资源科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 2351-2359.doi: 10.18402/resci.2018.12.03
韩中奎1,2,3(), 文博杰1,3(
), 代涛1,3, 李强峰1,3, 王欢1,2,3, 冯旭光4
收稿日期:
2018-07-09
修回日期:
2018-11-07
出版日期:
2018-12-20
发布日期:
2018-12-10
作者简介:
作者简介:韩中奎,男,河南周口人,硕士生,主要从事资源产业经济方面研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Zhongkui HAN1,2,3(), Bojie WEN1,3(
), Tao DAI1,3, Qiangfeng LI1,3, Huan WANG1,2,3, Xuguang FENG4
Received:
2018-07-09
Revised:
2018-11-07
Online:
2018-12-20
Published:
2018-12-10
摘要:
建筑业是中国最大的钢铁消费领域,动态分析建筑中的钢铁存量的变化特征,有助于把握其二次资源回收潜力,为铁资源的循环利用及相关管理提供科学支撑。本研究以动态物质流分析结合生命周期分布函数,测算了1949—2016年中国房屋建筑中的钢铁存量。结果显示:经过缓慢增长期、稳定增长期和快速增长期三个阶段后,中国房屋建筑中钢铁存量从1949年的10.0万t增长到2016年的28.1亿t,房屋建筑中人均钢铁存量也从0.2kg/人增加到2029kg/人;受工业化和城镇化进程影响,中国四大经济区域房屋建筑中人均钢铁存量差别明显,2016年东部地区房屋建筑中人均钢铁存量最大为2526kg/人,其次是东北地区2128kg/人、中部地区1732kg/人和西部地区1605kg/人;受城镇和农村的生活环境、经济水平差异影响,中国城乡房屋建筑中人均钢铁存量差异显著,2016年中国房屋建筑中城镇人均钢铁存量达3145kg/人,农村为530kg/人。
韩中奎, 文博杰, 代涛, 李强峰, 王欢, 冯旭光. 中国房屋建筑中钢铁存量的时空变化[J]. 资源科学, 2018, 40(12): 2351-2359.
Zhongkui HAN, Bojie WEN, Tao DAI, Qiangfeng LI, Huan WANG, Xuguang FENG. Temporal and spatial changes of iron stocks in China's housing construction[J]. Resources Science, 2018, 40(12): 2351-2359.
表1
1949—2016年中国各省份不同时期房屋建筑的单位面积钢铁强度"
时段 | 北京 | 天津 | 上海 | 重庆 | 河北 | 吉林 | 辽宁 | 黑龙江 | 山东 | 山西 | 内蒙 古 | 江苏 | 浙江 | 福建 | 河南 | 安徽 | 湖南 | 湖北 | 贵州 | 江西 | 云南 | 广西 | 广东 | 四川 | 宁夏 | 陕西 | 新疆 | 甘肃 | 西藏 | 青海 | 海南 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
农村住宅房屋建筑 | 2006-2016年 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 25.0 | 15.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 7.5 | 15.0 | 8.5 |
1991-2005年 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 10.0 | 5.0 | |
1979-1990年 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 2.5 | |
1958-1978年 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 0.8 | |
1949-1957年 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | |
农村其他用途房屋建筑 | 2006-2016年 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 20.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 25.0 | 12.5 | 25.0 | 12.5 |
1991-2005年 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 10.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 7.5 | 15.0 | 7.5 | |
1979-1990年 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | |
1958-1978年 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | |
1949-1957年 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | |
城镇住宅房屋建筑 | 2006-2016年 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 75.0 | 60.0 | 65.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 25.0 | 50.0 | 30.0 |
1991-2005年 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | 42.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 17.5 | 35.0 | 17.5 | |
1979-1990年 | 45.0 | 45.0 | 45.0 | 40.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 30.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 30.0 | 15.0 | 30.0 | 15.0 | |
1958-1978年 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 12.5 | 25.0 | 14.0 | |
1949-1957年 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 9.0 | 18.0 | 9.0 | |
城镇其他用途房屋建筑 | 2006-2016年 | 85.0 | 85.0 | 85.0 | 85.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 80.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 80.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 37.5 | 75.0 | 37.5 |
1991-2005年 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 65.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 30.0 | 60.0 | 30.0 | |
1979-1990年 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | 50.0 | 25.0 | |
1958-1978年 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 35.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 15.0 | 30.0 | 15.0 | |
1949-1957年 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 12.5 | 25.0 | 12.5 |
表2
中国房屋建筑生命周期分布参数"
时段 | 农村住宅房屋建筑 | 农村其他用途房屋建筑 | 城镇住宅房屋建筑 | 城镇其他用途房屋建筑 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
α | β | α | β | α | β | α | β | |
1949—1957年 | 3.36 | 15.83 | 3.86 | 15.60 | 6.52 | 30.33 | 7.09 | 30.25 |
1958—1978年 | 3.56 | 15.30 | 4.06 | 15.80 | 6.12 | 30.56 | 6.65 | 29.75 |
1979—1990年 | 3.76 | 20.60 | 3.58 | 15.00 | 6.89 | 28.56 | 6.65 | 29.75 |
1991—2005年 | 4.72 | 25.60 | 3.26 | 15.36 | 6.83 | 30.72 | 6.88 | 31.20 |
2006—2016年 | 5.21 | 30.17 | 4.33 | 30.30 | 7.21 | 50.00 | 7.25 | 50.65 |
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