资源科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 1303-1313.doi: 10.18402/resci.2017.07.08
刘群阅(), 尤达, 朱里莹, 王亚蕾, 黄启堂, 兰思仁(
)
收稿日期:
2017-03-14
修回日期:
2017-05-14
出版日期:
2017-07-20
发布日期:
2017-07-20
作者简介:
作者简介:刘群阅,男,福建莆田人,博士生,研究方向为风景园林规划与设计。E-mail:
基金资助:
Qunyue LIU(), Da YOU, Liying ZHU, Yalei WANG, Qitang HUANG, Siren LAN(
)
Received:
2017-03-14
Revised:
2017-05-14
Online:
2017-07-20
Published:
2017-07-20
摘要:
场所依恋能够有效影响城市公园游憩者的态度、行为意向以及对环境的感知。根据已有的研究结果,从环境心理学和游憩者感知的角度,以福州8个城市公园为例,测量了8个公园游憩者的场所依恋和环境恢复性知觉,通过构建结构方程模型探讨了游憩者场所依恋与环境恢复性知觉的关系。结果表明:①城市公园游憩者的场所依恋由场所依赖和场所认同两个维度构成;②场所依赖对场所认同有显著正向影响(影响系数为0.89);③场所依赖对环境恢复性知觉的直接影响不显著,场所认同对环境恢复性知觉有显著正向影响(影响系数为0.90),场所依赖主要通过场所认同的中介作用对环境恢复性知觉产生间接影响。因而,城市公园的管理规划者应注重城市公园的服务功能,加强管理,不断地提高服务水平以提高游憩者的场所依赖,同时,也要注意地域性景观营造和文化历史传承以提高游憩者的场所认同,最终提高城市公园的恢复性效益。
刘群阅, 尤达, 朱里莹, 王亚蕾, 黄启堂, 兰思仁. 游憩者场所依恋与恢复性知觉关系研究——以福州城市公园为例[J]. 资源科学, 2017, 39(7): 1303-1313.
Qunyue LIU, Da YOU, Liying ZHU, Yalei WANG, Qitang HUANG, Siren LAN. The relationship between place attachment and restorative perception of tourists visiting Fuzhou urban parks[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(7): 1303-1313.
表1
观测变量及其均值(n=435)"
测量维度 | 测试题项 | 均值 | 标准差 | 单项与总和* 相关系数 | 克朗巴哈 α系数 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
场所依恋 | |||||
场所依赖 | A1这个公园是最适合我休闲放松的地方 | 4.75 | 1.421 | 0.798 | 0.878 |
A2这个公园的游憩环境是其他公园所不能比的 | 4.88 | 1.321 | 0.799 | ||
A3在这个公园进行游憩活动比在其它公园更满意 | 4.98 | 1.203 | 0.773 | ||
A4虽然在其它公园也可以进行活动,但这个公园更适合 | 4.94 | 1.288 | 0.772 | ||
A5在这个公园的游憩活动,不愿在其它公园进行 | 4.88 | 1.229 | 0.733 | ||
场所认同 | B1我觉得这个公园已经成为我生命的一部分 | 4.96 | 1.288 | 0.674 | 0.834 |
B2这个公园对我有特殊意义 | 5.07 | 1.274 | 0.699 | ||
B3我很认同公园里的环境 | 4.86 | 1.221 | 0.787 | ||
B4我很留恋这个公园 | 4.99 | 1.214 | 0.804 | ||
B5在公园里的经历丰富了我对自己的认识 | 4.63 | 1.328 | 0.676 | ||
恢复性知觉 | |||||
远离 | C1这个公园可以带给我一种脱离世俗的体验 | 4.70 | 1.262 | 0.775 | 0.896 |
C2这个公园可以让我脱离一成不变的日常生活而得到休息 | 4.83 | 1.238 | 0.790 | ||
C3这个公园是一个可以让我完全休息的地方 | 4.57 | 1.287 | 0.764 | ||
C4这个公园中的环境可以帮助我放松紧绷的心情 | 4.88 | 1.205 | 0.722 | ||
C5在这个公园中,我感觉到不受工作及日常生活的拘束 | 4.81 | 1.198 | 0.761 | ||
延展性 | C6在公园中我觉得周围的景物是协调的 | 4.91 | 1.129 | 0.707 | 0.851 |
C7我对于公园中看不见的景观感到相当好奇 | 4.81 | 1.256 | 0.709 | ||
C8这个公园的景观可以使我延伸出许多美好的联想 | 4.97 | 1.178 | 0.762 | ||
C9这个公园中景观的组成元素是相配的 | 4.89 | 1.105 | 0.737 | ||
魅力性 | C10这个公园中的环境具有吸引人的特质 | 4.90 | 1.111 | 0.723 | 0.821 |
C11这个公园的环境可吸引我进行更多的探索与发现 | 4.84 | 1.170 | 0.759 | ||
C12这个公园的环境是有魅力的 | 5.01 | 1.151 | 0.719 | ||
C13我会想要花更多的时间在这个公园中逗留 | 4.91 | 1.149 | 0.724 | ||
兼容性 | C14在这个公园中,我可以做我喜欢做的事情 | 4.87 | 1.229 | 0.734 | 0.874 |
C15我可以很快地适应这个公园的环境 | 4.99 | 1.160 | 0.712 | ||
C16我感觉我已经和这个公园融为一体 | 4.65 | 1.263 | 0.738 | ||
C17我可以在这个公园中找到自得其乐的方法 | 4.85 | 1.251 | 0.784 | ||
C18在这个公园中,很适合做我喜欢做的事情 | 4.79 | 1.194 | 0.750 |
表2
测量模型拟合度检验"
拟合指标 | χ2/df | GFI | RMSEA | IFI | NFI | CFI | TLI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
理想数值 | [1,3](宽松值 [1,5]) | ≥0.900 | <0.100 | ≥0.900 | ≥0.900 | ≥0.900 | ≥0.900 |
场所依赖测量模型 | 5.234 | 0.963 | 0.108 | 0.966 | 0.962 | 0.966 | 0.932 |
评价结果 | 接近适配 | 适配 | 接近适配 | 适配 | 适配 | 适配 | 适配 |
场所认同测量模型 | 1.896 | 0.992 | 0.045 | 0.994 | 0.988 | 0.994 | 0.989 |
评价结果 | 适配 | 适配 | 适配 | 适配 | 适配 | 适配 | 适配 |
恢复性知觉测量模型 | 4.629 | 0.869 | 0.091 | 0.912 | 0.890 | 0.911 | 0.895 |
评价结果 | 适配 | 接近适配 | 适配 | 适配 | 接近适配 | 适配 | 接近适配 |
表3
测量模型分析结果"
变量 | 标准化 因子负荷 | t值 | 平方复相关系数 | 标准误 | 组合信度 (CR) | 平均变异 抽取量(AVE) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
场所依恋 | ||||||
场所依赖(A) | 0.880 | 0.594 | ||||
A1 | 0.79 | 0.619 | ||||
A2 | 0.79 | 17.540 | 0.625 | 0.053 | ||
A3 | 0.78 | 17.250 | 0.608 | 0.049 | ||
A4 | 0.78 | 17.140 | 0.602 | 0.052 | ||
A5 | 0.65 | 15.440 | 0.506 | 0.051 | ||
场所认同(B) | 0.841 | 0.516 | ||||
B1 | 0.62 | 0.382 | ||||
B2 | 0.68 | 11.650 | 0.459 | 0.093 | ||
B3 | 0.80 | 13.070 | 0.633 | 0.093 | ||
B4 | 0.82 | 13.350 | 0.675 | 0.094 | ||
B5 | 0.65 | 11.340 | 0.428 | 0.096 | ||
恢复性知觉(C) | ||||||
远离 | 0.895 | 0.631 | ||||
C1 | 0.82 | 0.669 | ||||
C2 | 0.82 | 19.688 | 0.670 | 0.050 | ||
C3 | 0.79 | 18.859 | 0.630 | 0.052 | ||
C4 | 0.75 | 17.543 | 0.567 | 0.050 | ||
C5 | 0.79 | 18.744 | 0.534 | 0.049 | ||
延展性 | 0.852 | 0.590 | ||||
C6 | 0.73 | 0.562 | ||||
C7 | 0.75 | 15.114 | 0.656 | 0.076 | ||
C8 | 0.81 | 16.356 | 0.605 | 0.071 | ||
C9 | 0.78 | 15.700 | 0.551 | 0.066 | ||
魅力性 | 0.827 | 0.545 | ||||
C10 | 0.74 | 0.609 | ||||
C11 | 0.78 | 16.336 | 0.530 | 0.068 | ||
C12 | 0.73 | 15.159 | 0.486 | 0.067 | ||
C13 | 0.70 | 14.469 | 0.575 | 0.067 | ||
兼容性 | 0.876 | 0.586 | ||||
C14 | 0.76 | 0.499 | ||||
C15 | 0.71 | 14.941 | 0.540 | 0.059 | ||
C16 | 0.73 | 15.619 | 0.690 | 0.064 | ||
C17 | 0.83 | 17.957 | 0.624 | 0.062 | ||
C18 | 0.79 | 16.961 | 0.625 | 0.060 |
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