长江中游经济带主体功能区土地利用转型模式研究

doi:10.18402/resci.2018.11.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在国家深入推进生态文明建设和实施主体功能区战略的背景下,区域土地利用转型模式设计对缓解快速城镇化过程中社会经济发展与土地利用之间的矛盾具有重要意义。本文选取长江中游经济带为研究区,以325个县（区）作为基本研究单元,采用遥感和社会经济等数据,从土地利用形态（显性/隐性）转换的视角构建以耕地、建设用地和林地为典型地类的转型模式要素体系,并在此基础上解析新时期新目标对土地利用转型的要求,甄别不同类型土地利用转型方向,进而遵循可持续发展和主导性原则,总结归纳不同主体功能区土地利用转型模式。研究结果表明：长江中游经济带城市化地区土地利用转型模式包括规模与产出能力适度提升型（D_u+R_u+主导型）、规模控制而产出能力适度提升型（D_uR_u+主导型）等四种;农产品主产区转型模式包括规模和产出能力稳定型（D_cR_c主导型）、规模稳定而产出能力提升型（D_cR_c+主导型）等四种;重点生态功能区转型模式包括规模增加型（D_f+主导型）和规模稳定型（D_f主导型）两种。模式研究有望能为进一步推动长江中游经济带各主体功能区城乡融合发展和促进各县（区）土地可持续利用提供参考。

关键词: 土地利用转型, 模式, 主体功能区, 长江中游经济带

Abstract:

Under the background of national promotion of ecological civilization construction in-depth, with the implementation of the major function zones strategy, the design of the pattern of regional land use transition is significant to solve the conflict between the social economic development and land use in the process of China’s rapid urbanization. The current study investigated the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River Economic Belt, with 325 counties selected as a basic research unit,by using the data of Landsat TM images and socioeconomic statistics. From the perspective of land use morphology transformation (the dominant/recessive morphology), the index system of the pattern of land use transition was designed where construction land, cultivated land, and forest land were the typical types. Furthermore, with deeply analyzing the requirements for land use transition in the new age, the transition directions of the three land types were initiated. Finally, following the principles of sustainable development and dominance, our study generalized the patterns of land use transition of different zones. The results indicated that there were four patterns including scale and output capability moderately improved ((D_u+R_u+)-oriented pattern), and scale controlled and output capability moderately enhanced ((D_uR_u+)-oriented pattern) in the urbanized zone. Four transition patterns including scale increased and output capacity stabilized ((D_c+R_c)-oriented pattern), and scale stabilized and output capacity improved ((D_cR_c+)-oriented pattern) were recognized in the major agricultural production zone, and two transition patterns including scale increased ((D_f+)-oriented pattern) and scale stabilized ((D_f)-oriented pattern) were identified in the key ecological zone. The findings of this research will provide a reference for impelling urban-rural composition development in different major function zones in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River Economic Belt and promote sustainable land use in each unit.

Key words: land use transition, pattern, major function zones, the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River Economic Belt

吴思, 胡守庚, 熊婷, 邹谢华, 朱繁. 长江中游经济带主体功能区土地利用转型模式研究[J]. 资源科学, 2018, 40(11): 2213-2224.

Si WU, Shougeng HU, Ting XIONG, Xiehua ZOU, Fan ZHU. The pattern of land use transition in different major function zones in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River Economic Belt[J]. Resources Science, 2018, 40(11): 2213-2224.

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土地利用类型	土地利用形态（变量）	表征因素	度量指标/单位
建设用地	显性形态（D_u）	建设用地数量	建设用地规模/hm²
建设用地	隐性形态（R_u）	建设用地产出	地均生产总值/（亿元/hm²）
耕地	显性形态（D_c）	耕地数量	耕地规模/hm²
耕地	隐性形态（R_c）	耕地产出	粮食单产/（t/hm²）
林地	显性形态（D_f）	林地数量	林地规模/hm²

主体功能区	模式划分思路	土地利用转型模式	模式说明
城市化地区	建设用地利用转型方向为主导,耕地/林地利用转型方向为辅助	D_u+R_u+主导型	建设用地规模与产出能力需适度提升,其中建设用地产出能力提升范围在(0~9.93) 亿元/hm²之间
		D_u+R_u++主导型	建设用地规模需适度增加,建设用地产出能力需大幅提升,提升范围在(9.94~58.47) 亿元/hm²之间
		D_uR_u+主导型	建设用地规模需进一步控制,建设用地产出能力需适度提升,提升范围在(0~9.93) 亿元/hm²之间
		D_uR_u++主导型	建设用地规模需进一步控制,建设用地产出能力需大幅提升,提升范围在(9.94~58.47) 亿元/hm²之间
农产品主产区	耕地利用转型方向为主导,建设用地/林地利用转型方向为辅助	D_c+R_c主导型	耕地规模适度增加,耕地产出能力需保持稳定
		D_c+R_c+主导型	耕地规模适度增加,耕地产出能力需提升至6.5 t/hm²
		D_cR_c主导型	耕地规模和耕地产出能力需保持稳定
		D_cR_c+主导型	耕地规模稳定,耕地产出能力需提升至6.5 t/hm²
重点生态功能区	林地利用转型方向为主导,耕地/建设用地利用转型方向为辅助	D_f+主导型	林地规模适度增加
重点生态功能区	林地利用转型方向为主导,耕地/建设用地利用转型方向为辅助	D_f主导型	林地规模需保证不减少