建设用地与城市人口的空间失调特征及其驱动机制分析——以台湾海峡西岸地区为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2017.08.07

资源科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1497-1510.doi: 10.18402/resci.2017.08.07

建设用地与城市人口的空间失调特征及其驱动机制分析——以台湾海峡西岸地区为例

刘钰^1,^4,⁵(), 詹晨霄¹, 张鹏岩², 孙东琪³, 马海涛³, 王振波³, 张浩⁴()

1. 河南大学土木建筑学院,开封 475003
2. 河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,开封 475003
3. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
4. 复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海 200433
5. 河南大学中原发展研究院,开封 475003

修回日期:2017-06-19 出版日期:2017-08-20 发布日期:2017-08-20
作者简介:
作者简介：刘钰,男,河北石家庄人, 博士,副教授,主要研究方向为建设用地的空间调控。E-mail：microly@126.com
基金资助:
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（41401183）;河南大学省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（0000A40454）;河南大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（16NA042）

Characteristics and driving forces of the spatial imbalance between construction land and urban populations

Yu LIU^1,^4,⁵(), Chenxiao ZHAN¹, Pengyan ZHANG², Dongqi SUN³, Haitao MA³, Zhenbo WANG³, Hao ZHANG⁴()

1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475003,China
2. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions,Henan University,Kaifeng 475003,China
3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China
4. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433, China
5. Research Institute for Development in the Central Plains Region,Henan University,Kaifeng 475003,China

Revised:2017-06-19 Online:2017-08-20 Published:2017-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建设用地剧烈扩张和城市人口快速聚集是中国城镇化进程的重要特征,人地空间失调已成为城市和区域高效、可持续发展的重要制约。本文以城镇化快速推进中的台湾海峡西岸地区为案例,采用基尼系数、空间指向系数、比较优势指数和离差系数模型分析了建设用地和城市人口的空间失调和演化特征,使用OLS和GWR模型探讨了城市人地空间失调的驱动机制。研究结果表明：①城市人地空间分布失调的主要症结是建设用地扩张速度快、分布失衡、波动剧烈,并具有先扩大后缩小的动态特征;②城市人地空间格局失调的主导症结是建设用地向中心城市的聚集超前于城市人口聚集,表现为区域分异和空间极化特征,并伴随城市发展呈现“人口冒进-土地冒进-人地协调”的演化特征;③产业结构升级调整、土地城镇化水平、土地的经济效率和城市区位差异是建设用地和城市人口空间失调的重要驱动因素。相关结论可为优化土地资源配置、实现新型城镇化提供参考。

关键词: 建设用地, 城市人口, 空间失调, 驱动机制, 离差系数模型, 地理加权回归, 台湾海峡西岸地区

Abstract:

Construction land expansion and urban population aggregation are two critical and interactive processes during urbanization. The spatial imbalance between them has become a constraint of healthy urbanization. This study analyzed the characteristics of the spatial imbalance between construction land and the urban population on the West Coast of the Taiwan Strait Area,using spatial distribution index,comparative advantage index,and deviation coefficient modeling. Driving forces of the spatial imbalance were explored based on OLS and GWR models. We found that the main sticking points driving the spatial imbalance between construction land and the urban population were spatial sprawl,uneven distribution and violent fluctuation of construction land. The imbalanced spatial distribution has experienced a phased process,and the gap expanded at first and then narrowed. Construction land shows significant central city oriented spatial aggregation,and spatial aggregation far outstripped spatial aggregation of the urban population. This spatial imbalance exhibited significant regional differences and a spatial polarization pattern,and was closely related to city development. Along with city development,the imbalance evolved from aggressive expansion of construction land to aggressive aggregation of urban population and eventually to the balance of spatial patterns. Changes in industrial structure,land urbanization level,economic efficiency of land and geographical positions were identified as main driving forces of the spatial imbalance between construction land and urban populations. These findings will help optimize the allocation of land resources,and facilitate implementation of new urbanization.

Key words: construction land, urban population, spatial imbalance, driving mechanism, deviation coefficient model, geographically weighted regression, the West Coast of the Taiwan Strait Area

刘钰, 詹晨霄, 张鹏岩, 孙东琪, 马海涛, 王振波, 张浩. 建设用地与城市人口的空间失调特征及其驱动机制分析——以台湾海峡西岸地区为例[J]. 资源科学, 2017, 39(8): 1497-1510.

Yu LIU, Chenxiao ZHAN, Pengyan ZHANG, Dongqi SUN, Haitao MA, Zhenbo WANG, Hao ZHANG. Characteristics and driving forces of the spatial imbalance between construction land and urban populations[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(8): 1497-1510.

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城市类型	2014年城镇化率 /%	2003-2014年 GDP增加值 /万亿	2003-2014年农业GDP占比的变化率 /%
核心型	95.63	0.85	-61.96
土地集中型	37.10	0.13	-47.76
波动型	44.92	0.12	-24.70
稳定型	32.99	0.09	-23.86
人口集中型	25.11	0.04	-41.05

参数	回归系数	t统计量	方差膨胀因子
常数项	-0.52	-4.36**	-
第三产业GDP占比	0.73	2.66**	1.23
土地城镇化率	2.35	4.86**	3.06
地均GDP	-6.99	-2.31*	3.01

建设用地与城市人口的空间失调特征及其驱动机制分析——以台湾海峡西岸地区为例

Characteristics and driving forces of the spatial imbalance between construction land and urban populations

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