生态与经济协调目标下的郑州市土地利用空间优化配置

doi:10.18402/resci.2019.04.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城镇化快速发展进程中建设用地占用生态用地的现象普遍存在,如何协调经济发展与生态保护之间的矛盾成为目前中国土地利用所面临的主要难题。本文以郑州市为例,借助LANDSCAPE模型,开展生态与经济协调目标下土地利用空间优化配置。结果表明：①在满足耕地保护和建设用地需求的前提下,以2008年为基期,模拟2020年土地利用布局时,优化情景下比规划情景下土地利用空间布局的生态效益和经济效益分别提高0.3亿元和49亿元,实现经济发展和生态保护相协调。②两种情景下的模拟结果显示,建设用地配置向经济发展较快、生态效益较低的区域聚集。其中,优化情景下建设用地配置较多的区县为荥阳市、新密市及登封市;规划情景下建设用地配置较多的区县为金水区、惠济区、中牟县。优化情景下的建设用地布局更符合目前郑州市经济发展走向,对区域生态保护更为有利。③LANDSCAPE模型在一定程度上可解决传统的城乡建设用地指标分配方法对土地利用生态效益与经济效益的空间异质性考虑不够等问题,进而实现区域经济效益与生态保护的协调发展。

关键词: 生态与经济协调, 土地利用, 空间优化配置, LANDSCAPE模型, 郑州市

Abstract: Ecological land being converted into construction land is ubiquitous under the background of rapid urbanization in China, and coordinating economic development and ecological protection is a great challenge for the country. This study took Zhengzhou City as an example and carried out the spatial optimization of land use with the balance between ecological benefits and economic benefits as the objective, and by using the LANDSCAPE model. The results suggest that: (1) Using 2008 as the benchmark year and simulating the land-use layout in 2020 and with the requirements of cultivated land protection and meeting construction land demand both satisfied, the optimized scenario’s ecological and economic benefits are 31.5 million yuan and 4,900 million yuan higher than the planning scenario. The former can achieve the coordination of economic development and ecological protection; (2) The simulation results under the two scenarios show that the construction land allocation is concentrated in areas with faster economic development and lower ecological benefits. Under the optimized scenario, more construction land is allocated to Xingyang City, Xinmi City, and Dengfeng City. Under the planning scenario, more construction land is allocated to Jinshui District, Huiji District and Zhongmu County because of the already fixed quota. The optimized allocation is more in line with the current economic development trend of Zhengzhou City, better for regional ecological protection, and can alleviate the fragmentation of land use to a certain extent; (3) The problem that the traditional method of urban and rural construction land allocation does not take into account the spatial heterogeneity of ecological and economic benefits can be solved by the LANDSCAPE model, in which the goal of economic and ecological benefits coordination can be achieved. Ecological protection and economic development play an important role in regional sustainable development, and it is beneficial to coordinate the relationship between them by allocating the different types of land use in various regions reasonably.

Key words: ecological protection and economic development coordination, spatial optimization, land use, LANDSCAPE model, Zhengzhou City

陈红, 史云扬, 柯新利, 郝晋珉, 陈爱琪. 生态与经济协调目标下的郑州市土地利用空间优化配置[J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41(4): 717-728.

CHEN Hong, SHI Yunyang, KE Xinli, HAO Jinmin, CHEN Aiqi. Spatial optimization of land use based on the objective of coordinated ecological protection and economic development in Zhengzhou City[J]. Resources Science, 2019, 41(4): 717-728.

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