中国生态移民效益评估研究综述

doi:10.18402/resci.2016.08.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国生态移民发端于20世纪80年代初的经济社会快速发展时期,成因于经济社会-资源环境系统的不协调性。生态移民政策实施的效果由此也成为政府和学者关注的焦点。本文通过对中国生态移民效益评估研究文献的全面梳理,系统分析了其评估对象、内容、方法和结果等方面的研究现状。研究发现,已有生态移民效益评估研究主要针对中国中西部各省典型移民工程,应用定性和定量分析方法,从不同视角对移民效益进行了经济、生态、社会的单因子或多因子考察,重点对移民经济收入变化进行了评估;生态移民效益评估结果虽然受迁入区资源环境容量、移民政策制定和实施过程、移民适应能力等的影响,但评估研究的数据来源、评估方法对评估结果也产生重要影响。未来生态移民效益评估研究要强调对反映整个移民区域经济、生态环境、社会文化心理等方面变化的全面调研,以第三方作为评估主体,甄选适宜的指标和方法对生态移民政策的制定、实施及效果进行全程考察和评估。

关键词: 中国, 生态移民, 效益评估, 研究现状, 综述

Abstract:

Domestic ecological migration began in the early 1980s in China,in which the economic society began its rapid development. Ecological migration stemmed from incoordination between economic society systems and resource environment systems. The effect of the implementation of ecological migration policy has become a focus of governments and scholars. Here,I conduct a comprehensive review of domestic ecological migration research and systematically analyze the present research status by evaluating the object,content,methods and results of domestic ecological migration. Research on the evaluation of ecological migration benefits are mainly aimed at typical migrant projects in central and western provinces of China. By applying qualitative and quantitative analysis,research has investigated the economic,ecological and social benefits of ecological migration by single factor or multi factor from different perspectives,with a focus on the evaluation of the economic income of migrants. The results of the evaluation of the ecological migration benefits are affected by the capacity of the resource environment,the process of migration policy making and implementation,and adaptability of migrants,but data sources and evaluation methods for evaluation studies also influence the evaluation results. Research on the evaluation of the benefits of ecological migration in the future should pay more attention to the comprehensive investigation of economics,ecological environment and social cultural psychology of the whole migration area,and select third-parties to conduct the evaluation for the formulation,implementation and effect of ecological migration policy.

Key words: China, ecological migration, benefit evaluation, research status, review

贾耀锋. 中国生态移民效益评估研究综述[J]. 资源科学, 2016, 38(8): 1550-1560.

JIA Yaofeng. Review of benefit evaluation research on ecological migration in China[J]. Resources Science, 2016, 38(8): 1550-1560.

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