基于整治潜力与迫切度的村级农村居民点整治时序研究

doi:10.18402/resci.2016.02.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

整治潜力测算和迫切度评价是安排农村居民点整治时序的基础与依据。本文运用实地调查与访谈、GIS空间分析等手段与方法,深入分析山西省武乡县农村居民点内部用地结构,并根据用地类型与整治性质的差异将农村居民点整治潜力划分为浅层潜力和深层潜力,测算结果表明武乡县农村居民点的浅层潜力占总潜力的71.88%,说明武乡县农村居民点内部用地较为粗放,具有较高整治潜力。通过分析村庄属性与发展前景,从自然、社会经济、基础设施和农村发展等4个层面选取16个指标评价抽样村整治迫切度,并根据迫切度评价结果将抽样村分为迫切、较迫切、一般迫切和不迫切4个整治等级。从抽样村迫切度评价等级、抽样村浅层潜力占总潜力比重和总潜力占居民点面积比重等三方面入手分析,选取8种组合类型纳入农村居民点整治规划范畴并安排整治时序,确定近期整治抽样村18个,中期整治抽样村17个,远期整治抽样村19个。

关键词: 农村居民点, 整治潜力, 迫切度评价, 整治时序, 武乡县

Abstract:

As an effective measure,rural residential land consolidation can not only intensify rural residential land use,but also relieve contradictions between urban and rural land use. Consolidation potential calculation and urgency degree evaluation are the basis of rural residential land consolidation sequencing. Here,we used geological data and economic social materials obtained from GIS spatial techniques,global observation and interviews in Wuxiang County,Shanxi,China to obtain land structure inside rural residential land. Depending on land type and property,we classified consolidation potential into two types：shallow potential and deep potential. Our results show that the proportion of shallow potential is 71.88%,implying that shallow potential is the main component of total potential. We chose sixteen factors from nature and four aspects from socio-economy and infrastructure,and used them to evaluate the consolidation urgency degree of rural settlements. According to urgency degree evaluation scores we divided 106 sample villages into four classes：most urgent villages,more urgent villages,urgent villages and not urgent villages. We then chose the most urgent and more urgent villages as counties to be consolidated and classified them into eight combination types with percentages of shallow potential in total potential and total potential in the rural settlement area. Last,we arranged the order of eight combination counties into three time quanta and found that there are 13 villages to be consolidated in the near future,17 villages in the mid-term and 19 longer-term.

Key words: rural residential land consolidation, consolidation potential, urgency degree evaluation, consolidation sequence, Wuxiang County

高阳, 张凤荣, 郝晋珉, 张佰林, 周建. 基于整治潜力与迫切度的村级农村居民点整治时序研究[J]. 资源科学, 2016, 38(2): 185-195.

GAO Yang,ZHANG Fengrong,HAO Jinmin,ZHANG Bailin,ZHOU Jian. Consolidation sequence of rural residential land,based on consolidation potential and urgency degree[J]. Resources Science, 2016, 38(2): 185-195.

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一级类		二级类		三级类
编号	名称	编号	名称	编号	名称
1	农用地	11	耕地	-	-
		12	林地	-	-
		13	草地	-	-
2	建设用地	21	农村宅基地	211	使用中的宅基地
				212	闲置的宅基地
				213	废弃的宅基地
		22	公共管理与公共服务用地	221	机关团体用地
				222	科教用地
				223	医卫慈善用地
				224	文体娱乐用地
				225	公共设施用地
				226	公园与绿地
		23	交通运输用地	231	公路用地
				232	街巷用地
				233	农村道路
		24	商服用地	241	批发零售用地
				242	住宿餐饮用地
3	未利用土地	31	未利用土地	311	空闲地
				312	裸地

准则层	权重	因子层	权重	指标与赋值说明	权重	正逆
自然	0.25	地质灾害	0.60	地质灾害高易发区内的居民点面积所占比重/%	0.15	+
		地形条件	0.40	地形位指数	0.10	+
社会经济	0.25	人口规模与结构	0.45	村庄人口数/人	0.06	-
				高中及以上人口比重/%	0.03	+
				18岁以下与60岁以上人口的比值	0.03	+
		房屋破旧率	0.25	土坯结构房屋占房屋总数的比重/%	0.06	+
		经济水平	0.30	人均纯收入/元	0.08	+
基础设施	0.20	教学与医疗	0.40	是否有小学（有=1;无=0）	0.02	-
				是否有中学（有=1;无=0）	0.02	-
				是否有卫生所（有=1;无=0）	0.03	-
		基本生活条件	0.60	自来水用户百分率/%	0.04	-
				路灯覆盖度/%	0.04	-
				商店或超市面积/m²	0.04	-
农村发展	0.30	交通通达度	0.60	距等级公路的距离（等级1~7）	0.09	+
				是否有公交站（有=1;无=0）	0.09	-
		村庄引力	0.40	是否有集贸市场（有=1;无=0）	0.12	-

分类	自然评价均值	社会经济评价均值	基础设施评价均值	农村发展评价均值	迫切度评价均值
不迫切整治村	19.89	34.44	53.60	54.14	42.43
一般迫切整治村	20.67	42.01	70.39	71.45	51.18
较迫切整治村	29.64	43.59	77.03	85.38	59.33
迫切整治村	59.86	44.84	77.06	83.23	66.55

整治时序	迫切度评价类型	浅层潜力占比	总潜力占比
近期	P₁	高	高
	P₂	高	高
	P₁	高	低
中期	P₂	高	低
	P₁	低	高
远期	P₂	低	高
	P₁	低	低
	P₂	低	低