基于OLI/TIRS数据的沈阳市不透水面提取

doi:10.18402/resci.2019.09.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

不透水面是评价城市发展及生态的关键指标,而不透水面提取的方法以四端元模型为主,存在无法有效区分裸土和高反照度的问题。本文以东北老工业代表性城市——沈阳市为研究区,基于Landsat 8多光谱波段（OLI）和热红外波段（TIRS）,利用五端元线性光谱混合分解方法对传统的四端元线性光谱混合分解方法进行优化,提取不透水面并对其空间分布进行分析。在四端元线性光谱混合分解方法获取研究区高、低反照度分量基础上,反演地表温度,通过五端元线性光谱混合分解方法获取裸土盖度,利用地表温度和裸土盖度阈值对高、低反照度分量进行优化,得到沈阳市不透水面盖度空间分布。经过精度检验,提取的不透水面均方根误差RMSE=13.14%,相关系数R=0.91,表明本文所用方法可有效提取不透水面。不透水面空间总体分析表明,沈阳市非建设区比例为79.04%,中心老城区高密度区占比较高,城市新扩张区域还未形成合理布局。局部特征分析结果表明,沈阳市东西向发展不对称,南北向的生态环境优于东西向。本文研究结果可为其他城市不透水面提取提供借鉴,为城市规划和发展建设提供科学依据

关键词: 不透水面, 线性光谱混合分解, 五端元, 优化, 空间特征, 沈阳市

Abstract:

Impervious surface is a key indicator for evaluating urban development and ecology. The method of extracting impervious surface is mainly four endmembers model. However, it is not possible to effectively distinguish between bare soil and high reflectance. Taking a representative old industrial city in the Northeast— Shenyang City— as an example, and based on the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) data, this study optimized the four endmembers linear mixed spectral decomposition method, extracted impervious surface, and analyzed its spatial distribution. After using four endmembers linear mixed spectral decomposition to obtain the high and low reflectance fractions in the study area, we derived surface temperature, obtained bare soil coverage by five endmembers linear mixed spectral decomposition, optimized the high and low reflectance fractions using land surface temperature and bare soil coverage threshold , calculated impervious surface coverage of Shenyang City and its spatial distribution, and analyzed its overall and local spatial characteristics. In precision test of the extracted impervious surface, the root mean square error RMSE=13.14% and correlation coefficient R=0.9076, indicating that the method used in this study can effectively extract the impervious surface. Based on the analysis of the spatial pattern of impervious surface, in the central urban area of the city in general, the proportion of non-construction areas is 79.04%, the proportion of high-density areas in the old central urban area is relatively high, and a reasonable layout of the new urban expansion area has not been formed. The result of local characteristic analysis shows that the development of Shenyang City in the east-west direction is asymmetric and in the south-north direction ecological environment is superior to the east-west direction. This study can facilitate a scientific understanding of the development status of Northeast old industrial cities and provide a scientific basis for future urban expansion and development.

Key words: impervious surface, linear spectral mixture decomposition, five endmembers, optimization, spatial characteristics, Shenyang City

郭一洋,雷国平,张露洋,赵明朝,于浩,戴激光. 基于OLI/TIRS数据的沈阳市不透水面提取[J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41(9): 1758-1768.

GUO Yiyang,LEI Guoping,ZHANG Luyang,ZHAO Mingzhao,YU Hao,DAI Jiguang. Impervious surface extraction in Shenyang Citybased on OLI/TIRS data[J]. Resources Science, 2019, 41(9): 1758-1768.

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区	区总面积/km²	非建设区比例/%	低密度区比例/%	中密度区比例/%	高密度区比例/%
铁西区	285.74	58.05	13.34	8.15	20.45
皇姑区	66.17	25.21	17.16	15.15	42.53
大东区	100.10	36.17	16.91	13.24	33.70
沈河区	59.06	32.86	14.72	11.84	40.55
和平区	59.63	35.57	15.61	12.29	36.51
沈北新区	820.96	89.60	4.98	2.25	3.09
浑南新区	802.99	84.90	7.19	3.47	4.42
于洪区	498.98	74.81	10.27	5.82	9.09
苏家屯区	780.72	89.17	5.20	2.17	3.23
总计	3474.36	79.04	7.91	4.41	8.56