基于非期望产出的中国海洋渔业经济效率评价与时空分异

doi:10.18402/resci.2017.11.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鉴于污染指标的不易测度,前人研究海洋渔业经济时极少从定量角度关注非期望产出。本文以海洋天然渔业水域污染所造成的负效应作为非期望产出,采用SBM（Slacks Based Measure）模型,对2004—2015年中国沿海11个省市区的海洋渔业经济效率进行评价,在此基础上采用Kernel密度和Tobit模型分析各省市区海洋渔业经济效率时空演化格局及其影响因素。研究结果表明：①基于时间序列视角,中国海洋渔业经济效率值持续低迷,说明近年来中国海洋渔业经济转型升级规制尚未发挥预期的效果;②基于时空视角,中国沿海11个省市区的海洋渔业经济效率呈现两极分化态势,且未得到有效改善,说明中国沿海地区渔业经济发展水平失衡;③基于全局视角,中国海洋渔业经济效率整体偏低,说明中国海洋渔业经济发展速度较迟缓;④基于产业结构视角,第一产业比重过高是影响中国整体海洋渔业经济效率持续走低的主因,技术水平偏低是影响海洋渔业经济效率的关键,说明中国海洋渔业产业结构继续沿用传统的以第一产业为主的模式在运行。为扭转渔民就业专业化水平与效率的负向关系,渔业转产转业政策需提质增效。未来中国海洋渔业经济转型面临体制转型和结构转型双重挑战。在以制度创新引领体制转型升级前提下,根据中国沿海11个省市区的不同资源禀赋,调整产业结构,优化区域布局,走特色差异化创新发展之路是提高海洋渔业经济效率的可选路径。

关键词: Kernel密度, SBM, Tobit模型, 非期望产出, 海洋渔业经济效率

Abstract: In view of the fact that the pollution index is not easy to measure,less attention has been paid to the undesirable outputs from the frontier quantitative research on marine fishery economy. In this study,it is assumed the negative effect caused by pollution of marine natural fisheries waters as the undesirable outputs. We adopt SBM （Slacks based measure）model to evaluate the economic efficiency of marine fishery in 11 coastal provincial-level areas of China from 2004 to 2015. Furthermore,we use Kernel density and Tobit model to analyze the spatio-temporal evolu-tion and influencing factors of economic efficiency of marine fishery. The results show that：In the time series perspective,the economic efficiency of marine fishery remains low,indicating that the marine fishery economic restructuring and upgrading has not yet achieved the desirable effect;From the perspective of time and space,the economic efficiency of marine fishery in the study area has shown a polarization trend and has not been effectively improved. This indicates that the level of marine fishery development is unbalanced in China. Generally speaking,the economic efficiency of marine fishery is low,which indicates that marine fishery economic development is relatively slow in China. In terms of industrial structure,the main reason for the low overall economic efficiency of marine fishery is attributed to the high proportion of the primary industry and the low level of technology,suggesting that marine fishery industry structure continues to follow the traditional mode that the primary industry dominates the economy. In order to reverse the negative relationship between the professional level and efficiency of fishermen's employment, it should be improved in quality and efficiency of the transfer industry and employment policy. In the future,marine fishery will face the dual challenges of institutional and structural transformation in China. According to the different resource endowments of coastal areas,firstly,the institutional innovation should hold a leading position in the transformation and upgrading of the system. Secondly,it is urgent to develop a differentiated and innovative development path. To improve the economic efficiency of marine fishery,we should adjust the industrial structure and optimize the regional layout.

Key words: kernel density, marine fishery economic efficiency, SBM model, Tobit model, undesirable outputs

孙康, 季建文, 李丽丹, 张超, 刘峻峰, 付敏. 基于非期望产出的中国海洋渔业经济效率评价与时空分异[J]. 资源科学, 2017, 39(11): 2040-2051.

SUN Kang, JI Jianwen, LI Lidan, ZHANG Chao, LIU Junfeng, FU Min. Marine fishery economic efficiency and its spatio-temporal differences based on undesirable outputs in China[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(11): 2040-2051.

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