资源科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 1550-1560.doi: 10.18402/resci.2016.08.13
收稿日期:
2015-11-06
修回日期:
2016-05-25
出版日期:
2016-08-25
发布日期:
2016-08-25
作者简介:
作者简介:贾耀锋,男,宁夏西吉人,博士,教授,主要从事资源开发和保护研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Received:
2015-11-06
Revised:
2016-05-25
Online:
2016-08-25
Published:
2016-08-25
摘要:
中国生态移民发端于20世纪80年代初的经济社会快速发展时期,成因于经济社会-资源环境系统的不协调性。生态移民政策实施的效果由此也成为政府和学者关注的焦点。本文通过对中国生态移民效益评估研究文献的全面梳理,系统分析了其评估对象、内容、方法和结果等方面的研究现状。研究发现,已有生态移民效益评估研究主要针对中国中西部各省典型移民工程,应用定性和定量分析方法,从不同视角对移民效益进行了经济、生态、社会的单因子或多因子考察,重点对移民经济收入变化进行了评估;生态移民效益评估结果虽然受迁入区资源环境容量、移民政策制定和实施过程、移民适应能力等的影响,但评估研究的数据来源、评估方法对评估结果也产生重要影响。未来生态移民效益评估研究要强调对反映整个移民区域经济、生态环境、社会文化心理等方面变化的全面调研,以第三方作为评估主体,甄选适宜的指标和方法对生态移民政策的制定、实施及效果进行全程考察和评估。
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