资源科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 911-923.doi: 10.18402/resci.2017.05.11
收稿日期:
2016-11-28
修回日期:
2017-02-15
出版日期:
2017-05-20
发布日期:
2017-05-20
作者简介:
作者简介:袁丽静,女,辽宁沈阳市人,博士,助理研究员,主要研究方向为产业经济学、技术创新等。E-mail:
基金资助:
Received:
2016-11-28
Revised:
2017-02-15
Online:
2017-05-20
Published:
2017-05-20
摘要:
尽管世界各国都在致力于环境保护和经济增长的双赢发展,但是规制目标和规制效果之间的差距表明对此的研究仍需更进一步。以往文献多集中在环境规制和企业技术创新的单层关系剖析上,对政府干预的多政策耦合影响关注不够。本文基于优势互补视角,分析政府补贴在环境规制和企业技术创新中的协调作用,构建环境规制、政府补贴对企业技术创新的综合影响模型。研究发现:政府补贴的加入并没有影响环境规制与企业技术创新的“U型”关系,适当使用政府补贴反而可以弱化环境规制对技术创新的负面影响,促进企业提前开展技术创新。通过1998-2008年30个省份面板数据的验证,得出中国环境规制强度的阶段性门槛和政府补贴适度区间,进而提出不同地区环境规制和政府补贴配合使用的调整方案,为其他相关研究和政府政策设计提供新的思路和可能的借鉴。
袁丽静, 郑晓凡. 环境规制、政府补贴对企业技术创新的耦合影响[J]. 资源科学, 2017, 39(5): 911-923.
Lijing YUAN, Xiaofan ZHENG. Coupling induction of environmental regulation and government subsidy on enterprise technological innovation[J]. Resources Science, 2017, 39(5): 911-923.
表1
变量的描述性统计"
变量 | 变量涵义 | 样本容量 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 均值 | 标准差 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ln(Patent) | 专利申请数量(项,取自然对数) | 330 | 10.409 | 1.609 | 6.032 | 1.627 |
ER1 | (污染治理成本/工业总产值)×1000,每千元工业产值的污染治理成本 | 330 | 16.471 | 0.815 | 3.360 | 1.731 |
ER2 | (污染治理成本/主营业务收入)×1000,每千元企业主营业务收入所 对应的治污费用 | 330 | 16.098 | 0.870 | 3.420 | 1.748 |
ln(SUBS) | 政府补贴(万元,取自然对数) | 330 | 12.252 | 2.708 | 9.492 | 1.447 |
lnL | 全时人员当量(人年,取自然对数) | 330 | 15.740 | 7.936 | 12.476 | 1.409 |
ln(ENT) | 企业自有资金(万元,取自然对数) | 330 | 12.087 | 4.443 | 9.185 | 1.273 |
ln(Size) | 企业工业总产值(万元)/工业企业数(个),取自然对数 | 330 | 11.790 | 9.205 | 10.503 | 0.647 |
ln(GDP) | 人均GDP(元/人,取自然对数) | 330 | 11.036 | 7.719 | 9.179 | 0.651 |
OPEN | (进出口总额/GDP)×10 | 330 | 16.682 | 0.405 | 3.121 | 3.730 |
表3
回归结果"
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 |
---|---|---|---|
ER | -0.138** (0.055) | -0.138** (0.055) | -0.501*** (0.147) |
0.009** (0.004) | 0.009** (0.004) | 0.007* (0.004) | |
ln(SUBS) | -0.106 (0.073) | -0.202** (0.080) | |
ln(ENT) | 0.587*** (0.120) | 0.580*** (0.120) | 0.606*** (0.119) |
lnL | 0.208** (0.098) | 0.232** (0.099) | 0.168* (0.101) |
ln(Size) | 0.075 (0.160) | 0.053 (0.161) | 0.044 (0.159) |
lnGDP | 0.622** (0.311) | 0.779** (0.328) | 0.763** (0.325) |
OPEN | 0.102*** (0.030) | 0.104*** (0.030) | 0.116*** (0.030) |
ln(SUBS)×ER | 0.042*** (0.016) | ||
0.789 | 0.790 | 0.795 | |
Adj- | 0.763 | 0.764 | 0.769 |
F统计量 | 156.410 | 137.660 | 125.720 |
表4
方法一稳健性检验回归结果"
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 |
---|---|---|---|
ER | -0.155*** (0.056) | -0.155*** (0.056) | -0.543*** (0.144) |
0.010** (0.004) | 0.010** (0.004) | 0.008* (0.004) | |
ln(SUBS) | -0.106 (0.072) | -0.211*** (0.080) | |
ln(ENT) | 0.586*** (0.120) | 0.579*** (0.120) | 0.609*** (0.119) |
lnL | 0.204** (0.098) | 0.227** (0.099) | 0.156 (0.101) |
ln(Size) | 0.068 (0.160) | 0.046 (0.156) | 0.035 (0.158) |
lnGDP | 0.636** (0.309) | 0.792** (0.327) | 0.777** (0.323) |
OPEN | 0.101*** (0.030) | 0.103*** (0.030) | 0.116*** (0.030) |
ln(SUBS) | 0.045*** (0.015) | ||
0.790 | 0.792 | 0.797 | |
Adj- | 0.764 | 0.765 | 0.771 |
F统计量 | 157.400 | 138.530 | 127.210 |
表5
方法二稳健性检验回归结果"
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 |
---|---|---|---|
ER | -0.168*** (0.059) | -0.169*** (0.059) | -0.523*** (0.155) |
0.011*** (0.004) | 0.011** (0.004) | 0.009** (0.004) | |
ln(SUBS) | -0.096 (0.079) | -0.194*** (0.087) | |
ln(ENT) | 0.549*** (0.133) | 0.546*** (0.133) | 0.567*** (0.132) |
lnL | 0.188* (0.106) | 0.209* (0.107) | 0.137 (0.110) |
ln(Size) | 0.117 (0.175) | 0.100 (0.175) | 0.096 (0.174) |
lnGDP | 0.647* (0.345) | 0.778** (0.361) | 0.765** (0.357) |
OPEN | 0.092** (0.044) | 0.094** (0.044) | 0.113** (0.044) |
ln(SUBS) | 0.041** (0.017) | ||
0.770 | 0.772 | 0.777 | |
Adj- | 0.741 | 0.742 | 0.748 |
F统计量 | 121.190 | 106.430 | 97.170 |
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