资源科学

资源科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 825-833.doi: 10.18402/resci.2019.05.01

• 能源与矿产资源 •    下一篇

中国参与全球能源治理的总体思路与路径选择

王礼茂1,2(), 屈秋实1,2, 牟初夫1,2, 方叶兵1,2,3, 熊琛然1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
    2. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100049
    3. 安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,芜湖 241003
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-28 修回日期:2018-09-29 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-05-25
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：王礼茂,男,安徽巢湖人,研究员,主要从事能源与地缘政治、能源经济与气候变化政策等方面的研究。E-mail: lmwang@igsnrr.ac.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFA0602800）;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA20010202）

Strategic considerations and path selection for China’s participation in global energy governance

Limao WANG1,2(), Qiushi QU1,2, Chufu MOU1,2, Yebing FANG1,2,3, Chenran XIONG1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3. College of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, China
  • Received:2018-07-28 Revised:2018-09-29 Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-05-25

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摘要：

全球缺乏权威、统一和协调的能源治理机构,治理架构一直处于碎片化状态。国际能源署（IEA）和石油输出国组织（OPEC）是当前最有影响力的全球能源治理机构,分别代表能源消费国和能源出口国,各自存在明显的缺陷;国际能源论坛（IEF）虽然为能源生产国和消费国搭建了交流平台,但仅限于对话机制,缺乏相应的组织架构和约束机制;能源宪章条约（ECT）早期主要局限于欧洲,且缺乏生产大国和消费大国的参与;而7国集团（G7）和20国集团（G20）等更多的是高层协调作用,缺乏现实操作性。中国如何在当前的全球能源治理架构下发挥作用、参与治理?本文提出以转型后的能源宪章条约,即国际能源宪章条约（IECT）为基础,以“一带一路”为依托,以能源互联网为切入点,通过参与—加入—改造—重塑的路径,发挥中国能源消费大国的作用,完善全球能源治理体系,最终实现更加公平合理的全球能源治理体系。

关键词: 能源, 全球治理, 总体思路, 路径选择, 国际能源宪章条约, 一带一路

Abstract:

The current global energy governance system lacks authority, unity, and coordination and the governance structure has been in a fragmented state. The International Energy Agency (IEA) and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) are the world’s most influential governance organizations, representing the energy consumer and energy exporting countries respectively. The International Energy Forum (IEF) is a communication platform for energy production and consumption countries, but it is only a mechanism for dialogue and lacks organizational framework and control mechanism. The Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) was confined to Europe and lacks participation of big oil production and consumption countries; and the G7 and the G20 only have the function of high-level coordination, lack of practical operability, and they are a global governance system but not specific energy governance organizations. How can China play a role and participate in the current global energy governance framework? In this article, we put forward a general framework for China’s participation in global energy governance. China should use the exiting international Energy Charter Treaty as the basis of future energy governance, rely on the Belt and Road initiative, and take the energy Internet as the breakthrough point. The roadmap would be participation-integration-reforming-reshaping. China as a big energy consuming state should play a key role to improve the global energy governance system, and ultimately achieve the goal of a fair and more reasonable global energy governance system.

Key words: energy, global governance, framework, path selection, International Energy Charter Treat, Belt and Road initiative