设备智能化与管理信息化对高校用水的影响——以北京市为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2017.10.14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着智慧城市建设脚步加快,智能技术逐渐成熟并得到广泛应用,智能设备走进千家万户,融入各行各业,改变了城市水资源消费和管理的方式,尤其是城市公共生活用水。在众多行业中,高校的用水管理起步早,节水管理水平较高,主要体现在节水型器具和设备的普及与水管理信息化系统的使用上。对以传感器技术和水管理系统为代表的高校节水技术和用水管理基本特征的研究,有助于提高城市公共行业用水效率和行业管理信息化水平。本文采用典型问卷调查法和数理统计法,以北京市为研究区域收集高校用水及涉水设备智能化和管理信息化数据,分析智能设备与管理信息化对高校用水的影响。并以此为背景,针对城市公共行业用水管理信息化提出建议：将北京市高校的节水和水管理信息化经验在高校间推广,同时向其他行业推广,如宾馆、医院、饭店、机关和洗车行业等;增加水管理信息系统应用及节水效果在城市行业节水工作的管理评价指标中的比重;在日常城市用水管理工作中,加强信息基础设施建设,增加信息技术应用,提高信息资源的使用效率,积极推进节水管理信息化进程,实现城市水资源管理精细化。

关键词: 用水设备, 智能化, 管理信息化, 用水管理, 高校, 北京市

Abstract:

As the pace of smart city construction accelerates,intelligent technologies have gradually matured and smart devices have been integrated into all walks of life. The way people use and manage water has significantly changed,especially for urban public water use. Among public service industries,colleges and universities were early adopters of water management and advanced water saving management. Research on the basic characteristics of water saving technology and water management in colleges and universities represented by sensor technology and water management system will improve the water efficiency of the urban public industry and informatization level of industry management. Typical questionnaires and mathematical statistics were used to collect management information of water and wading equipment in Beijing to analyze the influence of intelligent equipment and management informationization on university water use. We found that it is necessary to popularize the experiences of water-saving and water management informationization among universities,and actively promote it to other industries,such as hotels,hospitals,restaurants,agencies and the car washing industry. Generalizing water management information systems and watersaving effects in the management evaluation index of urban industry water saving work is necessary. Meticulous routine urban water management could be realized by strengthening the construction of information infrastructure,increasing the application of information technology,improving the use of information resources and promoting infor-mationalized water conservation management systems.

Key words: water use equipment, intelligence, management informatization, water management, university, Beijing

陈阳, 陈远生, 吕文菲, 刘华先, 罗文哲. 设备智能化与管理信息化对高校用水的影响——以北京市为例[J]. 资源科学, 2017, 39(10): 1956-1963.

Yang CHEN, Yuansheng CHEN, Wenfei LV, Huaxian LIU, Wenzhe LUO. The influence of equipment intelligence and management informatization on campus water use in Beijing[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(10): 1956-1963.

图/表 2

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	2008年11月	2015年11月	相对变化率/%
教学实验日用水量	320.9	295.6	-7.9
食堂日用水量	492.2	104.4	-78.8
宿舍日用水量	622.9	431.9	-30.7