人类活动信息多尺度遥感影像提取的适用性比较——以灵武白芨滩自然保护区为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2016.08.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类活动干扰是自然保护区监测的主要内容,目前遥感技术已成为保护区人类活动干扰信息获取的重要手段。随着不同时空分辨率遥感数据源的不断涌现,如何选取最适宜的遥感数据源进行干扰信息识别,是目前本领域需要解决的问题。本研究选取目前常用的资源卫星（Landsat-8）、高分卫星（GF-1等）,针对保护区常见的6种人类活动干扰类型,选择2~30m多种影像进行了人类活动干扰信息识别,通过比较不同尺度数据的人类活动干扰信息提取结果,为自然保护区人类活动监测选择最适宜数据源提供支持。灵武白芨滩自然保护区的研究结果表明,较高分辨率的影像提取人类活动干扰的效果较好,内部均匀、分布集中、面积较大的人类活动干扰类型提取可以选取中、低分辨率影像为数据源,而分布离散、破碎、面积较小、细节要求较高的人类活动干扰类型提取需要选取高分辨率影像为数据源。研究成果可为保护区监测方案的制定提供决策依据。

关键词: 影像分辨率, 自然保护区, 人类活动干扰, 人类活动信息识别, 多尺度遥感提取, 白芨滩自然保护区

Abstract:

Human activity information extraction is a primary part of nature reserve monitoring,and remote sensing technology has become a significant method to obtain human activity information. However,with the rapid development of remote sensing technology,various remote sensing data resources with multi-spectral and multi-spatial resolution are available. It cannot be ignored that data sources of different scales have significant effects on nature reserve monitoring. How to choose the most suitable data source for human activity information extraction and nature reserve monitoring is a key problem to be solved. In this study,we choose commonly used Landsat-8 satellite and GF-1 satellite’s imageries of resolution 2m panchromatic band,and resolution 8m/16m/30m multi-spectral bands,for six different kinds of human activity information extraction. By telling the difference among human activity information extracted from different scale data sources,we attempted to provide support for the selection of the most suitable data source in nature reserve monitoring. A case study is carried out for Lingwu Baijitan National Nature Reserve in Yinchuan, Ningxia,showing that imageries with higher resolution gets a better result of human activity extraction. Well-distributed,centralized and large area human activity landscapes could choose medium and low resolution imageries as the data source, while uneven distributed, fragmentized and small area human activity landscapes which has high requirements of details should choose high resolution imageries as data source. Research result is supposed to provide decision support for the establishment of nature reserve monitoring schemes in China.

Key words: image resolution, nature reserve, human activity, human activity information extraction, Baijitan National Nature Reserve

江东, 阎晓曦, 付晶莹. 人类活动信息多尺度遥感影像提取的适用性比较——以灵武白芨滩自然保护区为例[J]. 资源科学, 2016, 38(8): 1409-1422.

JIANG Dong,YAN Xiaoxi,FU Jingying. Applicability comparison of human activity extraction by multi-scale remote sensing imageries：A case study in Lingwu Baijitan National Nature Reserve[J]. Resources Science, 2016, 38(8): 1409-1422.

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卫星	传感器	波段名称	波段范围或中心波长 /μm	空间分辨率 /m	影像景数 /景	成像时间 /年-月-日
GF-1	WFV1	蓝色波段	0.450~0.520	16	1	2014-04-29
	WFV2	绿色波段	0.520~0.590	16
	WFV3	红色波段	0.630~0.690	16
	WFV4	近红外波段	0.770~0.890	16
	PMS1/PMS2	蓝色波段	0.450~0.520	8	3	2014-05-19
		绿色波段	0.520~0.590	8
		红色波段	0.630~0.690	8
		近红外波段	0.770~0.890	8
	PMS1/PMS2	全色波段	0.450~0.900	2	3	2014-05-19
Landsat-8	OLI	深蓝波段	0.433~0.453	30	1	2014-07-28
		蓝色波段	0.450~0.515	30
		绿色波段	0.525~0.600	30
		红色波段	0.630~0.680	30
		近红外波段	0.845~0.885	30
		短波红外波段1	1.560~1.660	30
		短波红外波段2	2.100~2.300	30
		全色波段	0.500~0.680	15
		卷云波段	1.360~1.390	30
	TIRS	热红外波段1	10.900	100
		热红外波段2	12.000	100

分类代码	地物类型	定义
1	农业用地	直接或间接为农业生产而利用的土地
2	居民点	因生产和生活需要而形成的集聚定居地点
3	工矿用地	独立设置的工厂、车间、建筑安装的生产场地等,及在矿产资源开发利用的基础上形成和发展起来的工业区、矿业区
4	道路	供各种无轨车辆和行人通行的基础设施
5	其他人工设施	无法准确划分到以上4种人类活动类别中的人工设施
6	其他	没有受到人类活动干扰的地物类型

地物类型	A₁	A₂	…	A_n
A₁	a₁₁	a₁₂	…	a₁_n
A₂	a₂₁	a₂₂	…	a₂_n
…	…	…	…	…
An	an1	an2	…	ann

影像	分辨率 /m	分割尺度	形状因子权重	紧致度权重	多边形个数/个
GF-1	2	500	0.1	0.5	2 629
GF-1	8	150	0.1	0.5	1 872
GF-1	16	50	0.1	0.5	3 526
Landsat-8	30	100	0.1	0.5	5 847

地物类型	农业用地	居民点	工矿用地	道路	其他人工设施	非人类活动干扰类型
农业用地	120	0	2	0	0	29
居民点	9	93	0	0	0	13
工矿用地	1	0	111	0	0	20
道路	0	0	0	225	0	45
其他人工设施	0	0	0	0	78	9
其他	23	14	10	31	9	239