资源科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 1307-1318.doi: 10.18402/resci.2018.06.20
• • 上一篇
荣培君1,2(), 张丽君2(
), 刘荣增1, 秦耀辰2, 郑智成2
收稿日期:
2018-01-04
修回日期:
2018-03-05
出版日期:
2018-06-25
发布日期:
2018-06-22
作者简介:
作者简介:荣培君,女,河南开封人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为区域可持续发展。E-mail:
基金资助:
Peijun RONG1,2(), Lijun ZHANG2(
), Rongzeng LIU1, Yaochen QIN2, Zhicheng ZHENG2
Received:
2018-01-04
Revised:
2018-03-05
Online:
2018-06-25
Published:
2018-06-22
摘要:
在气候变化和快速城镇化的背景下可持续交通问题日益受到重视。本文借助大样本调查数据和高分辨率遥感影像,以城市快速扩张的典型中小城市河南开封市为研究区域,采用ESDA、GWR等空间统计和分析方法探索城市内部家庭出行碳排放空间差异及影响因素。结果表明:① 开封市家庭出行碳排放的高值集聚区大多分布于城市的外圈层,在一定程度上验证了城市蔓延对居民出行碳排放增加的驱动效应;② 家庭出行碳排放的局部空间差异反映出城市快速扩张区域新建商品房小区职住分离、公共服务供给与城市发展不匹配的现象,以及城市发展缓慢区域大型购物场所等便民服务设施缺失等问题;③ 家庭出行碳排放的不均衡性明显,但收入水平并非决定因素,小汽车的拥有量、出行距离、出行频率以及机动车出行比重对其有显著的正向影响,其中教育出行距离比职住距离影响更甚,说明伴随着家庭对教育的不断重视,优质教育资源的不均衡发展有待改善;④ 除男主人出行频率对出行碳排放的影响空间破碎化程度较高外,其余影响因素的作用强度均明显存在与城市发展的主要方向相一致的东西带状渐变的空间分布规律。
荣培君, 张丽君, 刘荣增, 秦耀辰, 郑智成. 开封城市家庭日常出行碳排放空间分异研究[J]. 资源科学, 2018, 40(6): 1307-1318.
Peijun RONG, Lijun ZHANG, Rongzeng LIU, Yaochen QIN, Zhicheng ZHENG. The spatial diversity of household daily travel carbon emissions in Kaifeng[J]. Resources Science, 2018, 40(6): 1307-1318.
Table 1
Main characteristics of the household travel carbon emissions per week in Kaifeng (kg/周,%)"
出行类别 | 比重 | 极小值 | 极大值 | 均值 | 标准差 | 变异系数 | 零碳比重 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
通勤 | 67.32 | 0.35 | 271.47 | 15.65 | 20.17 | 1.29 | 19.10 |
上下学 | 20.79 | 0.14 | 73.80 | 5.54 | 7.06 | 1.27 | 34.58 |
购物 | 5.98 | 0.01 | 22.86 | 1.56 | 2.51 | 1.61 | 44.07 |
娱乐 | 5.91 | 0.01 | 44.28 | 2.31 | 4.36 | 1.89 | 52.56 |
总出行 | 100 | 0.02 | 342.91 | 19.86 | 23.17 | 1.17 | 8.12 |
表3
家庭出行碳排放影响因素逐步回归结果"
解释变量 | 变量说明 | 单位 | 系数 | 标准误 | 显著性 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(常量) | -17.025 | 1.686 | 0.000 | |||
男主人职住距离(x1) | 住所距离男主人工作地点的距离 | km | 0.591 | 0.070 | 0.000 | |
男主人往返次数(x2) | 家庭男主人每天上下班往返的次数 | 次 | 5.531 | 0.821 | 0.003 | |
女主人职住距离(x3) | 住所距离女主人工作地点的距离 | km | 1.765 | 0.041 | 0.000 | |
女主人往返次数(x4) | 家庭女主人每天上下班往返的次数 | 次 | 2.681 | 0.785 | 0.011 | |
学住距离(x5) | 住所距孩子学校的距离 | km | 2.234 | 0.145 | 0.000 | |
上学往返次数(x6) | 家里学龄孩子每天上下学往返的次数 | 次 | 2.597 | 0.591 | 0.000 | |
小汽车数量(x7) | 同一住所家庭成员所拥有小汽车数量 | 辆 | 2.285 | 1.316 | 0.013 | |
机动出行概率(x8) | 每周机动车出行的次数占总出行次数的比例 | % | 6.225 | 2.515 | 0.013 | |
调整的R2 0.429 | ||||||
F检验值 130.896 | (sig.=0.000) |
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