资源科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 2107-2118.doi: 10.18402/resci.2019.11.13
收稿日期:
2019-05-14
修回日期:
2019-09-10
出版日期:
2019-11-25
发布日期:
2019-12-03
通讯作者:
王恩泽
作者简介:
逯进,男,甘肃兰州人,教授,博士,主要研究方向为区域经济学、环境经济学。E-mail:lujin218@163.com
基金资助:
Received:
2019-05-14
Revised:
2019-09-10
Online:
2019-11-25
Published:
2019-12-03
Contact:
WANG Enze
摘要:
新能源示范城市试点是促进中国深入推进生态文明建设的一项重要举措,客观评估其对环境污染的治理效果,对于这一试点政策的进一步推广具有重要意义。本文基于中国261个地级市2002—2016年的面板数据,应用倾向得分匹配法和双重差分法评估了新能源示范城市建设对环境污染的治理效应,并在此基础上引入偏差校正的非参数百分位Bootstrap法,对效应的内在机制进行了解析。研究结论表明:第一,新能源示范城市建设会显著减少废水和废气的排放,进而有效降低城市环境污染;第二,新能源示范城市可以通过能源技术创新效应、产业结构优化效应和财政资金扶持效应3条中介路径实现对环境污染的治理;第三,新能源示范城市建设过程中产生的污染治理效应存在异质性,主要体现为:一方面,经济增长水平较低的城市在进行示范城市建设的过程中往往会产生更大的污染治理效应;另一方面,示范城市的人力资本水平越高,其越能有效地抑制污染物的排放。本研究为中国进一步推进新能源示范城市建设战略、提高新能源示范城市建设质量、总结与推广新能源城市建设经验以及深入研发与推广新能源技术提供了依据。
逯进, 王恩泽. 新能源示范城市建设对区域环境污染治理的影响[J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41(11): 2107-2118.
LU JIN, WANG Enze. Impact of new energy demonstration city construction on regional environmental pollution control[J]. Resources Science, 2019, 41(11): 2107-2118.
表1
PSM匹配的平衡性检验"
变量 | 均值 | 误差率/% | 误差变 | T检验 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照组 | 控制组 | 动率/% | t value | p>|t| | ||||
人口规模/万人 | 匹配前 | 448.94 | 419.21 | 10.5 | 2.47 | 0.014 | ||
匹配后 | 449.11 | 446.22 | 1.0 | 90.3 | 0.23 | 0.822 | ||
城市面积/万km2 | 匹配前 | 15926 | 15712 | 1.2 | 0.28 | 0.782 | ||
匹配后 | 15943 | 14686 | 7.4 | -489.1 | 1.8 | 0.072 | ||
对外开放/(进出口总额/GDP) | 匹配前 | 0.0139 | 0.015 | -6.0 | -1.39 | 0.164 | ||
匹配后 | 0.0139 | 0.0138 | 0.4 | 93.4 | 0.09 | 0.929 | ||
绿地面积/万km2 | 匹配前 | 5916.3 | 5494.6 | 3.1 | 0.78 | 0.433 | ||
匹配后 | 5802.4 | 5686.7 | 0.9 | 72.5 | 0.17 | 0.864 | ||
人均GDP/元 | 匹配前 | 33257 | 31590 | 5.7 | 1.47 | 0.142 | ||
匹配后 | 32711 | 32704 | 0.0 | 99.5 | 0.01 | 0.995 |
表2
示范城市建设对环境污染的影响"
变量 | (1) 废水排放量 | (2) 废气排放量 | (3) 废水排放量 | (4) 废气排放量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
DID | -1316.93*** | -19575.98*** | -610.22* | -11060.39*** |
(-4.1086) | (-8.6577) | (-1.7727) | (-4.6549) | |
人口数量 | -1.62 | -13.78 | ||
(-0.5198) | (-0.6395) | |||
城市规模 | 0.05 | 0.46 | ||
(0.6539) | (0.9101) | |||
对外开放 | -20269.75*** | -5588.82 | ||
(-2.6003) | (-0.1039) | |||
绿地面积 | -0.02* | -0.60*** | ||
(-1.9194) | (-6.6886) | |||
人均GDP | -0.02*** | -0.23*** | ||
(-4.3178) | (-5.7029) | |||
人力资本 | -11627.23 | -139639.55 | ||
(-0.8053) | (-1.4010) | |||
时间效应 | 固定 | 固定 | 固定 | 固定 |
个体效应 | 固定 | 固定 | 固定 | 固定 |
样本量 | 2673 | 2673 | 2673 | 2673 |
表4
中介效应机制分析"
被解释变量为废水 | 被解释变量为废气 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
效应值 | Boot SE | BootLLCI | BootULCI | 效应值 | Boot SE | BootLLCI | BootULCI | ||
总间接效应 | -394.84 | 110.19 | -553.28 | -200.52 | -8110.39 | 1222.52 | -10207.10 | -6188.23 | |
能源技术创新效应 | 106.10 | 63.36 | 32.95 | 256.73 | -870.07 | 593.32 | -2116.14 | -124.53 | |
财政资金扶持效应 | -400.34 | 90.41 | -567.84 | -271.60 | -3145.19 | 702.78 | -4459.51 | -2163.10 | |
产业结构优化效应 | -100.61 | 52.44 | -191.33 | -16.67 | -4095.13 | 730.85 | -5440.79 | -3021.45 |
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