资源科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1931-1942.doi: 10.18402/resci.2018.10.03
杨晓1,2(), 刘爱民1(
), 薛莉1,2, 贾盼娜1,2
收稿日期:
2017-12-17
修回日期:
2018-05-07
出版日期:
2018-10-25
发布日期:
2018-10-20
作者简介:
作者简介:杨晓,女,山东聊城人,硕士生,研究方向为自然资源学。E-mail:
基金资助:
Xiao YANG1,2(), Aimin LIU1(
), Li XUE1,2, Panna JIA1,2
Received:
2017-12-17
Revised:
2018-05-07
Online:
2018-10-25
Published:
2018-10-20
摘要:
大豆是一种重要的农产品资源,压榨行业是大豆产业链上的重要环节,它的原料来自大豆种植业,生产的豆粕主要用作饲料业和畜牧业的蛋白原料。自1996年以来,中国大豆进口量不断增加,是全球最大的大豆压榨国,大豆压榨企业布局发生了重大变化。美国和巴西是世界上最大的大豆生产国,也是主要的大豆压榨国,对比分析美国、巴西及中国大豆压榨企业布局特征,对指导中国未来大豆压榨企业投资布局具有重要意义。本文根据项目组20多年持续收集的相关资料,以及美国农业部、巴西植物油加工协会的资料,对比美国、巴西和中国的大豆供求基本特点、大豆生产布局、畜牧业和饲料业分布、大豆压榨企业和产能布局特点发现,美国、巴西的大豆压榨企业主要集中在大豆主产区,并与其国内豆粕市场空间高度重合,呈现“大集聚、小分散”的布局形态;而中国大豆压榨企业布局和大豆制品销区在空间上不完全重合,逐渐形成了以沿海港口城市为压榨核心,以长江、哈大铁路等交通运输线路扩散的带状布局形态。区域畜牧业、饲料业发展决定着豆粕市场需求空间,但是大豆原料供给与豆粕需求在空间上往往存在差异,除了不同国家和区域的产业政策外,大豆原料及豆粕的运费成本、豆粕的市场潜力、区域内大豆压榨产能规模及企业间分工协作所产生的集聚效应是造成大豆压榨企业空间布局形态存在巨大差异的主要原因。
杨晓, 刘爱民, 薛莉, 贾盼娜. 主要国家大豆压榨企业布局特征及其成因——以美国、巴西、中国为例[J]. 资源科学, 2018, 40(10): 1931-1942.
Xiao YANG, Aimin LIU, Li XUE, Panna JIA. Characteristics of soybean processing plants distribution and its causes—taking America, Brazil and China as examples[J]. Resources Science, 2018, 40(10): 1931-1942.
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