国家战略背景下黄河三角洲地区国土开发适宜性格局

doi:10.18402/resci.2016.05.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

国家区域发展战略的实施促进了区域国土资源开发,同时也对开发的后续适宜性产生了影响,因此,在国家战略背景下,分析国土开发适宜性时空格局变化是优化空间开发格局和促进区域协调发展的科学基础。本文以黄河三角洲高效生态经济区为研究区,选取其上升为国家战略前后的2006年、2009年和2012年为时间节点,在开发约束、开发需求及水平、开发潜力三个准则层上,构建国土开发适宜性评价指标体系,采用GIS空间聚类方法进行评价,并以县级为单位探寻区域发展战略对适宜性的影响。结果表明:①2012年黄三角国土开发适宜性较低,评价值为0.363,开发约束、开发需求及水平、开发潜力评价值分别为0.223、0.081和0.059。从空间分布上看,东营市开发适宜性最高,其次是东部地区,西部地区开发适宜性最低;②2006-2009年,虽然黄三角工业化和城镇化发展受资源和生态环境约束逐渐降低,但开发利用程度减弱,发展潜力也变弱,总体上开发适宜性减弱。国家战略实施后,黄三角工业化和城镇化发展受资源环境约束有所加大,但开发需求增强,同时开发潜力开始发挥作用,因此开发适宜性出现增加趋势。这也警示政府在今后工业化和城镇化发展过程中,要重视加强资源合理利用和生态环境的治理、保护和修复。

关键词: 区域发展战略, 国土开发适宜性, 黄河三角洲高效生态经济区

Abstract:

The implementation of national strategy has an impact on regional suitability and promotes regional land and resource development. The analysis of the suitability pattern of territorial development under the background of national strategy is a scientific foundation through which to optimize spatial patterns and promote coordinated development. We took the Yellow River Delta as our study area,the years 2006,2009 and 2012,and constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system of national development regarding development constraint,development demand and development potential. We evaluated single factors using a GIS spatial clustering method,carried out a comprehensive evaluation at the county level using the weighted summation method model,and explored the influence of regional strategy on suitability. We found that in 2012 the evaluation values of land development suitability was low with only 0.363,and the evaluation values of development constraint,demand and potential were 0.223,0.081,0.059 respectively. Spatially,the distributed characteristics of land development suitability had a feature of central > eastern > western,meaning that Dongying City was the highest suitability region,and counties in eastern were generally of higher suitability than counties in the west. During the year 2006- 2009,due to development demand and potential reduced,even resources and environment constraints weakened,the development suitability of the area decreased apparently. After the implementation of the national strategy,the development demand and potential increased,even resources and environment constraints enhanced because of continuous use despite of the efforts of environment protection,the development suitability of the area showed the trend of increasing. This gives us the warning,in the future process of industrialization and urbanization,we should pay particular attention to enhance the reasonable use of resources and management as well as to the environment protection and restoration.

Key words: national strategy, development suitability, high-efficiency ecological economic zone in Yellow River Delta

张淑敏, 张宝雷. 国家战略背景下黄河三角洲地区国土开发适宜性格局[J]. 资源科学, 2016, 38(5): 837-846.

ZHANG Shumin,ZHANG Baolei. The suitability pattern of territorial development in the Yellow River Delta under national strategy[J]. Resources Science, 2016, 38(5): 837-846.

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目标层	准则层	支撑层	要素层	功效	权重
黄三角国土	开发约束	生态脆弱性	平均海拔/m	+	0.128
开发适宜性			土壤质地稳定性	+	0.082
综合评价		生态保护重要性	森林覆盖度/%	-	0.037
			水域湿地面积比重/%	-	0.083
			耕地面积比重/%	-	0.053
		资源约束	人均水资源量/m³	+	0.050
		资源约束	土地荒碱化面积比重/%	+	0.026
	开发需求及水平	开发密度	人口密度/（人/km²）	+	0.029
		开发密度	地均GDP/（万元/km²）	+	0.046
		工业化水平	人均GDP/元	+	0.050
		工业化水平	二三产业比重/%	+	0.022
		城镇化水平	城镇用地面积比重/%	+	0.075
		城镇化水平	城镇人口比重/%	+	0.093
	开发潜力	经济发展后劲	人均固定资产投资/元	+	0.055
		经济发展后劲	人均财政收入/元	+	0.047
		交通优势	交通用地面积比重/%	+	0.043
		交通优势	人均道路面积/m²	+	0.083