三岔河流域坡耕地垄向与侵蚀沟分布耦合分析

doi:10.18402/resci.2019.02.17

资源科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 394-404.doi: 10.18402/resci.2019.02.17

三岔河流域坡耕地垄向与侵蚀沟分布耦合分析

贯丛^1,^2,³(), 张树文²(), 王让虎⁴, 杨久春², 岳书平⁵, 于灵雪², 王文娟⁶

1. 吉林大学地球科学学院,长春 130061
2. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春 130102
3. 长春工程学院,长春 130012
4. 山西大学黄土高原研究所,太原 030006
5. 南京信息工程大学地理科学学院,南京 210044
6. 河南财经政法大学资源与环境学院,郑州 450046

收稿日期:2018-06-26 修回日期:2018-12-03 出版日期:2019-02-25 发布日期:2019-02-25
作者简介:
作者简介: 贯丛,女,吉林长春人,博士生,研究方向为土地利用/覆被变化监测。E-mail: luccer@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划重点专项课题（2017YFC0504202）;国家自然科学基金项目（41801350;41601458）;资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室开放基金项目

Coupling analysis between ridge direction and gully erosion of sloping cultivated lands in the Sancha River watershed

Cong GUAN^1,^2,³(), Shuwen ZHANG²(), Ranghu WANG⁴, Jiuchun YANG², Shuping YUE⁵, Lingxue YU², Wenjuan WANG⁶

1. Collage of Earth Science, Jilin Uiversity, Changchun 130061, China
2. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
3. Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
4. Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
5. School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
6. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou 450046, China

Received:2018-06-26 Revised:2018-12-03 Online:2019-02-25 Published:2019-02-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黑土区坡耕地的侵蚀沟发育发展与耕作措施密切相关,垄向分布对沟蚀的影响机制研究能够为黑土区采取更合理有效的耕种措施提供科学依据。本文以东北典型黑土区的三岔河流域为研究区,基于2013年地理国情普查提供的高精度基础数据获取耕地垄向和侵蚀沟数据,对沟蚀密度和裂度与耕地垄向角之间的关系进行定量分析,并研究了不同垄向下沟蚀与地形的耦合作用。研究结果表明：①研究区坡耕地横坡耕作的趋势非常明显;②研究区耕地沟蚀强度为中度侵蚀;③耕地垄向角与沟蚀密度和裂度显著负相关,即随着垄向角的增大,研究区耕地的平均沟蚀密度和裂度呈线性下降趋势,横坡垄中的侵蚀沟密度和裂度最大,其中垄向角和沟蚀密度的线性拟合效果最好,沟蚀裂度稍差;④不同耕地垄向中的侵蚀沟分布具有明显的地形分异特征：当海拔大于280 m时,各垄向耕作都不能有效地抵御侵蚀沟的产生;当坡度大于15°时,横坡垄中的沟蚀裂度最小,但仍高于缓坡各垄向耕地中的沟蚀裂度;各耕作垄向在阴坡对侵蚀沟面积的影响无明显差异。

关键词: 地理国情普查, 坡耕地, 垄向, 侵蚀沟, 耦合分析, 东北典型黑土区, 三岔河流域

Abstract:

The initiation and development of gully erosion in the sloping farmland of black soil area are closely related to the tillage measures. Taking the Sancha River watershed in typical black soil area of Northeast China as the study area, this study used the high precision basic data provided by the geographical conditions information census to obtain the ridge direction of cultivated land and gully erosion data. The relationship between the gully density and intensity and the ridge direction angle in the cultivated land was quantitatively analyzed. Then we studied the coupling effect of the gully erosion in different ridge directions and topography. The results showed that: (1) There was an obvious trend of horizontal ridge tillage of sloping farmland; (2) The gully intensity of cultivated land was moderate in the study area; (3) The ridge angle of cultivated land was significantly negatively correlated with the gully erosion density and intensity. With the increase of the angle between contour line and ridge direction, the average gully density and intensity in sloping farmlands gradually decreased. The gully density and intensity in the horizontal ridge tillage were the largest. The linear fitting effect of ridge angle and gully density was the best, and the gully intensity was slightly worse; (4) The distribution of gullies in different ridge directions has obvious topographic differentiation characteristics. In the cultivated land where the elevation was more than 280 m, all ridge tillage cannot effectively resist the gully erosion; when slope gradient was greater than 15°, the gully intensity of cultivated land with contour ridge was the least, however, it was still higher than the gully intensity of cultivated land with every ridges on gentle slope; there was no significant difference in the effect of ridge directions on the area of the gullies on the shady slope.

Key words: geographical conditions information census, sloping cultivated lands, ridge direction, erosion gully, coupling analysis, typical black soil area in Northeast China, Sancha River watershed

贯丛, 张树文, 王让虎, 杨久春, 岳书平, 于灵雪, 王文娟. 三岔河流域坡耕地垄向与侵蚀沟分布耦合分析[J]. 资源科学, 2019, 41(2): 394-404.

Cong GUAN, Shuwen ZHANG, Ranghu WANG, Jiuchun YANG, Shuping YUE, Lingxue YU, Wenjuan WANG. Coupling analysis between ridge direction and gully erosion of sloping cultivated lands in the Sancha River watershed[J]. Resources Science, 2019, 41(2): 394-404.

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三岔河流域坡耕地垄向与侵蚀沟分布耦合分析

Coupling analysis between ridge direction and gully erosion of sloping cultivated lands in the Sancha River watershed

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