7.90E-05 | 家庭经营规模 | 5.52E-05* | 2.99E-05 |
家庭农业收入占比 | 0.109* | 0.063 | 家庭农业收入占比 | 0.083** | 0.038 |
家庭人口数 | 0.003 | 0.027 | 家庭人口数 | -0.008 | 0.018 |
是否参加专业合作组织 | 0.037 | 0.093 | 是否参加专业合作组织 | 0.036 | 0.061 |
2017年是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格 | 0.986*** | 0.096 | 2017年是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格 | 0.523*** | 0.051 |
地块数 | 0.010** | 0.005 | 地块数 | 0.005* | 0.003 |
耕地质量 | 0.006 | 0.045 | 耕地质量 | -0.017 | 0.029 |
LR统计量 | 742.43*** | LR统计量 | 1123.25*** | ||
Pseudo R2 | 0.202 | Pseudo R2 | 0.255 |
表6
双变量Probit模型边际效应回归结果"
解释变量 | 边际系数 | 稳健标准误 | 解释变量 | 边际系数 | 稳健标准误 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
亲缘社会网络 | 0.003* | 0.002 | 家庭经营规模 | 1.55E-05*** | 5.84E-05 |
户主性别 | 0.093* | 0.057 | 家庭农业收入占比 | 0.016 | 0.02 |
户主年龄 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 家庭人口数 | 0.004 | 0.009 |
户主受教育程度 | 0.008** | 0.004 | 是否参加专业合作组织 | 0.019 | 0.029 |
户主是否为村干部 | -0.059 | 0.035 | 2017年是否享有粮豆轮作补贴资格 | 0.281*** | 0.033 |
户主是否兼业 | 0.028 | 0.031 | 地块数 | 0.015*** | 0.003 |
户主是否接受过技术培训 | 0.041 | 0.033 | 耕地质量 | -0.014 | 0.014 |
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