脱钩视角下城市土地利用效率变化与提升策略----以南昌市为例

doi:10.18402/resci.2016.03.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土地利用效率研究一直是城镇化过程中资源环境与社会经济协调可持续发展相关方面关注的热点.将脱钩分析的理论框架应用于土地利用效率变化的研究,构建基于脱钩视角的城市土地利用效率变化的分析范式,剖析1990年以来南昌市在不同时期段以及连续时期之间的土地利用效率变化特征,并进一步讨论提升南昌市城市土地利用效率的策略.结果表明:①大多数时期段内南昌市土地利用效率下降,并未实现城市经济增长与土地资源消耗的脱钩;②连续时期之间南昌市土地利用效率具有波动上升的趋势.探究这两类变化的原因之后,本文认为"严控增量,盘活存量"这一般性策略仍然非常适用于南昌市脱钩经济增长与土地资源消耗和提升土地利用效率,并辅以产业优化与制度保障.

关键词: 脱钩分析, 土地利用效率, 新型城镇化, 策略, 南昌

Abstract:

The study of land use efficiency is a focal point in sustainable development and urbanization between the resource environment and social economy. Promoting the harmonious development of resources and economic growth is a major issue in China. Decoupling theory has been applied to probe the mechanisms of coordinated sustainable development and measure the speed and extent of decoupling. Here,a theoretical framework of decoupling was applied to changes in land use efficiency and an improved analysis paradigm of changes in land use efficiency from decoupling perspective was developed. The more accurate and regulatory Tapi-model was applied to calculate the coefficient of elasticity between land resource consumption and economic development. Changes in urban land use efficiency in different periods and between continuous periods after 1990 in Nanchang were analyzed,and the strategies for promoting urban land use efficiency are discussed. We found that urban land use efficiency in Nanchang city declined in most periods,it still did not achieve the decoupling of construction land expansion from economic growth and even sloped to a strong negative decoupling (the most unacceptable status). The urban land use efficiency between continuous periods in Nanchang city fluctuated. After exploring both reasons for urban land use efficiency changes we conclude that controlling the increment of urban construction land and vitalizing continually the stock of urban construction land are suitable for decoupling urban construction land expansion from economic growth and promoting urban land use efficiency in Nanchang. Industry optimization and institutional guarantee are also needed. Combining urban planning with land use overall planning,and regulating urban development edges are the most important methods for controlling urban disorder expansion effectively. Last,vitalizing the stock of urban construction land requires the guarantee of economical-intensive land use assessment exam and the reform of the finance-tax system.

Key words: decoupling analysis, land use efficiency, new-type urbanization, strategy, Nanchang

黄和平, 彭小琳. 脱钩视角下城市土地利用效率变化与提升策略----以南昌市为例[J]. 资源科学, 2016, 38(3): 493-500.

HUANG Heping,PENG Xiaolin. Urban land use efficiency changes and improvement strategies from a decoupling perspective in Nanchang City[J]. Resources Science, 2016, 38(3): 493-500.

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脱钩类型	ΔUBA	ΔGDP	E	城市土地资源消耗与经济增长的脱钩类型特征
强脱钩	≤0	>0	E≤0	城市经济增长,城市土地资源消耗下降
强负脱钩	≥0	<0	E≤0	城市经济衰退,城市土地资源消耗增加
弱脱钩	>0	>0	0<E<1	城市土地资源消耗增加的幅度小于经济增长的幅度
扩张性负脱钩	>0	>0	E≥1	城市土地资源消耗增加的幅度大于经济增长的幅度
弱负脱钩	<0	<0	0<E<1	城市土地资源消耗下降的幅度小于经济衰退的幅度
衰退性脱钩	<0	<0	E≥1	城市土地资源消耗下降的幅度大于经济衰退的幅度

时期	ΔUBA	ΔGDP	E	脱钩类型	效率状态	效率变化*
1990-1995	0.05	1.15	0.04	弱脱钩	效率上升Ⅱ型	-
1995-2000	0.24	0.08	3.10	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	下降
2000-2005	0.61	0.12	5.20	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	下降
2005-2010	0.49	0.10	4.92	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	上升
2010-2013	0.24	0.07	3.52	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	上升
2005-2006	0.24	0.02	12.74	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	-
2006-2007	0.07	0.03	2.13	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	上升
2007-2008	0.03	0.01	4.65	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	下降
2008-2009	0.00	-0.02	0.00	强负脱钩	效率下降Ⅲ型	下降
2009-2010	0.09	0.06	1.58	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	上升
2010-2011	0.03	0.07	0.46	弱脱钩	效率上升Ⅱ型	上升
2011-2012	0.03	0.01	2.79	扩张性负脱钩	效率下降Ⅰ型	下降
2012-2013	0.16	-0.01	-11.76	强负脱钩	效率下降Ⅲ型	下降

年份	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
城区	206	210	210	213	215	215.0	215	222	330.0
建成区	135	168	180	185	185	201.5	208	215	249.5